Derain ezimhlophe - i-ornamental shrub enhle, enika umbono omuhle wensimu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ihlobisa isayithi nge-inflorescences eningi ekhanyayo, futhi emva kokuqhakaza isihlahla kuhlanganiswa namajikijolo amhlophe noma amhlophe-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ekwindla, amaqabunga awo aphendukile, futhi ebusika, amagatsha abomvu abukeka emangalisa ngeqhwa elimhlophe. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukudala uthango endaweni.
Izici zokufika
Kukholelwa ukuthi uDeren - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Kulula ukutshala nokumnakekela, futhi ngisho nomlimi wesimanje angakwazi ukukuphatha.
Isikhathi sokufika
Ngokuvame ukujwayela ukutshala i-sod ekwindla. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda, ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokwenza lukhuni futhi singene emhlabathini omusha. Ngemuva kokubanda ubusika, entwasahlobo izithombo ezinjalo ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha, ngoba zase zidlulile isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa ekwindla.
Noma kunjalo, ungatshala izihlahla nezihlahla zentwasahlobo. Kulesi simo, kubhapathizwa emhlabeni ngendwangu yomhlaba ohlelweni lwempande. Lokhu kuzosindisa izimpande kumonakalo futhi kusize isitshalo sigxile endaweni entsha.
Nakuba abalimi bebheka: akukhathaleki uma isitshalo sitshalwe, entwasahlobo noma ekwindla akuthinti ukuthuthukiswa kwe-shrub.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela ukutshala izinto
Njengoba unqume ukuthenga izithombo ze-sod, kwanele ukuxhumana nesitolo esikhethekile noma isikhungo segadi. Kodwa kudingeka uqaphele lapho ukhetha izinto zokutshala, ukuze uthenge ngokuqondile uhlobo lwe-turf emhlophe.
Uyazi? I-Derain ibhekisela emndenini wezinja. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-shrub, kodwa akuzona zonke ezifanele ukukhula esimweni sethu sezulu emhlabathini ovulekile. I-Derain emhlophe yi-shrub enkulu enombala obomvu noma omnyama, obomvu, nezimo eziguquguqukayo. Futhi unegama: obomvu, i-cornel emhlophe, i-svidina emhlophe.
Namuhla sithengisa inombolo enkulu yezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-sod. Unganikeza ubuhle obumangalisayo bamahlumela ngamaqabunga ombala omangalisayo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba usinde ebusika bethu. Uma ufuna ukuphela okungapheli, thatha kuphela ukuhluka okumhlophe, ngoba kubusika-kunzima.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu nezibonisiwe ze-turf emhlophe ebizwa ngokuthi:
- Ukukhanya okuhle - ihlukanise amaqabunga anomngcele oqhakazile, ama-inflorescence amancane amancane, amagatsha abomvu amnyama.
- Derain ezihlukahlukene white zaseSiberia - ibone amaqabunga, amagatsha abomvu okukhanyayo, izimbali zekhrimu, ezithatha indawo amajikijolo amhlophe, amaqabunga abe abomvu ngekwindla.
- Aurea - ebonakala ngamajikijolo amhlophe namaqabunga aphuzi.
- Shinde - ukhilimu we-inflorescences uthathelwa amajikijolo amhlophe, ebusika amagatsha ayabomvu, amaqabunga aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka.
- Kesselring - kubhekwa njengobusika-obunzima kakhulu. Uhlukana namagatsha abomvu amnyama, amaqabunga abomvu namajikijolo amhlophe.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, hlola ngokucophelela imbewu ngayinye kusuka empandeni ukuze uthathe isitshalo esinempilo ngaphandle kwezifo nezinambuzane.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesayithi lokufika
Njengoba unqume ukutshala lesi sitshalo, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi uzotshala kuphi. Ikhula kahle kokubili emthunzini futhi emthunzini oyingxenye - ayifuni kakhulu ukukhanya kwelanga.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile bahlotshiswe ngamakholo, izindonga ezingenalutho, izihlahla ezinkulu. Ngokuyinhloko, isihlahla esinamabala asohlangothini ngokumelene nesizinda sezihlahla ze-coniferous sibonakala sihle. Kodwa-ke, akufanelekile ukubandakanyeka futhi ukutshala emthunzini oqinile - angase alahlekelwe umphumela wakhe wokuhlobisa.
