Ujinja uyisitshalo esihlukile saseNingizimu Asia. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okucebile nezakhiwo eziwusizo kwamlethela ukuthandwa. Lokhu kuyimbiza yokuhlobisa, umuthi nezinongo. Izitshalo ezingumngcele zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile, kepha ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu kuphela ezinehlobo efudumele nelide. Ngendlela ama-ginger blooms, afana ne-bamboo ngama-buds.
Ujinja - lubukeka lunjani lwesitshalo
Ujinja ngumuthi ongapheli. Umbala wezinhlobonhlobo ezitshaliwe uncike ezinhlobonhlobo. Inephunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okuvutha, nokunambithekayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezilimo zezimpande: ezimnyama, ezingafakwa ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa nezimhlophe, ezihlanzwa kusuka kungqimba ephezulu.
Isinongo esisebenzayo efasiteleni
Ujinja: ikhula kanjani futhi kuphi? Manje lesi sitshalo asitholakali kakhulu esimweni semvelo. Indawo esemqoka yokukhula kwezimpande ezivuthayo yiChina neNdiya. Ngenhloso yezimboni, izinongo zitshalwa eBrazil, Australia nakwamanye amazwe anesimo sezulu esishisayo.
Nakani! E-Russia, ungahluma izimbali ze-ginger njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa noma isitshalo sonyaka esizeni esiseduze kwendlu.
Izici eziwusizo zempande
Ujinja une-expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antimicrobial, diaphoretic effect. Isetshenziselwa umkhuhlane, izifo zohlelo lokuphefumula, lwezinhlaka zesisu nokuzala. Umphumela omnene we-laxative ne-choleretic ukuvumela ukubhekana nezinkinga zendlela yokugaya ukudla. Lesi sitshalo sehlisa ushukela wegazi, sivuselele ukuhamba kwegazi, futhi sihlanza imithambo yegazi yama-cholesterol plaque. Amafutha we-ginger abalulekile athuthukisa ukuguquguquka, asuse izimpawu ze-premenstrual syndrome.
Ngaphandle kohlu olukhulu lwezakhiwo eziwusizo, amasiko anokulinganiselwa okuningi. Isinongo asivunyelwe kubantu abanezifo zokugaya ukudla (i-colitis, ulcer esiswini). Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa impande ngesikhathi sokuncelisa nokuzala ingane. Umkhiqizo wezidakamizwa ungavimbela ukukhula kwezifo eziningi futhi uthuthukise inhlala-kahle jikelele.
Ukukhetha iTuber Yokuzalela
Ukulungiselela Ukutshala Ijinja
Ngaphambi kokuthi ukhule i-ginger ekhaya, kufanele wazi zonke izigaba zenqubo. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala nguFebhuwari-Mashi. Ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhanya nokushisa, i-ginger ingatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngaphambi kokubeka imbali yezimbali endlini, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi i-Asia yindawo yokuzalwa yamasiko. Kufanele kube yindawo enelanga futhi efudumele, ekushiseni bathatha i-ginger bayise kuvulandi noma kuveranda.
Ungayikhetha kanjani impande yokutshala
Ngokukhula, thatha isitshalo kuphela ngesimo esisha. Ungathola futhi imbewu ye-ginger, kodwa iyindlela ende futhi ebizayo. Impande kufanele ibe mnene ngama-elementi aqhakaza esikhunjeni kanye nesikhumba esincane. Ujinja onemicu eveziwe, indawo eyomile nebunile ayilungele ukutshala. Amahlumela afana nokuhluma kwamazambane.
Isikhubekiso
Imikhiqizo esitolo ivame ukucutshungulwa ngenhlanganisela ekhethekile ukuze ingakwazi ukumila nokugcina ubuqotho ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Hlanza kahle lo ungqimba noma ushiye i-ginger kosuku emanzini. Izidakamizwa ze-antiseptic azisebenzi kangako: i-baking soda, i-phytosporin ne-potanganum permanganate. Thatha i-tsp eyi-1 ukuya engilazini yamanzi. noma yiziphi izindlela futhi zigezwe ngenhlanganisela yezimpande.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi kanye nembiza
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-ginger, udinga ukukhetha umthamo ofanele nenhlabathi. Kuyazithoba, kepha kudinga i-substrate ekhethekile. Kunconywa ukuzimela ngokuzimela ukulungiselela inhlabathi kusuka ku-humus deciduous, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus, okuzogcwalisa impande ngazo zonke izinto eziwusizo.
Ukutshala izinongo ezweni
Kwangaqhakaza esitsheni esincane. Uma uhlela ukukhulisa i-ginger ukukhulisa uhlelo lwezimpande, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha imbiza ebanzi, kodwa hhayi ejulile.
Kubalulekile! Lapho utshala i-ginger emhlabathini, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokudonsa amanzi nangokuba khona kwezimbobo ezansi ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi.
