I-Agrotechnology yokulima iplamu "Stanley" ("Stanley"): izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle sama plums, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ezithakazelisayo nezithandwayo.

Omunye wabo yiStanley Plum ("Stanley") - incazelo eningiliziwe yalezi ezihlukahlukene, kanye nezisekelo zokukhula Uzothola kulesi sici.

Umlando wezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokuzalanisa "Stanley"

Hlunga "u-Stanley" uvela e-USA. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, uProfesa Richard Wellington wadabula ipulazi laseFrance uPryuno Dagen kanye ne-American Grand Duke. Ngomnyaka we-1926, ngenxa yokubeletha, ukuhlukahluka "uStanley" kwavela. Izinhlobonhlobo ze "Stanley" zithole ukunambitheka okuvelele efonini yamaFulentshi, futhi ukumelana nokukhishwa kwemifino ephuma emifuleni yaseMelika. ERussia, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeStanley zalethwa kwiRejista kaHulumeni ngo-1983. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zeplamu zithandwa emhlabeni jikelele. Kuyinto "iStanley" evame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemifula.

Uyazi? I-Plum ayiwona umuthi ohlala isikhathi eside. Isikhathi sesikhathi sokuphila sineminyaka engu-15 - 60.

Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene

Iyini iplamu "Stanley":

• umuthi ungafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amathathu. Crohn kancane, inomumo ojikeleziwe. Phuma ngokuqondile, grey emnyama;
• Amahlumela abomvu-obomvu ngombala, ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa, anezimpande ezingavamile;
• amaqabunga aphakathi, ahlangene, anephuzu elikhomba. Ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, zixube kancane futhi zibe nokuthutha okuxekethile;
• blooms "Stanley" maphakathi no-Ephreli;
• izimbali ezimhlophe, ububanzi buka-3 cm. Izimbongolo zivaliwe kancane, zibe ne-edge ye wavy;
• izithelo zokuqala zivela ngonyaka wesine wokuphila;
• isithelo sikhulu, idayi elimnyama ngombala we-wax. Ukuma kwe-fetus ngu-obovate, kune-suture yesisu esisemthethweni;
• isikhumba sesithelo sincane, sihlukaniswe kahle ne-pulp;
• i-pulp iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elimnandi futhi elimnandi;
• itshe lefomu elibhaliwe, linomzimba ogqamile, lihlukanisa kahle kusuka emathinini;
• UStanley uthanda inhlabathi evundile. Kudinga ukugqoka njalo;
• okubhekwa njengobusika-obunzima, angabekezelela amaqhwa phansi -34 ° C;
• ukumelana nesomiso kuphansi. Uma kungabikho ukuchelela kungalahlekelwa izithelo;
• isivuno seplamu "Stanley" ephezulu. Inikeza izithelo njalo. Izithelo ezingaba ngu-60 kg zingavuna emthini owodwa.

Izinzuzo nezimo ezihlukahlukene

Uma sicabangela zonke izici ze-stanley plum ezihlukahlukene, umuntu angathola iziphetho mayelana nezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo.

Izinzuzo:

• izithelo ezihlwabusayo, ezinomsoco, eziphezulu;
• indawo yonke yokufika kwesithelo;
• isivuno esikhulu;
• ubumnandi obuhle obusika;
• izithelo ezinhle zokuthutha.

• ezithintekile yizilokazane nezifo ze-fungal;
• ukubekezelelana okuphansi kwesomiso;
• inxanxathela enhlabathini evundile;
• ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile

Imithetho yokutshala ye-stenley plum stenley

Ngaphambi kokutshala i-stanley plum ehlukahlukene, kuyadingeka uzijwayele ngeminye imithetho yokunakekelwa komuthi okukhulayo nokunye.

