Ezolimo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwemishini ekhethekile. Yiqiniso, uma ulungisa indawo encane yomhlaba, ngeke kudingeke, kodwa uma usebenza ngokuzikhandla ekukhuleni izitshalo ezihlukahlukene noma ukukhulisa izilwane, kuyobe kunzima kakhulu ukwenza ngaphandle kwabasizi bamashini. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngakho enye ye-tractor ezidume kakhulu zasemakhaya, ngubani oye wasiza abalimi amashumi eminyaka. Yiqiniso, sikhuluma ngetrakta T-150, izici zobuchwepheshe ezasiza ekutholeni inhlonipho yonke.
I-Tractor T-150: incazelo nokuguqulwa
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nencazelo yemodeli, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Kunezinguqulo ezimbili ze-trekta T-150. Omunye wabo unenkambo elandelwe, futhi okwesibini uhamba ngosizo lwesondo. Zombili izinketho zigcwele, okuyinhloko ngenxa yamandla abo, ukwethenjwa nokulula ukusebenza. Kokubili amatarektri anesimo esifanayo, enesisindo samandla afanayo (150 hp.) Futhi ibhokisi legiar elihlanganisa isethi efanayo yezingxenye ezisele.
Uyazi? I-tractor yokuqala elandelwayo T-150 ikhishwe yi-Kharkov Tractor Plant ngoNovemba 25, 1983. Lesi sitshalo ngokwawo sasungulwa emuva ngo-1930, nakuba namuhla kubhekwa njengendabuko ephilayo ye-Soviet (manje eyi-Ukrainian) yobunjiniyela. Le nkampani ayigcinanga kuphela ukuncintisana kwayo, kodwa nayo yathola isimanje esiphelele, okuyivumela ukuba ibe nendawo efanele embonini yaseTurkey.
Izici zobuchwepheshe be-T-150 no-T-150 K (inguqulo yesondo) okufana kakhulu, okuchazwe yizici eziningana ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, izingxenye eziningi ezithintekayo zokuguqulwa nokulandelwa kwesondo ziguquguqukayo, okuyisici esihle uma usebenzisa imishini epulazini noma emabhizinisini ahlangene. Futhi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ugandaganda wesondo T-150 K, okwazi ukunyakaza okusheshayo cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlaba, usuvele usakazeke kakhulu kunomlingani olandelwayo.
Ezolimo, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa njengendlela yokuhamba ehamba phambili, futhi ukutholakala kwedrayivu yokuxhuma imishini ehlukene kakhulu yezolimo kanye nokwenzeka kwamagesi okuhamba ngesivinini esincane kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa ugandaganda wesondo cishe cishe zonke izinhlobo zomsebenzi wezolimo. Idivaysi ye-T-150 ugandaganda (noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa) okwenze umsizi othembekile ekusebenzeni kwenhlabathi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zase-Ukraine naseRussia, futhi wanikezwa ukushintshaniswa kwezingxenye, kungaba yisinqumo esinengqondo sokuhlomisa ipulazi ngemishini yombili.
Izici zegrekta yedivayisi T-150
I-tractor ye-crawler T-150 yakha ingcindezi encane emhlabathini, okuyinto eyatholwa ngenxa yamathayi afanelwe ama-wide wide of the front and back wheelset. Kwathatha indawo yayo ekusebenzeni komsebenzi wezolimo ngenguqulo ye-wheelsd ye-T-150 njengendlela ye-bulldozer, kodwa itholakala kancane kancane kunogandaganda olandelwayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngezici zesakhiwo se-trekta T-150, isisekelo se-chassis yaso siwuhlaka "lokuphuka", oluthiwa ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zigaba zizojikelezelana ezindizeni ezimbili, ezihlinzekwa ukutholakala kwe-hinge. Ukumiswa kwe-front chassis kuqhuma, kanye ne-balancer yangemuva. Ama-absorber okwehliswa yi-Hydraulic efakwe emihlanganweni yokuhlanganela yangaphambili yabaxhasi ihlose ukunciphisa amandla okushaqeka, ama-jolts nokudumala lapho ugandaganda ehamba endaweni engalingani. I-control main body ye-T-150, lapho umsebenzi we-chassis uhlanganiswa khona, isondo lokuqondisa.