Khula ginger ekhaya kusuka nezilimo eziyizigaxa izimpande
Ukutshala isitoko ngemuva kokubulala amagciwane kubekwe emhlabathini, futhi amandla okuqala wesitshalo azobonakala emva kwezinyanga ezi-2. Ngalesi sikhathi, abalimi baqala ukusola ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukutshala isihlahla. Ukusheshisa ukukhula, kufanele uvuse ama-buds ngaphambi kokutshala. Le nqubo ihlala ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-2. Likhula kuphi i-ginger? Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhluma okungenamakhaza - emanzini nakuma-moss aluhlaza.
Kumakhosi aluhlaza
Ngaphansi komthamo ophakeme ufakwe umugqa we-moss, kusuka phezulu izimpande zesitshalo zibekwe kanye nezinso phezulu. Ungatshala kanjani i-ginger evuthayo ku-moss eluhlaza? Abalimi batusa ukubeka ungqimba oluncane lwe-sphagnum ngaphezulu kwe-ginger bese ulithululela ngamanzi afudumele kancane. Isitsha kufanele sitholakale efasiteleni, eduze ne-heater noma ibhethri. Ukushisa kuzokuvumela ukuthi uvuse ngokushesha izinso zezinongo.
Emanzini
Kuyasiza ukubhekana nokufika emanzini. Izimpande zidinga ukutshalwa ezimalini zokhuni, zimiswe ngaphezulu kwesitsha samanzi ukuze ingxenye engezansi ye-rhizome isemanzini. Bheka njalo izinga lamanzi ethangini. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, uhlelo lwezimpande lunqunywa lube yizicucu ukuze kulo ngalinye lazo kube nezimbila ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ezivuthiwe. Izingxenye ezivela lapho izinso zisuswe khona ziphathwa ngamalahle.
Amahlumela owakhiwe ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana, afana nokuhlukaniswa kwamazambane ngaphambi kokutshala. Engxenyeni ngayinye kufanele kube okungenani umbhangqwana, futhi okungenani ama-3 aqhume. Zonke izigaba zigcotshwe ngomlotha noma ngamalahle.
Ungasinakekela kanjani isitshalo ekhaya
Ujinja isiko lasezindaweni ezishisayo elidinga ukukhanya okuningi. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kubangela ukushiswa kwamaqabunga, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha indawo empumalanga noma entshonalanga.
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
Lapho ubeka ibhodwe enxenyeni eseningizimu, iwindi linombala ngekhethini. Umbuso wokushisa ofanele ungama-25-30 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-zero, kepha ebusika i-18-20 ойдет nayo iyafaneleka. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngezansi kwe- +15 ℃, isitshalo sehibernates nokunisela kuyamiswa ngalesi sikhathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuphaphama okungazelelwe kokushisa kuyingozi kumahlumela we-ginger.
Imithetho yokunisela nomswakama
Isitshalo sidinga inhlabathi enomswakama, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi, ukuze singavuseleli ukubola kwezimpande. Inhlabathi eyomile ayamukeleki ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala uhlelo lwezimpande. Amaqabunga aphuzi akhombisa ukufaka amanzi, kanti amanye awile futhi abunile axwayisa ngokuntuleka kwamanzi.
Umswakama ophezulu kufanele ugcinwe njalo, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho abasebenza ukushisa basebenza. Amahlamvu kumele aniselwe nsuku zonke ngesibhamu sokufafaza.
Umanyolo nomanyolo
Ama-nati afakwa lapho kuvela amahlumela wokuqala. Phakathi kokugqoka kufanele kuthathe amasonto ama-2. Umanyolo we-organic, ama-complexes anamaminerali, amanzi ane-mullein (10: 1) afanelekile njengamanyolo. Lesi sitshalo asondliwa ebusika nasekwindla sekwephuzile.
Ingabe udinga ukuthenwa
Inqubo incike enjongweni yokukhula ginger. Ukuthena akudingeki uma kuhloselwe ubuhle. Ngokupheka nemithi, kungcono ukusika amagatsha ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande, kunokuba ngeziqu ezingaphezulu.
Isiko elihle lezimbali ezishisayo
Lapho ginger blooms
Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo noma ngonyaka wesithathu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ngokuhambisana nombuso wesimo sezulu. Imbali eyodwa noma eziningi zingavela, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Umbala ususela ophuzi kuye obomvu okubunjiwe.
Izici Zokuvuna
Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuvunwa, kuyadingeka ukumisa i-hydration ukuze isitshalo somile futhi sigobe emhlabathini. Isihlahla sikhishwa kanye nenhlama yomhlaba, inhlabathi inyakaziswa kancane kwizihlebe. Ngemuva kwalokho impande yokutshala isuswe, iziqu zinqunywe futhi zihlanzwa ngamabhulela amanzi. Ijinja ingadliwa ngokushesha noma ilungiselelwe ukugcinwa ngenkathi igcina inyama, ukuqina nokuthamba.
