Umholi ekukhuleni kwamazambane: izici zezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokuzikhethela kokulima kwebanga le-"Nevsky" eliqoshiwe.

Amazambane e-Nevsky athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi.

Kwakhiwa ukulima endaweni yezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu futhi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 iye yahlonywa ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izifunda ze-Russian Federation. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yesine yazo zonke izindawo zokutshala amazambane kulo lonke izwe zigcinelwe lezi zihlukahlukene.

Funda kulesi sihloko incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Nevsky, kanye nezici ze-agrotechnical zokulima, izici nokutholakala kwezifo nokulimala yizinambuzane.

Umsuka

Umnikazi we-patent wezinhlobonhlobo yi-Vsevolozhskaya esiteshini sokuzalanisa, lapho ngo-1976 amasampula okuqala we "Nevsky" atholakala ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo zezambane "Veselovskaya" ne "Candidate".

Ngo-1982, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zangena kwiRejista yeziNcoma zanconywa ukulima endaweni yeRussian Federation.

Amazambane kaNevsky: incazelo ehlukahlukene

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi kwetafula lokuqala, isikhathi kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela esimweni sokubukeka kwezilimo eziyizilimo eziyizifo eziyizinsuku ezingu-70-80.

Izitshalo ezivuthiwe ezihlukahlukene ziyi-400-450 phakathi kwamahektha ngalinye, futhi izimo ezihle kakhulu zingafinyelela kuma-600 aphakathi kwehektare ngalinye. I-tuber iyakuthanda okuhle. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi kubanga kusuka ku-12% ukuya ku-14%.

Isamba samatashi kuma-tubatri nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezinye izinhlobo:

"I-Nevsky" ingatshalwa ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu - ithula ngokuthula ngesikhatsi esomile futhi ayikwazi ukubola ngokungcola ngokweqile.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziphikisana nomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini, okwenza kube khona ukuvuna namavuno amazambane. Ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo ngu 90-95%. Izinhlobonhlobo zigcinwa kahle, kepha izilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukwazi ngesikhathi, izinga lokushisa nezinkinga ezivela lapho ugcina amazambane. Siphinde sinikele ukujwayela izinto ezigcinwe ebusika, emkheneni, emigodini, esiqandisini, esimweni esihlanzekile.

Ungaqhathanisa isivuno nokuthengiswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene etafuleni elingezansi:

Izitshalo ziluhlaza, ukuphakama okuphakathi, okwesokudla, uhlobo oluphakathi. Isitshalo esineqabunga elihle, amaqabunga obukhulu obuphakathi, umbala obala obala ovulekile emaphethelweni. I-Inflorescences - i-compact, equkethe izimbali eziningi ezincane ezimhlophe. Izihlahla zezimbali zigcwele kakhulu, kodwa zifushane.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyi-oval, zihambelana. I-peel yi-beige elula nge-smooth or mesh structure. Amehlo kuncane kakhulu, ama-pinkish noma aphuzi okombala. Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini ngalinye yizingxenye ezingu-15-20. Zonke zilingana nobukhulu obufanayo. Isisindo esilinganisweni sezithelo zezentengiselwano esukela ku 90 kuya ku-130 amagremu.

I-pulp inene, hhayi amanzi. Umbala ophakathi kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ubumhlophe, amazambane awamnyama lapho esika futhi ephekwe.

Ukugaya amazambane kunobuthakathaka, ngoba izakhiwo ze-culinary kufanele zenziwe ngohlobo lwe-B no-C.

Amazambane "I-Nevsky" ayifaneleki ukugcoba nokuthosa. Inhloso eyinhloko yezinhlobonhlobo ukuwusebenzisa ezinesobho kanye namasaladi.

Isithombe

Ungazijwayela izitshalo zezimpande zamazambane aseNevsky esithombeni:

Izici zokukhula

Inhlabathi ethanda kakhulu amazambane "Nevsky" i-sandy ecebile futhi elula. Zikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke samazambane.

"Nevsky" ezwela kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Amazambane angatshalwa kuphela lapho kuqala ukushisa okuzinzile nokufudumala kwenhlabathi engaphansi kuka-6-8 ° C. Ngenhloso efanayo, ungalibali ukuvuna. Ngokushesha phakathi kuka-Agasti amahlamvu akhula futhi amaqabunga ashiya omile, ungaqala ukumba amazambane.

Esinye isici sezinhlobonhlobo ukulungiselela kahle kokutshala izinto. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zithinta kakhulu ukuphuka kwamehlo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufeza ukuhluma ngaphambi kokutshala kwamazambane ngesikhathi sokugwema ukugwedla nokukhuphuka kwamahlumela.

Ukutshala usebenzise kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezinesisindo esingama-50-70 amagremu. Sika izithelo ezinkulu zibe izingxenye ngamehlo ayamukeleki. Ukulahlekelwa kwemali ngale ndlela yokutshala kungaba ngu-50%.

Endleleni yokulima, sebenzisa yonke imikhuba yezolimo eyaziwayo:

• i-hilling;
• i-mulching;
• ukuchelela;
• umanyolo.

Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi, kanjani futhi kanjani ukutshala izimila zamazambane, nokuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle uma utshala, funda ezihlokweni zewebsite yethu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo zinokuphikisana okungafani nezifo ezihlukahlukene:

• cishe engathinteki yi-virus, i-Y, i-M, i-S ne-S;
• ngokulinganisela kunomdlavuza we-phytophorosis wamaqabunga nezilimo eziyizigaxa;
• ukumelana nesilonda nomdlavuza wamazambane;
• akukho mkhuhlane we-nematode yamazambane.

Siphinde sikuqaphele izihloko ezimbalwa eziwusizo mayelana nezifo eziyinhloko zendawo yokuhlala: i-alternarioz, i-fusarium ne-wilting emangalisa.

Ukulwa ne-Colorado amazambane amazambane kanye nezibungu zalo ngokuvamile kuba yinkinga yangempela kubalimi.

Ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana namakhambi omuntu namalungiselelo amakhemikhali angakwazi ukubhekana nale nkinga, uzothola ezihlokweni zesayithi lethu.

Amazambane ahlukahlukene "Nevsky" bakhule ngempumelelo emasimini abakhiqizi bezolimo ezinkulu nasemapulazini angasese. Izimpawu ezinhle kakhulu ze "Nevsky" iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 manje zivumela ukuba kube umholi phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zamazambane.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane. Sikulungiselele uchungechunge lwezinto eziphathelene nobuchwepheshe be-Dutch, mayelana nokukhula ngaphansi komshini, emibhawulweni, ezikhwameni, emabhokisini, kusuka kumbewu.

Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayelane nezinye izinhlobo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa: