I-asparagus egulayo - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Isitshalo sokuhlobisa i-asparagus crescent (i-asparagus falcatus) sisetshenziselwa ukuthwebula indawo yezindlu ezindlini, amahhovisi, izakhiwo zomphakathi kanye nezakhiwo. Kwakha okuluhlaza okotshani we-emerald. Kwehliselwa ezimweni ezikhulayo, kuyaqabukela kuqhume. Idizayini ingasetjenziswa njengesici sodwa noma isizinda sezinhlobo zezimbali. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi ungayikhulisa kanjani i-asparagus egulayo ekhaya ukuze uzuze ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu kwezimpawu zayo zobuhle.

Ngabe i-agaragus egulayo ibukeka kanjani, kungowakuphi umndeni?

I-Sickle asparagus ingeyamalungu omndeni wakwa-Asparagus, onezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 zezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous nezinezihlahla ezincibilikayo, kubandakanya nokukhwela kanye nezinhlobo zembozo zasemhlabeni. Umdabu ovela eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika.

I-Asparagus ezimweni zasehlobo

Amahlumela aqondile noma ahlanekezelwe kancane, amanye amahlumela asontekile. Kwakha amahlumela amancane. Iziqu ziluhlaza, ezisekelweni zingathola i-anthocyanin (violet) hue. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo ekhaya kufinyelela ku-70-90 cm. Amaqabunga ayabiyela, anama-lanceolate, ikakhulukazi aqonde emaphethelweni amahlumela. Amacembe amafushane asondele maphakathi nesihlahla angagoba kancane ngendlela yesikela. Ubude kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-12 cm, ububanzi buyi-5-10 mm.

AmaCrescent Shoots

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ze-asparagus ze-falcatus, izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kabanzi:

• i-cirrus asparagus;
• i-asparagus Sprenger;
• Asparagus Meyer.

Emhlabathini ovulekile endaweni efudumele, kukhula izinhlobonhlobo zama-asparagus - i-asparagus yokwelapha.

Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo

Izinhlobo ziqukethe i-amino acid asparagine. Kwisilimo semifino, kunamavithamini amaningi nosawoti wamaminerali. Kukhishwe i-Asparagus officinalis yezifo zezinso, inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, isifo sikashukela, ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi. I-infusions yezimpande namakhambi isetshenziselwa izifo zezinso nesinye, i-allergies, i-dysentery, isithuthwane.

Umlando wokuvela kwesiko

Uhlobo lwaziwa isintu okungenani iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ngenxa yobuhle nobuncane bamaqabunga, izitshalo zazibonakala futhi zisakazeka ngentshiseko. EGreece yasendulo, amahlumela e-asparagus afakwa emkhombeni womakoti nomkhwenyana. EGibhithe, amahlumela e-asparagus aqale ukusetshenziswa njengemifino. Wafika eRussia ngekhulu le-17.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya

I-Asparagus falcatus isuka ezifundeni ezifudumele nezomile zase-Afrika. Ngokuzithoba, ngokuvamile kuyashintsha indawo yokukhula akufanele kube. Kuyasiza ukuhlaziya ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izimo endlini ezifanele kakhulu isitshalo.

Ukushisa

Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukukhula nokukhula kwe-asparagus egulayo ingama-20-25 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-zero. Ehlobo, ekushiseni okwedlulele, isitsha esiphethe lesi sitshalo siyakhishwa siyiswe kuvulandi noma kwi-loggia Ebusika, kuvunyelwe ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kwekamelo libe ngu-17-18 ℃.

Isibani

Lapho kudalulwe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, ukushisa kungavela emaqabungeni ngesimo sezindawo ezimnyama nezinsundu ngokufa kwezicubu. Kungcono ukugcina lesi sitshalo emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga, kude ne-15-20 cm kude nengilazi. Kuyavunyelwa ukusigcina sisezimbizeni eziphansi ekujuleni kwegumbi elikhanyayo, ekuphakameni kwamakhabethe noma ku-Whatnots.