I-turf engaqondakali futhi enhlabathini. Uma ine-asidi evamile, ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi akusho lutho. Ihlelwe kahle emhlabathini osesiqhumeni futhi e-loam esindayo, ibuye ikhule kahle ematheni, inhlabathi ebalalayo.
Kodwa uma ufuna amahlumela amnandi namahlumela aluhlaza, umanyolo obunzima noma i-humus kufanele ifakwe emithonjeni ngaphambi kokutshala. Futhi kufanele uhlale uphakela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngenxa yezimila zamaminerali, amahlumela enempilo namahlamvu amahle akhula ehlathini. Kodwa ngaphandle kwesithako i-shrub iyinhlobonhlobo yokuhlobisa.
U-Derain uyathanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezimanzi: ogwini lwamachibi, imifula. Ngakho-ke, kusayithi lakho, futhi, khetha indawo eduze kwamanzi noma lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze. Kuseduze kuyadingeka ukutshala lezo zitshalo ezithanda ukuchelela okuningi. Ehlobo kunconywa okungenani kanye ngesonto. Ngaso sonke isikhathi awukwazi ukwenza ukuchelela okukhethekile.
Inkambiso yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokutshala izithombo
Ngakho-ke, unqume ukuthi uzotshala izihlahla. Indlela yokutshala kahle izimpande ze-sod?
- Gweba umgodi ozobe usayizikhulu kancane kunombhobho webumba ku-seedling.
- Thelela kuwo ingxube yezakhi: izithako ezimbiwa ngamaminerali, amaqabunga emhlabeni, ama-humus. Endaweni eyodwa, i-Derain ingakhula iminyaka engama-25, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyidla kahle ekuqaleni, bese uyiphakelayo ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala kumele kuphuziswa kahle, ngakho konke okukuyo kuhlanganiswe.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo ngokwawo kufanele siphuze futhi silinde imizuzu engu-10-15 ukuze inhlabathi ingene emanzini.
- Khona-ke ubeka ngokucophelela emgodini, uzama ukulimaza uhlelo lwempande ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Manje umgodi ungafafazwa ngomhlaba, uphethwe ngamanzi futhi uphuze ngokukhululekile.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-White turf
Ukunakekelwa kuyadingeka kakhulu, kepha uma ufuna ukuthola isihlahla esihle, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho eyisisekelo yokulima. Yeka ukuthi i-turf emhlophe ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani kuxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo.
Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi
Uma utshala i-turf endaweni efanele, okungukuthi, emthunzini owodwa endaweni enomhlabathi, ngakho akudingi ukuchelela okukhethekile. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla kunemvula eyanele yemvelo. Ehlobo, ekushiseni okukhulu, linganisela kanye ngesonto ukuze umhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla ungabe usomile. Kulesi simo, kuthululwa izibhakede ezimbili zamanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
Intaba encane idinga ukukhululwa kwenkathi ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokuhlangana kwayo nge peat noma humus. Sebenzisa futhi ama-chips noma amagxolo amancane emithi.
Umanyolo nokugqoka amahlathi
Ukudla okunomsoco we-turf akudingeki. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, uzizwa enhle kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuthola isihlahla esihle, kunconywa ukuba uyondle ngezikhathi ezithile ngamaminerali anamanzi asebenzayo ngesikhathi esisentwasahlobo.
Lokhu kuyokwanela ukuthi lesi sitshalo siphinde siphume emva kokubusika futhi sithole konke okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni okukhulu. Ehlobo, ungadla ukondla okwengeziwe nge-compost noma i-peat - cishe ngo-150 g ngesikhala ngasinye.
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nenkathi, lesi sitshalo sinokuphakama kokubili kwezimbali. Eyokuqala inguMeyi - Juni, kanti eyesibili - Agasti - Septemba. Ngesikhathi se-shrub yezimbali ezihlanganiswe ne-corymbose inflorescences ukhilimu noma umhlophe. I-inflorescences ehlukile ingabonakala futhi esikhathini esiphakathi kwesikhathi.
