I-Xerantemum iyimbali enhle engaphelele yonyaka, eye isetshenziswa isikhathi eside njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa emklamo we-landscape kanye nomhlobiso wemibhede yembali. Funda mayelana nencazelo yezitshalo yembali nenqubo yokukhula ekhaya.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Xerantemum iyisitshalo sonyaka owodwa oyingxenye yomndeni weCompositae. Yakhula ekhaya ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 eningizimu yeYurophu, kodwa ngokushesha isakazeka emhlabeni jikelele, ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo kwezimo ezikhulayo nobuhle obungavamile obuphikelela ngisho nangemva kokumiswa. Imbali ibonakala ngokuba khona kwesitshalo esilungile esingasifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-60 cm. Esigabeni, amaqabunga amancane, ama-long lanceolate asetshala ngokunye. Zifinyelela cishe ngo-3 cm ubude no-0.5 cm ngobubanzi. Isiqu sigcwele amacu amhlophe. 
I-Inflorescences inezinhlobo zamabhasikidi, amelwe ama-hemispheres. Izinhlobo ze-Ornamental zalesi sitshalo ezinezimbali eziyi-terry noma ezinemibili-mbili zingaba izimbali ezimhlophe, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu. Izimbali ziyingcosana, zingaphezu kuka-3 cm ububanzi. Ikhula kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuya kuSepthemba. Izimbali ezinobungane futhi zichichima. Ukuvuna imbewu embali kwenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo. Imbewu ingcono kakhulu, i-gray, in gram eyodwa ezingaphezu kuka-700 izingcezu zigxilwe, zihlala zisebenza iminyaka engaba ngu-3. I-gener xerantemum inezinhlobo ezingu-6, kodwa ku-floriculture isebenzisa i-xertetemum kuphela yonyaka.
Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala
Indawo yokuhlala ye-xerandtemum yizingxenye eziseningizimu nasentshonalanga yeYurophu, iMedithera, iBalkans ne-Asia Minor. Izitshalo zikhula kangcono emagqumeni, lapho zikhuphuka khona, zikhetha izintaba ezomile nezintaba eziphansi, zingatholakala nasemhlabathini onesihlabathi.
Zijwayele ngezimbali ezinomile ezifana ne-amaranth, i-celosia, i-helihrizum, i-craspedia ne-tansy.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape
I-Xeranthemum isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuklama komhlaba. Zihlotshiswe ngama-flowerbeds, rockeries, nawo asetshenziswa ekudalweni kwemingcele ephilayo. Ngenxa ye-terry inflorescences ekhanyayo, i-xeranthem ivumela ukuhlobisa noma iyiphi indawo. Lesi sitshalo singatshala kokubili ngokuhlukene futhi sihlangane nezinye izimbali, sakha izingoma ezinhle. 
I-Xerantemum ihlanganiswe ne-astrantia, i-salvia, i-yarrow. Lesi sitshalo sivame ukukhethwa njengomhlobiso we-flowerbed, njengoba imbali kulula ukuyigcina futhi ayidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokuphela kwezimbali, uyaqhubeka ejabulisa iso.
Sebenzisa ku-floristics
Ngokuvamile, i-xerantemum ikhulile ukusika ukudala izingqungquthela, izimbali ezakhiweni zombili ezisha futhi ezomile. Ngenxa yezinga elihle lokulondolozwa kwazo, imbali iyoma ngemuva kokusika, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umbala we-buds nokugcina umbala. Ukuze i-xeranthemum igcinwe ngangokunokwenzeka, inqunywe ngesikhathi lapho ama-buds engavuli ngokugcwele.
Kanti futhi ku-floristics bavame ukusebenzisa i-haretail, i-teasel, i-cumin sandy, i-gypsophila, i-heelipterum, i-asparagus, i-cochia, i-slipper kanye ne-roses eluhlaza.
Ngemuva kokuthi izitshalo zinqunywe, ziqoqwa ngezibambiso futhi zinconywa ukuba zifakwe amahlumela phansi. Ukomisa i-xerranem kufanele kube emakamelweni amnyama, omile - kuphela kuleli cala uzokwazi ukulondoloza isitshalo. I-dryer emumweni owomile iyakwazi isikhathi eside, okungenani iminyaka emibili ukugcina umbala ogqamile nokuma kwefihlekile.
Uyazi? Kungenzeka ukwenza izimbali ezomile zicacile, ngoba lokhu zisebenzisa isisombululo se-hydrochloric acid. Ukulungiselela kwalo kuthatha i-hydrochloric acid (1 ingxenye) namanzi (Izingxenye ezingu-12), hlanganisa konke ngokugcwele uphinde uthele amafihledi omisiwe ngokushesha kulolu ketshezi emasekhondini angu-4-5. Okulandelayo, ngomoya othuthumela futhi omisiwe ku-limbo.