Izinsuku nokukhethwa kwendawo yokufika

Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo "Stanley" kungcono ukutshala entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokugeleza kokushisa. Lapho ukutshala ezinhlobonhlobo zokuwa kuthatha izimpande ezimbi kakhulu. Indawo yokutshala ipulazi "Stanley" kufanele ilanga futhi ivikelwe kahle emoyeni. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zeplamu zithanda umswakama, kodwa ngeke zibekezelele amanzi anesisindo. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala isihlahla esigodini akukhuthazwa. I-plum idinga kakhulu ukukhiqiza inhlabathi. Ukutshala isihlahla esifanelekile, i-alkaline noma i-sandstone engathathi hlangothi. Uma inhlabathi iyasebenza, kubalulekile ukuqhuba i-liming. Indawo yokutshala ipulazi "Stanley" kumele ibe okungenani amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye.

Kubalulekile! Endaweni lapho amanzi asemanzini eseduzane, kunconywa ukubeka ungqimba lwezitini ngaphansi komgodi wokutshala. Kuzosiza izimpande zenzalo ukuba zikhule ezinhlangothini futhi zivikeleke ekutheni zimanzi futhi ziqhwa.

Ukulungiselela isitifiketi kanye nezithombo zokutshala

Ukutshala izihlahla nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwama-plums kufanele kulungiswe kahle isayithi. Ukuze inhlabathi inesikhathi sokuxazulula, ukulungiswa komgodi wokufika kuqala ekwindla, ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala.

Ukulungiselela umgodi kuncike ekutheni umhlabathi ugcwele kangakanani. Uma inhlabathi yokutshala ipulazi yaseStanley inesivuno, khona-ke umgodi kufanele ube ngu-80 cm ububanzi no-60 cm ejulile. Ingqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi kufanele isuswe futhi ixubane nama-humus, ibheka isilinganiso esingu-1: 1. Manje kufanele isetshenziswe emgodini wokutshala ngegundane phansi.

Uma inhlabathi yokutshala ingavuthi ngokwanele, ukujula komgodi wokufika kanye nobubanzi bayo kufanele kube ngu-100 cm. Okokuqala udinga ukususa i-sod, usike bese uyixuba ngamabhakede amabili omquba kanye ne-litre jar of ash. Le ngxube ifakwa ngaphansi komgodi. Bese bathatha inhlabathi evundile kwenye indawo bayigcwalise ngesigundane kuya kwesigamu sokujula.

Ngaphambi kokutshala iphunga leplamu "Stanley" udinga ukubuka kahle izimpande zawo. Ukulimala nokumile kususiwe. Izithombo ze-Krona zinciphisa okwesithathu, ngaleyo ndlela zikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.

Inqubo yokutshala izithombo ezincane

Ukutshala izithombo ezincane zezinhlobonhlobo ze-plum "Ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile" bukaStanley abudingi. Ukufika kuyenziwa ngokwemithetho ejwayelekile:

1. Ngaphansi komgodi wokufika kufanele udonse isigxobo esisekelayo. Ukuphakama kufanele kube njengokuthi phezulu kokusekelwa kuncane kakhulu kunamahlumela okuqala e-lateral omuthi omncane.
2. Phakamisa amanzi ahlanzekile.
3. Imbewu encane ifakwe eceleni kwesigxobo sokusekelwa futhi iboshwe.
4. Izimpande zisakaza phezu kwesiqongo futhi zilele phansi, ziqhubekele phansi.
5. Kusukela esiqwini se-recede 50 cm nangomakhelwane we-chopper yenza i-groove. Kunezimbiza ezintathu zamanzi ezithululelwa kuyo.
6. I-mulch pristvolny i-circle peat noma umquba.

Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukulandela indawo yekhola yempande. Kufanele kube iminwe emithathu ngaphezu komhlaba.

Imigomo yokunakekelwa kwenkathi yamaplamu "Stanley"

Ukunakekela izinhlobo ze-plum "Stanley" idinga unyaka wonke. Ehlobo lama-plum kumele kusetshenziswe futhi kudliwe. Ukunakekela amapulazi ekwindla kuhlanganisa izihlahla zokufudumala, ukusika izihlahla. Ebusika, udinga ukulawula isimo "sokungena" emagodini bese ususa iqhwa elivela emagatsheni. Ukunakekelwa kwepulasitiki kumhlophe kuhlanganisa ukugcoba umuthi, ukudla nokuphatha ngezinambuzane.