Ukunciphisa nokuqothula izihlahla ze-sod
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-turf zonyaka zingakwazi ukwelula ngo-50-60 cm, ezingeke zibukeke zikhangayo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba usike futhi uqede i-turf emhlophe. Uwuthulule entwasahlobo, ususe amahlumela endala, ukuze angaphazamisi intsha ekhulayo. Kunconywa ukuba ushiye ngesikhathi esifanayo 15-20 cm ubudala ukuphunyuka ngaphezu ezingeni lomhlabathi.
Ungakhohlwa ukucubungula umlotha noma umlotha ochotshoziwe, ukuze ukutheleleka kungangeni esitshalweni futhi inqubo yokuphulukisa ihamba ngokushesha. Abanye balimi batusa ukusika i-sod ekwindla ukuze bangaphazamisi i-shrub entwasahlobo.
Kodwa lesi sitshalo sigcinwa ensimini ngamagatsha amahle ahlobisa insimu ebusika. Ngemuva kokudubula kwekwindla ngeke kube khona okujabulisayo iso.
Ngokuqondene nezinwele, khona-ke kwenziwa ngenkathi kabili noma kathathu, ngesikhathi sokugcina esifushane amahlumela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, i-shrub iqala ngamandla kakhulu, kodwa ikhula ngamandla. Uma udinga ama-estictics ensimini, ungayinika ukuma okufunayo.
Ukulungiselela izithombo ezincane ezimhlophe ze-turf ebusika
Uma i-turf emhlophe ikhula esayithini lakho, ngeke udinga noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzilungiselela ukubusika. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela isithwathwa. Uma ulindele ubusika obunzima, ungakwazi ukumboza kancane izimpande nganoma yiluphi ulwazi lwendawo yokukhosela. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, kwanele ukupakisha umcamelo weqhwa elizungezile.
Uma ukutshala kwe-turf kwenzeka endaweni yesimo esibi kakhulu noma uthatha isinqumo sokuhlakulela izitshalo ngokumelana nokuqhwa okuncane, kuhle ukuba ususe amahlumela amancane ebusika. Ukuze benze lokhu, bacubungulwa ngokucophelela, badicilelwe phansi bese begcinwa khona kuze kube sekuseni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokushesha lapho sekufudumala, izithombo zibuyela endaweni yazo yangaphambili.
Uyazi? I-Derain kuyi-Latin version inegama elithi Cornus, okusho ukuthi "uphondo". Igama aliyona ngengozi, ngoba izinkuni zalo ezinzima futhi eziqinile zifana ncamashi nophondo.
Izindlela zokuzala i-turf emhlophe
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuzala i-sod emhlophe. Zombili imbewu kanye nezihlahla zifanelekile ukutshala, kodwa ungasebenzisa futhi amagatsha avela ehlathini.
Cuttings
Cuttings, okungukuthi, amahlumela amasha we-turf, angasuswa njalo ngonyaka. Kodwa hhayi noma yiliphi igatsha elinqunywe kulo kuyoba yinto enhle yokutshala. Kulokhu umuntu kufanele akhethe amahlumela nge-7-9 efihlekile anempilo futhi anempilo. Omunye umbuzo obalulekile: lapho ukusika i-turf emhlophe. Isikhathi esihle salokhu kubhekwa njengentwasahlobo nekwindla.
Ukusika ngezinhlobo ze-spring cuttings kunconywa ukuba kutholwe kuqala ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-succinic acid, okuzokwenza ngcono isimo sabo samanje nokuthuthukiswa esikhathini esizayo. Bese bebekwa emgodini wezakhi bese bebekwe endaweni yokushisa noma abamba ukushisa.
Ehlobo, ubukele ukuthuthukiswa kwezicuttings: zonke amafihlethi kuzo kufanele zivule futhi zinike amaqabunga amasha. Ngesikhathi sehlobo, ama-cuttings aphuziswa njalo futhi anondliwa ngama-mineral complexes noma ama-fertilizer ephilayo. Ngekuwa, izithombo ezinempilo ezinezimpande ezinamandla kufanele zikhule kusuka ezicutheni.
Izintambo kungasuswa emhlathini entwasahlobo, ukuwasika kusukela ezimpandeni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Isihlahla sibheke ngokuphelele noma singenalo ingxenye yaso.
Bese ukhetha i-rhizome, eyakha amahlumela amancane - ukuzala okudala akufanelekile. I-rhizome ikhishwa emhlabathini futhi inqume ingxenye efunayo ngensimbi ekhaliphile engahlanjululwa.
Izithombo ezihlukanisiwe zifakwe emithonjeni elungiselelwe ngaphambili, zibhalwa ibanga elingama-25 cm komunye nomunye. Kulowo nalowo kufanele kube nomxube wezakhi kanye nomanyolo ophilayo ozosiza isitshalo sibe nezimpande ezindaweni ezintsha, ukwandise iziqu ezintsha nezimpande.
Uma izihlumela ezifanele zikhethiwe, lesi sitshalo sizothola izimpande futhi siphume ngokushesha.
Ukubeka
Njengoba isihlahla sinomqhele osakazekayo futhi okhululekile, amagatsha awo awela kalula emhlabathini, angasakazwa ngokubeka phansi. Nakuba bebodwa bese wabelana ngesihlahla asikwazi.
Amafomu afaka entwasahlobo, lapho kukhethwe igatsha elincane elide, ligoba phansi bese lizibophezela kulo. Njengoba yena ngokwakhe engeke ahlale emhlabathini, kunconywa ukuthi uyilungise nge-brackets ensimbi.
Indawo lapho igatsha laliyi-prikopana, lihlanganisiwe, elizovumela ukugxila kakhulu emanzini amaningi kuwo. Konke ihlobo kumele liphuze futhi lidla njalo.
Entwasahlobo noma ekwindla konyaka ozayo, kuzobe sekukhona izimpande ezanele egatsheni ukuze ziphile impilo ezimele. Kumele uhlukaniswe ngokucophelela esihlahleni somzali bese ufakwa endaweni efanele. Nakuba le ndlela ilula, ayifuni neze ukusetshenziswa ngabalimi.
Imbewu
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kutholakala amabhola amhlophe noma okubomvu endaweni yezimbali ze-turf. Ngesikhathi sehlobo ehlobo lwelanga izinsuku zivuthwe futhi zifanele ukuvunwa kuphela ekwindla. Ngalokhu udinga ukuqoqa amabhola, ususe imbewu kubo futhi uyomile.
Ikhwalithi nokuhluma kwembewu kuxhomeke ekunakekeleni kahle kwehlathi ngesikhathi sehlobo. Ukube wayengaguli lutho, akazange ahlaselwe yizilokazane, aphuziswa futhi anikezwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abe ne-100% yokuhluma.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-turf emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ekwindla ngokushesha emva kokuvuna, cishe ngo-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, umoya awufudumale kakhulu, futhi umhlaba usuvele ukhululekile ebusuku. Izimo ezinjalo zizosiza kanzima imbewu entwasahlobo. Uma unquma ukuwahlwanyela entwasahlobo, okokuqala uzigcine emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-5 ° C.
Derain mhlophe ekuklanyeleni kwezwe
I-turf emhlophe yayisetshenziselwa kalula ukuhlobisa izivande nezakhiwo zomuntu siqu. Ibukeka kahle kakhulu emithambekeni, njengendonga, ehlangene nezinye izihlahla noma emibhedeni yemifino ehlanganisiwe. Ukutshala i-turf ensimini njengesihlahla sezinto zokuhlobisa, khumbula ukuthi amajikijolo ayo atholakala kakhulu ezinyoni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuphikiswa kwezilokazane nezifo
Isihlahla esikhulile esikhulile esingavumelani nezifo eziningi. Ngenxa yalokhu bathanda ukukhula umhlophe omhlophe. Kodwa ngenkathi ekhula, amahlumela amancane angase avele. i-powdery isikhutha - Isifo se-fungal esithinta cishe zonke izitshalo zasadini.
Inkathi yokutheleleka yintwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlamvu ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zesitshalo ziphuma emasimini amaningi e-fungus emhlabathini. Umkhuhlane we-powdery uqala ukusakazeka emaqabungeni aphansi ehlumela, kancane kancane ufinyelele phezulu.
Amaqabunga ahlanganiswa nokuqhakaza okumhlophe, okwathi ngemva kwesikhathi kuvela uketshezi, futhi amabhola anombala aqala ukwakha emagatsheni. I-fungus ngokwayo idla uketshezi lwesitshalo, ngakho-ke isikhathi esiphezulu siphelile ukuqhuma, siphume, suma futhi sife.
Izimo ezizwakalayo zokwenzeka kwe-powdery isikhutha yizinguquko zokushisa ngokuzumayo ngezikhathi ezomile eside nokuchelela okuningi kakhulu nge-nitrogen fertilizer. Ukusika izimpande nakho kwenza buthaka isitshalo, okwenza kube yingozi kwizifo ezihlukahlukene.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela isikhutha se-powdery, kufanele itshalwe izihlahla ezikude kakhulu komunye nomunye, ukuze izimpande zibe nendawo yokuthuthukiswa. Ekusentwasahlobo nasekwindla, uhlelo lwempande lugcwele kancane.
Ngesikhathi sokuphuza, amanzi athululelwa ngqo ngaphansi kwempande ukuze amanzi angawa esitshaleni ngokwawo. Ekwindla, kusukela embhedeni wembali, kuyadingeka ukususa zonke izinsalela zamaqabunga notshani ukuze amakhowe akwazi ukuchitha ubusika lapho.
Uma izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo zitholakala, amagatsha athintekayo kufanele ahlulwe futhi ashiswe. Isihlahla kufanele siphonswe nganoma yisiphi isisombululo sokubulala amagciwane noma i-decoction. Isibonelo, isisombululo sesephu soda ash noma i-decoction ye-horsetail.
Indlela enhle ukufafaza nge-decoction yegalikhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathisipuni amathathu amazinyo achotshoziwe ahliswa ebhakedeni lamanzi, ahlile futhi isitshalo sihlanjululwa nge-decoction.
Izinambuzane ze-turf aziyona ingozi kakhulu. Okuvamile kakhulu isihlangu esenziwe ngendlela enamabala. Lezi zinambuzane ziyakuthanda ukugxila emaqabeni esitshalo. Insikazi isilinganiselwe kufika ku-1.5 mm, kanti owesilisa - 0.5 mm. Amantombazane ahlanganiswe nesihlangu, lapho amaqanda agcinwa khona ngesikhathi sasebusika emagodini asehlathini.
Emazingeni okushisa ngezansi -30 ° C amaqanda afe. Uma bengakafi, ngo-Ephreli izibungu ziqala ukuvela, ezizihlanganisa neziqu kanye namaqabunga, ehlanganiswe kakhulu ngemicu emhlophe.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, kwavela abesifazane, okuyinto engakapheli inyanga idle wonke amahlathi, okwandisa izikhathi ezingu-2.5. Ngemva kokubeka amaqanda ngaphansi kwegobolondo, bafa. Ukuze amaqanda akhule, kudingeka abesilisa, abazalwa ngokungajwayelekile, futhi amaqanda ngokwabo abe ukudla kwamakhiza, izimbungulu nezinsipho.
Lahla kusuka kule nkathazo ongayenza, ukuphatha izihlahla ngezinambuzane (Decis, Kinmiks, Karbofos) ngesikhathi sokuphuma ngaphansi kwezimpungushe zezimpungushe.
Enye inkathazo evamile ye-turf i-aphid. Ngokuvamile uhlala ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga, izimpande zezimbali, ngezinye izikhathi ngeziqu. Iqukethe umzimba ovulekile kuze kube ngu-2 mm, imilenze ende futhi ngezinye izikhathi amaphiko.
Ngemuva kokufaka umquba, abesifazane basala izimpungushe eziyi-150, futhi bangakwenza lokhu izikhathi eziningana. Ngokuvamile amakholomu ama-aphid "atsha" izintuthwane, eqoqa kuwo amanzi amnandi, aphid awakhiqiza, ewutshisa isitshalo sesitshalo. Kusuka kuma-aphid kusiza ukuphalaza izixazululo zesobho elibomvu, i-celandine, i-garlic, izinaliti, ugwayi noma anyanisi.
Nakuba izinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene zingahlasela uDeren, ukuqedwa okuphelele kwesihlahla akuvamile ukuba khona. Ngokuvamile, izinyathelo zokuqala eziphuthumayo ziletha umphumela, futhi ngokuvimbela okufanele, ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngeke kudingeke neze. Ngokuvamile, i-turf emhlophe iyisitshalo esihle ensimini, efaneleka ngisho nalabo abangakwazi ukuzinikela isikhathi esiningi ekunakekeleni isayithi.