Ukulinywa kukajinja endaweni evulekile ezweni
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo singama-perennial, sifinyelela ku-2 m ukuphakama, siqhakaza iminyaka engama-2-3. Isikhathi semifino kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-8 kuye kwezingu-9. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu ngu-24-26 -26. Izithombo zitshalwa enhlabathini lapho isithwathwa sishiya ngokuphelele. Izinga lokushisa engadini akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-18 ℃. Indawo yokuhlala yesitshalo iyadingeka emakhazeni ebusuku.
Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla se-ginger, izithombo kufanele zenziwe lukhuni, amahlumela awo afinyelela ku-10-15 cm. Amathangi anezithombo kuqala akhishwe ngaphandle amahora ayi-1.5 emthunzini, bese amahora angama-5-6 bese kuthi ngosuku. Ngaphambi kokutshala, wonke amahlumela asuswa ezingxenyeni zezimpande, ashiye eyodwa kuphela ngesikhathi.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Izicucu ziphathwa ngamalahle. Kukhethwe umbhede obubanzi obungama-80 cm endaweni ekhanyisiwe ngaphandle kokuhlelwa okungakapheli. Izitshalo zisuswa ngokucophelela ethangini, elitshalwe ngemigqa emibili kude ne-35 cm no-25 cm phakathi kwezihlahla.
Lapho izinongo zikhula zibe ngu-20 cm, ukuhanjiswa kuyadingeka. Iphindwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10. Ukuvikela i-ginger, i-canopy iyakhiwa, inyakamiswe ngamanzi afudumele futhi ihlanganiswe nesixazululo se-mullein. Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambi kokuvunwa, kufakwa umquba nge-potassium. Ukuhlanza kwenziwa ekupheleni kwehlobo ngamahlamvu aphuzi ngokwengxenye. Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokumbiwa, ukuthambisa kumisiwe, bese izimpande zisuswa enhlabathini ziyahlanzwa futhi zomiswe.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala izinongo, khetha indawo enokhanyo kahle, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ntambama. Mboza lesi sitshalo ngalesi sikhathi. Akufanele kube nomoya onamandla we-gusty, ngokunengqondo - ukungabikho kokungalungiswa. Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, i-ginger itshalwe kangcono endaweni ebamba ukushisa.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Isitshalo sidinga inhlabathi ekhethekile. Kufanele iqukethe isihlabathi, umhlabathi omfushane kanye namaqabunga amaqabunga ku-1: 1: 2. Abanye abalimi bathi inhlabathi evulekile yanele i-ginger. Ungakhohlwa ngokudonsa amanzi ngaphansi kwesipayisi ngendlela yamatshe amahle.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu yejinja
Kunzima ukuthola imbewu yezitshalo ethengiwe. Ngokuvamile, abalimi abaqalayo bayabafuna. Ngemuva kokuthenga, zibekwa enhlabathini elula ngaphandle kokujula. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngesikhwama esisobala, sakha umphumela wegreenhouse. Nsuku zonke zomoya futhi zinisele. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Lapho kukhona iqabunga okungenani elilodwa, i-ginger itshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Ngonyaka wokuqala bakha umswakama ophezulu, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya okukhona. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, lesi sitshalo siyambiwa bese impande ihlukaniswe.
Ishubhu esishisayo nelinephunga
Izinkinga ezikhulayo, izifo kanye nezinambuzane
Ujinja uthathwa njengesiko elivimbela amagciwane nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Lapho ukhula izitshalo, ungahlangana nenkathazo enjenge-spider mite. Bambona ngama-folks kumahlamvu aphuzi kanye nokuqina kweziqu. Ukwenza iwebhu ibonakale, kunconywa ukunisela isivuno.
Ungasusa kanjani isibungu sesicabucabu:
- Isitshalo kufanele sithole umswakama omningi kanye nomswakama. Inkinga ihlala ivela ngokuntuleka kwamanzi. I-figsge kufanele igezwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi ngaphansi kwe-shawa, isonga uhlelo lwezimpande kanye ne-flowerpot esikhwameni sepulasitiki.
- Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula izinambuzane ukusetshenziswa kwama-insecticides. Kuyadingeka ukucubungula isiko kanye ngesonto. Izinti ezibekwe endaweni yezimbali azenzi okuphikisana nokubopha.
Kubalulekile! Uma kudliwa izinongo, kungcono ukungasebenzisi izinambuzane, kepha mane nje hlikihla amahlamvu notshwala.
Ujinja usiza ukubhekana nokubanda, unikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile ekudleni, futhi uwoyela wawo uzothuthukisa isimo sesikhumba. Umkhiqizo wonkana uyathengwa esitolo, kepha ukufika kodwa kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ephezulu kanye nobungani bemvelo. Ngaphambi kokukhula, kufanele wazi imithetho yokukhetha izimpande nokunakekela, izindlela zokukhiqiza, ukuthi i-ginger ikhula kanjani, isikhathi sezimbali nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ongahlangabezana nazo.