Ngokuvamile i-kseranttemum ihlangene ngezimbali nezinye izimbali ezomile, izinyanga kanye nezinsuku zokuphela. Kuzimbali ezomile zonyaka, ezingafakwa ezitsheni ezine-xeranthemum, zifaka i-helihrizum, i-heelipterum, i-kermek. Phakathi kwezikhathi ezikhulayo ezihlanganiswe nalesi sitshalo, anafalis, i-gypsophilus, i-yarrow, i-pearl oyster, i-lavender ne-astilbe iyahlukaniswa. Ama-spikelets kakolweni angafakwa ezinhlotsheni ze-bouquets, okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okuhlobisa - umoya ophefumulayo kanye ne-lagurus, isixha sizosixhasa kahle i-lunaria ne-physalis.Ukukhula nokunakekela izitshalo
I-Xerantemum iyimbali engacabangi, ngakho ingakhula ekhaya ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Cabangela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungatshala kuphi nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani isitshalo sokuhlobisa.
Funda futhi ngezimbali ezingavamile njenge-sundew, passionflower, nepentes, orchis, hoya, camellia kanye ne-amorphofallus.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Ukukhula komgwaqo emgwaqeni, kubalulekile ukuyihlinzekela ngokwanele kwelanga, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo kumele sitshalwe eceleni kwesayithi, noma endaweni ene-penumbra elula. Uma kwenzeka izithombo ezikhulayo endlini, faka isitsha esitela eseningizimu. Amandla athatha okungajulile, angafika ku-10 cm ukuphakama, ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu ezindizeni, okungenani u-9 cm ububanzi. 
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Uma ukhula izithombo ze-xseranemum endlini, isitsha kumele sigcwaliswe ngomhlabathi okhanyayo, okhululekile, onomanzi; kungcono ukuwuthengisa esitolo esikhethekile. Ukuthengwa kwe-substrate efanelekayo yonke yezitshalo zezimbali. I-Xerantemum ensimini evulekile ikhetha ukukhula kumhlabathi obuncane wezakhi. Kufanelekile ukutshala kwalesi sitshalo sesitshalo esinesihlabathi nesihlabathi esingenayo i-acidity neutral.
Thola ukuthi iziphi umquba we-phosphate ne-potash enhle izitshalo.
Ukuze sikhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwefihlekile, kunconywa ukuba ukondle lesi sitshalo nge umanyolo oyingqayizivele obunzima ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium. Umanyolo onjalo uthengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, ezisetshenziselwa ukulandela imiyalelo, ekhonjiswa ngethangi ngokufaka umquba.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
I-Xerantemum isitshalo esingamelana nesomiso, ngakho-ke ukufudumala kwamanzi nokunisela akubalulekile ngokukhethekile. Ukunisela isitshalo kunconywa kuphela ekukhuleni izithombo kanye nangemva kokutshala kwayo emhlabathini ovulekile, kuze kube yilapho sekuqothulwa khona. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali iyanisela njalo, ngemuva kokushaywa phansi. Yeka ngokugcwele ukuchelela emva kokuba isitshalo sesandise ubuningi obuhlaza. 
Kubalulekile! Imbali inganisela ngesikhathi sezimbali kuphela uma kunomsola omude ekushiseni okukhulu.
Uhlobo lokushisa
Ukuze imbewu ihlume kanyekanye, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe sezingeni lika-+20 degrees. Kufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi imbewu ingase ife ngesikhathi se-frosts elula. Lesi sitshalo singabandeki, ngakho-ke singakwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwezinga lokushisa kuze kube ngu-+5 degrees. Njengoba imbali yonyaka, ihlwanyelwa isikhathi se-1, okungukuthi, ubusika bukhishwe. Uma le mbewu ingaqoqiwe ngesikhathi futhi ishaye inhlabathi, ngonyaka ozayo ukuzimela kungase kwenzeke, uma bengapheli ebusika. Ukuhluma kwembewu eyawela enhlabathini ekwindla kutholakala kuphela uma i-xeronetemum ikhule ezindaweni eziseningizimu ngamahora ashisayo. 
Ukuzala
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa imbali ngembewu. Ukukhula i-xeranthem kuphumelela kakhulu ngendlela ye-rassadny, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni imbewu ihlwanyelwa esitsheni, ebeka endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaMashi, futhi ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kukhishwa ngenyanga yokuqala ehlobo. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile nakho kwenziwa: kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho ukudonsa okunamandla kokushisa ebusuku kungabandakanywa. Uma imbewu ihlwanyelwe emhlabathini ovulekile, khona-ke indawo ihlanganiswe nefilimu ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala. Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini benza ama-grooves amancane (kufika ku-3 cm ngokujula), ukufafaza inhlabathi phezulu.