I-Asparagus crescent maphakathi negumbi

Ukunisela

Ehlobo, ukuchelela kwenziwa kabili ngesonto. Ebusika, kuvunyelwe ukuthambisa imbali isikhathi 1 ngezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Ungqimba oluphezulu lwesitho esingezansi ebhodweni kufanele luhlale lumanzi kancane. Uma amanzi egxuma esihlangeni, kufanele asuswe ukuvikela ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ukufafaza

Ukufafaza amaqabunga ngamanzi ahlanzekile kusuka kwesibhamu sokufafaza kwenziwa emakamelweni owomile ebusika, kanye nokushisa okukhulu ehlobo (ukukhulula uthuli). Lapho kwenzeka izifo nezinambuzane, ukufafaza nge-fungicides kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane kungadingeka.

Umswakama

Umswakama ongaphansi ugcinwa kahle ngokulinganayo. Ukuchelela amanzi nokunisela okungandile kakhulu kuyalimaza isitshalo. Umswakama egumbini kufanele okungenani ube ngu-25%. Umswakama omningi womoya unomthelela ekuthuthukiseni izifo. Uma umswakama ophansi, amaqabunga angaguquka aphuzi futhi abhoboke.

Inhlabathi

I-Asparagus ikhula kahle kunhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma enomthelela omncane. Nge-falcatus, inhlabathi equkethe ngokwayo ifanelekile:

• umhlaba wensimu - izingxenye ezi-2;
• humus - izingxenye ezi-2;
• i-peat - ingxenye eyi-1;
• isihlabathi - 1 ingxenye.

Lapho ingxenye engenhla nengaphansi komhlaba ikhula, isitsha sithathelwa indawo sikhulu ngokubuyiselwa komhlaba ngokuphelele.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-Asparagus idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu ngezinto ezinamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo. Ukugqoka okumbalwa okunamaminerali kufanele kunikezwe entwasahlobo ngenhlanganisela ephelele yezinto. I-Nutrisol yamaminerali noma i-Reasil enezinto ezilandelwayo ngomkhondo kufanelekile.

Ukufaka umquba ngezinto ezi-organic kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ehlobo nezikhathi ezi-1-2 ebusika. Sebenzisa i-Humate potassium noma i-sodium ngendlela yesisombululo. I-humus iyathengiswa, ehlanganiswa ngobunono emgodini ongaphansi kaningi ngonyaka.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwasebusika ngesikhathi sokuphumula

I-Falcate ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ebusika. Kwanele ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lekamelo kancane futhi kunciphise ukuchelela esikhathini esingu-1 ngesonto.

Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani

I-Asparagus specimens ingaba yi-dioecious (isitshalo sowesilisa noma sowesifazane). Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali akuvamile, kwaqashelwa eminyakeni engu-7 kuya kwe-12 ngemuva kokutshala isihlahla ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Isikhathi sezimbali amasonto angama-3-4. Emthunzini, i-asparagus empeleni ayikhulisi. Izimbali ziningi ezincane, zimhlophe, zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga, ziqoqwe nge-inflorescence ngesimo sokuxubha okuvulekile. Ama-Stamens 6 noma ngaphezulu, ama-petals nawo ayi-6 noma ngaphezulu. Ama-anther aphuzi omnyama. Izithelo berry encane, inedible. Imbewu iyindilinga, imbozwe ngethanga elimnyama elimnyama.

Izimbali ezi-crescent crescent

Izinguquko ekunakekeleni kwezimbali

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-asparagus kufanele iniselwe kaningi kunokujwayelekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungayishintshi indawo. Uma kunobungozi bokuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, kungcono ukudala umthunzi omncane ngephepha elikhanyayo.

Izihlahla

Kukhona ukubumba kanye nokuthamba kokunwebeka kwe-asparagus. Imbali ibekezelela kahle zombili lezi zinhlobo. Ngokuthena okunciphile, kusetshenziswa indlela yokusika ngokuphelele ababuthaka, abagulayo noma abaphukile ngengozi amahlumela. Iphethwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

Lapho wenza izihlahla, ukusika kanye nokunqamulela kwamahlumela kuyasetshenziswa. Bakwenza entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ukufinyezwa kweziqu ezinde kakhulu kwenziwa ngo-0.5-0.6 cm ngaphezu kweqabunga.

Indlela izinambuzane ezigulisayo

Lesi sitshalo sikhiqizwa ngokutshala noma ngembewu. Ngendlela yokuqala, izakhiwo zesihlahla sikamama zidluliselwa ngokuphelele enzalweni. Ukusakazeka okudala kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izinhlobo noma izinhlobo ezihlukile. Izitshalo zabantu abadala ekhaya zingazala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.

Ukuhluma kwembewu

Imbewu inegobolondo eliqinile. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, zifakwa emanzini afudumele Igumbi amahora we-12-20. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa enhlabathini enengxenye enkulu yesihlabathi ekwakhekeni, afakwa enhlabathini ngamasentimitha angama-0.6-0.7. Isitsha simbozwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki bese sibekwa endaweni efudumele.

Ukuhluma kuthatha amasonto ama-3-4. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, isitsha sihanjiswa endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, qhubeka nokuhambisa amanzi nokukhulula inhlabathi. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, adluliselwa ebhodweni elinomhlabathi ogcwele.

Ukusika kwe-midzi

Le ndlela ilula ukusakaza i-asparagus. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza ukusikeka okuningi ngobude obungu-12-15 cm 1 cm ngaphansi kwe-internode. Amaqabunga aphansi kuzona ezisikiwe ayasuswa, emva kwalokho izimbambo zifakwa engilazini yamanzi lapho okushisa kwasekamelweni. Amanzi ethangini aguqulwa nsuku zonke. Roots amafomu ngezinsuku eziyi-10-14. Amahlumela anezimpande atshalwe emabhodweni nge-substrate.

Ukulala komoya

Uma amahlumela amade, amanye awo angancipha kancane futhi asetshenziselwe ukuthola ukwakheka. Ukusuka ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zesitshalo somama, kubekwa amabhodwe enhlabathi enesihlabathi esikhanyayo. Amahlumela anqatshiwe afakwa ngebakaki kusuka ocingweni oluqinile emabhodweni ukuze ama-internode ambozwe nge-substrate. Ihlanganiswa njalo ngomzimba. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-15, izimpande ziyavela ezingqekweni. Banqunywa esihlahleni somama futhi batshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukile.

Ukufakelwa

Ngokufakelwa, iziqukathi ezinobubanzi obungu-1.5-2 cm amakhulu kunaleso esedlule zisetshenzisiwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, isihlahla se-asparagus esakhiwe ngokugula lapho sineminyaka engu-3-4 sidinga ukufakelwa njalo ezinyangeni ezingama-7-8. Ukuze kukhishwe amanzi kangcono, ungqimba lobumba olunwetshiwe olungamasentimitha amathathu luthululelwa ezansi kwembiza entsha, bese kuba nesendlalelo esingaphansi komhlaba. Isitshalo esinenhlama yomhlaba sifakwa esitsheni esisha, esimbozwe nge-substrate, sitshelwe kahle, siniselwa kabili ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Isihlahla esidala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa sinokuhlukaniswa ngama-lobes amabili noma amathathu wokuzala. Kulokhu, amabhodwe amakhulu akufanele athathwe. Isihlahla sikamama sihlukaniswe ngama-rhizomes - umuntu ngamunye omusha kufanele athole isigaba sezimpande esithuthukisiwe kanye namahlumela amancane amaningi.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni nasekuguleni

Ngokushisa kwegumbi eliphansi, umswakama ophakeme we-substrate nomoya, i-asparagus ingathola i-powdery hlobo. I-plaque emhlophe iyavela emaqabunga. Uma kungekho sinyathelo esithathwayo, isitshalo singafa. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza ngomuthi i-Alirin B. Inhlabathi ebhodweni iniselwa ngesisombululo se-Fitosporin.

I-Powdery mildew enye yezinkinga ze-asparagus

Lapho amathiphu omile emaqabunga - lokhu kuwubufakazi bomswakama ophansi. Kunconywe ukusebenzisa ukufafaza ngamanzi ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Uma amaqabunga aphansi e-asparagus ewela, isitshalo singenayo i-potassium.

Akunzima ukunakekela i-asparagus egulayo. Ngokusho kwamamephu, lapho bebona i-asparagus yezimbali, benza isifiso sokuthi lokho kuzofezeka.