Uyazi? Amaqabunga aphelile noma ahlanzekile ayinomthelela wokuphulukisa. Zibuye zifakwe ekuqoqweni kwetiyi.

Ukuvimbela nokuvikela izilokazane nezifo

Esinye sezifo zeplamu "uStanley" - i-moniliosis (i-gray gray). Kuyinto fungus futhi kubukeka njengendawo spot brown. Ikhula ngokushesha futhi ifakwe "fluff". Entwasahlobo ukuze kuvikelwe, ngaphambi kokuqala kweqabunga, izihlahla kufanele ziphathwe nge-fungicide. Uma iplamu igula, udinga ukusika amagatsha anesifo bese uwushisa.

Inkathazo eyingozi ye-plums iyinhlangano ye-aphid. Lezi zimfucuza ezincane zokulimala kwezinambuzane namaqabunga. Ukuvimbela uthando oluqinile lomuthi ngama-aphid, ungatshala ama-marigolds azungeze umuthi we-plum. Bakha ama-ladybirds, abayizitha zama-aphid. Uma umonakalo omkhulu, udinga ukusebenzisa izinambuzane.

Ukunisela imodi

I-Plum ithanda umswakama, kodwa ngeke ibekezelele amanzi anesisindo. Ukuphuza kudinga njalo - kanye ngesonto ekuseni noma kusihlwa, usebenzisa ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi emthini ngamunye. Uma ihlobo selomile, amanzi kaningi. Phakathi nesikhathi lapho izithelo zikhiwa futhi zivuthwe, ukuchelela kwanda izikhathi ezingu-5. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi akumele ime. I-plum iyingozi nakakhulu kunokushisa okukhulu.

Uhlelo lokudla

Ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, umuthi we-plum udinga ukuqala ukudla:

1. Njalo entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi umba, kudingeka wenze umquba noma ama-humus (10 kg), engeza i-superphosphate (100 g) ne-potassium sulphate (100 g), i-urea (30 g) kanye no-400 g).
2. Njalo eminyakeni emithathu umanyolo ofanayo usetshenziswa ekwindla.
3. Eyesine - ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila, lapho umuthi uqala ukuthela izithelo, ubukhulu bemifuno banda ngesigamu, ngaphandle kwe-phosphorus ne-nitrogen.
4. Ukuhlangana ngokuphindaphindiwe usebenzisa umquba noma i-peat kusiza ukugcina umswakama futhi kuvikela ukukhula kwezimpande.
5. Ngaphambi kokukhipha izimbali kulandela isigaba esilandelayo sokudla. I-urea ne-potassium sulfate ziyafakwa.
6. Ngesikhathi sokuthululwa kwesithelo esitholwa urea ne nitrophoska.
7. Emva kokuvuna yenza ingxube ye-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium (30 - 40 g).

Ukulungiswa okunamandla nokubunjwa komqhele

Ukusika izihlahla "udonga" sebenzisa entwasahlobo. Izihlahla zemifula endala zihlungwa ukuze zithole isikhathi eside. Sika amagatsha omisiwe, abagulayo nalabo abakhula ngaphakathi komqhele. Isihlahla sokuqala sokuguga senziwa eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemibili emva kokutshala isihlahla. Le nqubo iphindwa njalo eminyakeni emine.