Kubalulekile! Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi uma izithombo ezikhulayo ensimini, ukufeza izimbali ze-xertemum kungenzeka kuphela ngenyanga edlule yehlobo.Lapho ukhula izithombo endaweni yokuhlala, ikhono likhethwe hhayi elijulile, ligcwele igesi elithengiwe ukufika ku-8 cm ukuphakama, kanti imbewu ihlwanyelwe ekujuleni kuka-0.5 cm. Isembozo somthamo ngefilimu noma ingilazi yeglasi. Ukuhluma izithombo kudinga ukunciphisa kokubili uma ukhulile endlini nangaphandle. Uma kwenzeka izithombo ezikhulayo ezigodini ezinkulu, ama-saplings amancane adonsela izingcezu ezingu-3 ngamunye, azifakisele embizeni ehlukile ngokulinganisa okungenani u-9 cm kanye ne-clock earthy. Uma usakhulile emgwaqweni, izithombo azitshisi, khona-ke indawo igcwele ikhabethe elinyene lika-xertemism.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Inqubo yokukhula i-xerranem ingabhekana nezinkinga ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhluma okuncane kwezithombo ngokungahambisani nokushisa;
- ukuhluma okusheshayo nokukhula kobumnyama obuhlaza ngokungahambisani nokuchelela njalo;
- ukungahloniphi kwesitshalo somuntu omdala onamaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza kakhulu, izimbali ezincane, noma ukungabikho kwazo;
- ukuphela okusheshayo kwezimbali lapho kungekho ukugqoka.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Lesi sitshalo simelana kahle nezifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane, kepha ngezinye izikhathi zihlushwa imvula enkulu noma ukuchelela, okuvusa ukubola kwesitshalo kanye nezimpande. Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukugcoba inhlabathi, ngoba i-xeranthem ayithandi umswakama obuningi futhi ukhetha ukuyenza ngaphandle kokuphuza ngisho nasezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo. Akusekho ukuphulukisa isitshalo uma ukubola kwenzeka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungavumeli.
Kuzinambuzane ezingabonakala ku-xertemum, faka:
- I-Gall nematode - imbungu emincane, ehlala emthonjeni, ivuselela izinkinga ekuthuthukiseni futhi iletha ukufa okusheshayo kwembali. Ezimpandeni zesitshalo esithintekayo nge-nematode, ukukhula okuphuzi kubonakala, okushesha ukuthi kube mnyama. Lesi sitshalo sinciphisa ukukhula, amaqabunga ama-curl, uhlelo lwempande luyeke ukusebenza. I-nematode ivela enhlabathini enomswakama kahle uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphakathi + 18 ... +25 degrees. Lezi zinambuzane zinganqotshwa besebenzisa ama-chemical agent njengeMercapthos noma i-Phosphamide. Kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokulandela imiyalelo ephaketheni. Ukuze ugweme ukubukeka kwe-nematodes ezimpandeni, kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi, ukuqeda ukuchelela ngokweqile, ungasebenzisi umanyolo obunzima wokunakekelwa kwezimbali.
- Aphid Leaf - imibala emincane yombala obomvu noma omnyama, odla izicubu zezitshalo, ikakhulukazi udle amaqabunga nezimbali. Ama-aphid adala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni, njengoba zingakwazi ukuphindaphinda masinyane, ukwakha amakoloni amakhulu ahlala ngokugcwele endaweni eluhlaza. Ngaphansi kwethonya lama-aphid, amaqabunga embali aphelile, ama-flower stalks afa, kanti izitshalo ezincane azimi futhi ngokushesha zimi. Indlela engcono kakhulu ekulweni nama-aphid yilezi: "Aktara", "Tanrek", "Confidor", esetshenziselwa ngokulandela imiyalelo ephaketheni. Ukuze kuvimbele isitshalo kumele kususwe njalo izimila, uhlole izitshalo ukukhomba izimpawu zokuqala zokubonakala kwama-aphid ezimbali, kanye nokubhubhisa ama-anthills.
Aphid Leaf.
Aphid Leaf.Uyazi? Ama-aphid angaveza uketshezi olumnandi oluheha izintuthwane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ama-aphid asethwe ngokukhethekile ezitshalweni eduze kwe-anthill.
I-Xerantemum ingahlobisa umbhede wakho wembali futhi igcwalise ngisho nokwakhiwa kwezimbali nezici ezithile zokuhlobisa. Ngenxa yokulula nokulula ekunakekeleni isitshalo, ukukhula imbali ehlobisa ekhaya akulula, futhi umphumela ngokuqinisekile uzokujabulisa.