Ugandaganda wanamuhla walesi simodeli unqothule enye yeziphambeko eziyinhloko zokuqala kwayo - ubukhulu obuncane besisekelo, obangela "i-yaw" yemoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwanda kwesayizi wesondo kwendiza ye-longitudinal kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwamathrekhi emhlabathini nokwenza ukuhamba kwemishini ibe lula.
Imishini yokunamathisela ye-trekta T-150 yayisasebenza futhi ihlala isebenza kahle Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-1983, cishe lutho aluguqukile. Ukulenga ezinye izingxenye zikagandaganda kuwo kunikezwa idivayisi engemuva emibili nesezintathu zokufaka ngamakhonkthi amabili (i-harness futhi ilandelwe). Ngosizo lwabo, ugandaganda ungafakwa ngezingxenye zezolimo nemishini ekhethekile (isibonelo, umlimi, umlimi, umlimi, ulandele ama-wide-gripping units, sprinkler, njll). Ukulayisha umthamo we-hitch ngemuva kwegrekta cishe ku-3 500 kgf.
Uma siqhathanisa amatekisi okuqala e-T-150 akhiqizwa e-USSR nasezinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla, mhlawumbe izinguquko ezinkulu ziyabonakala ekubukeni kweklabhu. Yiqiniso, ngonyaka ka-1983, abakhiqizi bemishini abazange banakekelwe induduzo yabantu ababezosebenza kuwo, futhi ukufakwa okuncane kule ndaba kwakubhekwa njengokunethezeka. Namuhla, yonke into ishintshile, futhi igumbi lomgogodla evamile kakade isakhiwo sensimbi esakhiwe phakathi nendawo evaliwe ngomsindo, i-hydro kanye nokufakwa kwe-thermal.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amatekisi wamatrakta anamuhla ajwayele ukushisa izinhlelo zokushisa, ama-windshield aphefumulayo, izibuko zokubukela zangemuva kanye nezihlungi. Indawo yazo zonke izilawuli ze-T-150 ugandaganda (kokubili okulandelwayo nohlobo olususwe) kanye nezinto zalo zokusebenza (kufaka phakathi ibhokisi legiar) lihlelwe ngokugcwele ukuze umshayeli asebenze kahle. Izihlalo ezimbili ezisekolini zilungiswa ukuphakama komshayeli futhi zihlonyelwe ukumiswa kwentwasahlobo.
Ukucabangela zonke lezi zici, kungenzeka ukuthi uthi ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha kanye nezinga lokududuza lomthamo omusha, we-trukta we-T-150, unzima ukufanisa nabalingani baseYurophu.
Uyazi? Ngesisekelo senye yezinguquko ezikhona ze-trekta T-150 ezihlukahlukene ezahlukene ezazakhiwa. Ngokuyinhloko, ngokusekelwe kulo, i-version yezempi ye-T-154 ikhishwe, okuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi wobunjiniyela kanye nalapho kukhishwa izinhlelo zokuzivikela ezingezona ezakhe, kanye ne-T-156, eyongezwa ibhakede lokulayisha.
Incazelo yezici zobuchwepheshe ze-T-150
Ukwenza kube lula ngawe ukuba ucabange ugandaganda T-150, ake sijwayele izici zayo eziyinhloko. Ubude besakhiwo ngu-4935 mm, ububanzi bayo bulingana no-1850 mm, futhi ukuphakama kwayo kungu-2915 mm. Isisindo sogandaganda T-150 singu-6975 kg (uma kuqhathaniswa: ubuningi be-version yezempi ye-T-154 eyenziwa ngesisekelo se-T-150 ngu-8100 kg).