Izitshalo ezincane ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila zikhawulwa, zishiya isiqu esingama-60 cm ubude. Ehlobo zibona ukuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla. Uma amanye amagatsha ekhula ngokungalungile, ekwindla awathena futhi asuse. Ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, izithombo zithengwa u-40 cm eceleni kwesiqu esikhulu. Qinisekisa ukususa izinso ezingenhla ngaphansi kokusika. Wonke amagatsha ahlangothini, ngaphandle kwalabo abaphansi, ancishiswe okwesithathu. Amahlumela aphansi anqunywa, ashiya ubude obungaba ngu-7 cm. Ngonyaka wesithathu wokutshala iplamu, amagatsha aphansi asuswe ngokuphelele, futhi amaqabunga amacembe ashiywe yizicucu ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-8, ekhetha izindawo ezinamandla kunazo zonke futhi ezihle kakhulu. Ibanga elingcono kakhulu phakathi kwamagatsha liyi-10 - 15 cm. Ezingxenyeni ezisele ezingaphezu kwezine ezifihlekile. Ifomu lomqhele we-plum ngendlela yama-tiers. Isihlahla, esinqunywe kahle, sinomqhele ohlangene namagatsha angu-8 kuya kwangu-10. Zifana ngokulinganayo ezungeze isiqu esikhulu.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Naphezu kobusika obuhle bebusika eStanley plum, kudingeka benze ezinye izenzo ukuvikela umuthi.

Ngoba indawo yokukhosela yesihlahla somuthi isebenzisa i-kapron. Ivikela iplamu hhayi kuphela emakhazeni, kepha futhi kusukela kumagundane, ngenkathi ivumela umoya nomswakama kudlule. Futhi kusuka kumagundane, ungasebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ebusika. Uhlelo lwempande ebusika lumbozwe ngendwangu yesikhwama semifino kusuka kumquba noma ama-humus.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo zeplamu "Stanley" kuwela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Lezi zihlukahlukene ziphakeme kakhulu. Izithelo ezingaba ngu-60 kg zingavuna emthini owodwa. Izitshalo zivuthwa kancane kancane. Ungayilandela kabili noma kathathu.

Ukuvuna iplamu udinga ukukhetha usuku olomile. Izithelo zivuna ngokushesha nje lapho sezivuthiwe ngokugcwele. Uma ukuhanjiswa kuhlelwe, isitshalo kumele sivunwe izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambili. Ama-plums angaqoqiwe ngesikhathi, athambile, enambithekayo engathandeki futhi aqhuma. Ukuqoqa isithelo udinga ukulungisa amabhokisi noma amabhasikidi.

Qala ukuqoqa ama-plums kusuka ekupheleni kwamagatsha aphansi, ehamba phambili phakathi nendawo. Izithelo kudingeka zithinte kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze zingasusi i-wax. Iplamu yaseStanley inezinkuni eziphoqelekile, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukugubha lesi sihlahla bese ukugxilisa amagatsha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa isiteji uma izithelo zikhula kakhulu.

Uyazi? Ukusetshenziswa kwiplamu njalo kuvusa ukuzivikela komzimba futhi kunomthelela ekwandiseni ubusha. Ibuye ivikele ukuqala kwezifo ezingokwemvelo.

Izithelo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-plum "Stanley" ezintsha zigcinwe cishe ezinsukwini eziyisithupha esiqandisini. Ngokugcina isitoreji, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• Frost. Ama-plums kufanele ahlanzwe futhi ahlukaniswe zibe izikhwama ezikhethekile zokugcina ukudla efrijini. Ungagcina isithelo cishe izinyanga eziyisikhombisa. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, ama-plums awawohloki, kodwa nje alula.
• Ukukhansela. Kusukela ebangeni lika "Stanley" jam omuhle kakhulu, ujamu, imishaja, ama-compotes avuliwe. Futhi ungenza i-tincture, i-liqueur, i-plum iwayini.
• Ukupheka umlimi. Ama-plums kufanele agcinwe kwisisombululo esishisayo sokusawoti kokudla okungaphezu kwesigamu somzuzu. Bese ugeza bese ubeka kuhhavini elivulekile amahora amathathu ngama-50 degrees. Lapho amapulazi epholile, asomile amanye amahora amahlanu ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-70. Futhi-ke amanye amahora amane emazingeni angu-90. Imifino igcinwa endaweni epholile emasakeni esikhwameni, amabhokisi enziwe ngamapulangwe noma iziqukathi zangilazi.

Plum "Stanley" - Ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu izakhamuzi zasehlobo. Izithelo eziphezulu, hardiness ebusika, ukumelana nezifo ezinhle - izimfanelo ezenza ukufika kwazo kungaphezu kokucabangela.