I-trekta inokudluliselwa komshini: amagiya amane phambili namagare amathathu amathathu angemuva. Injini ye-T-150 ngokuyinhloko ikhula ngamalitha angu-150-170. pp., nakuba amandla amathrekhi wakamuva weTranskta T-150 avame ukudlula lezi zimiso futhi afinyelele kuma-alitha angu-180. c. (ngo-2100 rpm). Amasondo ayo anama-discs, anesilinganiso esifanayo (620 / 75Р26) futhi ahlanganiswa ngamathayi aphansi wezolimo, okuvame ukufakwa kuma-tractor ahlukene (T-150 ayikho). Kusukela uhlobo oluchazwe lobuchwepheshe ngaphezulu eklanyelwe ukwenza imisebenzi ehlobene nezwe, ke isivinini esikhulu se-T-150 sincane, kuphela 31 km / h kuphela.
Yonke lena yimingcele ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ifakwe ekucabangeni uma usebenzisa noma yimiphi imishini, noma kunjalo, inani lamapetroli adliwe ngugandaganda alibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa okusetshenziselwa ukushisa kuka-T-150 kuyi-220 g / kWh, okuyinto ehambelanayo nomqondo wokufinyeleleka ngokuphathelene nemishini enjalo.
Ukusebenzisa itektala kwezolimo, ukuhlola amathuba we-T-150
I-trekta elandelwe T-150 ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziphathelene nezinjongo zezolimo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ama-bulldozers, adalwe ngesisekelo salolu trekta, asetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokwakha, kanye nokulinganisa indawo, ukudala imigwaqo yokufinyelela noma ukwakha izakhiwo zokufakelwa ezakhiweni zasendlini. Ugandaganda onamandla futhi onokwethenjelwa u-T-150 usetshenziselwa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezinto zomkhakha wezolimo.
Ukuqondiswa kwe trekta, okuhlangene nejubane elikhulu lokunyakaza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwendlela yokudlulisa i-pendulum yezinto ezengeziwe ezithintekayo, kuvumela ukusebenzisa imishini yokuhlwanyela, ukulima, ukucubungula nokuvuna. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo olandelwayo uvame ukusetshenziselwa lapho wenza umsebenzi wokuvuna ekuphatheni izilwane, ikakhulukazi, lapho udala noma ugcwalisa imigodi ye-silage.
Izinzuzo kanye nokuqeda kwegrekta T-150
Uma ukhetha inqubo yokusebenza kusayithi lakho, sivame ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo eziningi zokukhetha, okuvame ukufana kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezintambo ezifana nobukhulu kanye nezici zesondo zingadlala indima eqondile endabeni yokuzikhethela, futhi lapha kufanele ucabange: ukuthenga, isibonelo, T-150 noma T-150 K. Phakathi kwezinzuzo ze-model echazwe kufanele kuvezwe:
- ukucindezelwa okunciphise emhlabathini (ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezibungu ezibanzi), ngakho-ke ukunciphisa imiphumela eyingozi emhlabeni ngokuphindwe kabili;
- ukunciphisa kathathu kwesikrini kanye nephesenti eliphezulu lezwe;
- Ukuncishiswa kwe-10% ekusetshenzisweni kukafutha uma kuqhathaniswa ne-wheel wheel;
- ukwanda okukhulu ekusebenzeni kobuchwepheshe;
- ukunyuka kwezokuphepha kwabasebenzi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwe-fuel low kanye nokukhululeka kokulawulwa ngogandaganda.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugandaganda u-T-150 walinganisa kangakanani, futhi lukhulu kakhulu, kunoma yikuphi kuyobe kwanda ukugqoka emgqeni wethrekhi, okuyinto futhi engalungile yale nqubo.
Ngokuvamile, ugandaganda we-T-150 usemise isikhathi eside njengomsizi onokwethenjelwa ekwenzeni imisebenzi yezolimo kanye nokwakhiwa, ngakho-ke ngeke kube yinto engafanele epulazini.
