Imbali ye-Echmea - ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha ekhaya

I-Ehmeya - imbali engowomndeni wakwaBromeliad. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-180 zezilimo. Ku-vivo, bavame ukukhula eMelika. Manje lolu siko seluqalile ukukhula ekhaya, ngoba lunokunakekelwa kwezimbali ezinhle nokunakekela okungathathi ntweni.

Kubukeka kanjani ukuthi yimuphi umndeni

I-Echmea iyi-epiphyte engowomndeni wakwaBromeliad futhi iyisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sikaphayinaphu. Isiko libhekwa njengesitshalo sangemuva esinamaqabunga amade anesikhumba.

I-Ehmeya - isitshalo esihle somhlobiso

Lapho ukhula indlu, imbali ayidluli ku-30-90 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga awo afinyelela ku-20-50 cm.Amazinyo amancane emaphethelweni. Amacembe akha umgoqo oyindilinga, maphakathi kwawo kukhona irosette. Ukusuka ngenhla zimbozwe imichilo kanye namabala ahlelwe ngokungahleliwe.

Kafushane ngomlando wokubukeka

Lesi sitshalo savela eMelika eseMelika - ikakhulukazi, eMexico. Kulesi sifunda, iyakhula, igxilile ezihlahleni. Imbali idla amanzi ne-humus, eqoqana endaweni okukhishwa kuyo.

Naphezu kwesifunda sokukhula, isiko lelo ligama lesiGrikhi. Okushiwo yikho "isicephu se-spade." Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama lesitshalo esingaziwa saba yiqhawe lefilimu eyaziwayo - iPrince of Ehmey Gemazwe.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Ukukhulisa i-ehmeya enhle, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kufanele kube okuphelele.

Ukushisa

Isitshalo sivela emaphethelweni afudumele, ngakho-ke kubhekwa njenge-thermophilic. Ehlobo, udinga izinga lokushisa lama- + 20-16 degrees, ebusika - ukusuka ku- + 17-18 degrees.

Isibani

Imbali yangaphakathi ingabekwa ezindaweni ezihlukile zegumbi. Ngokuvamile kukhula kufasitela elikhanyiswe kahle futhi kubekezeleleke umthunzi oyinxenye kahle. Kuyinto engathandeki ukubeka i-ehmey efasiteleni elisenyakatho. Kulokhu, kunobungozi bokuntuleka kokukhanya. Kufanele inxephezelwe ngama-phytolamp. Ukushoda kokukhanya kuhambisana nokushintshwa kombala wamaqabunga. Iba nsundu ngokwengeziwe futhi ingashintshi.

Ukunisela

Isiko lidinga umswakama ofanele womhlabathi. Kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala, imbali kufanele iniselwe okungenani kathathu ngesonto ngamanzi ahleliwe. Uketshezi kufanele uthelwe endaweni yokuphuma yezimbali. Ebusika, inani lokunisela liyancishiswa.

Ukufafaza

Isitshalo singokwama-epiphytes. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpande zaso zisetshenziselwa ukushesha. Amaqabunga anesibopho sokondliwa kwembali exotic, ngakho-ke ukufafaza ngukuthi okunisela okuphambili kwesitshalo se-echmea. Ekwindla nasebusika, le nqubo ayivamile, kepha akunconywa ukuyikhipha ngokuphelele.

Umswakama

Ukugcina umswakama ojwayelekile uzungeze imbali, udinga ukufafazwa nsuku zonke. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukubeka ebhodweni esikhwameni ngamatshe amanzi. Okungabalulekanga kangako ukufakwa komoya okuhleliwe kwegumbi lapho kukhula khona isiko.

Inhlabathi

Lapho ukhetha inhlabathi ye-ehmei, kudingeka unikeze inhlabathi ukukhanya okukhanyayo nenomoya, ongabambi manzi. Kungcono ukuxuba ngokulingana ngokulingana kwe-turf nenhlabathi enamaqabunga. Futhi, uhhafu wesihlabathi kanye ne-humus kufanele ungezwe ekwakhiweni. Ukwenza inhlabathi ibe nomoya omningi, kubalulekile ukwethula amagxolo, i-sphagnum, namalahle.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, i-ehmeya enemigqa idinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe. Umanyolo kunconywa ukuthi usetshenziswe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Kulokhu, imikhiqizo yamaminerali eyenzelwe i-Bromeliad ifanelekile. Umanyolo we-Liquid kufanele uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Enye yazo ithululelwa emhlabathini, eyesibili ibe yindawo yokuphehla ugesi.

Imbali enobuthi noma cha

Abantu abaningi babheka lesi sitshalo sinobuthi ngoba ujusi wayo ungashiya ukushiswa esikhunjeni. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho unakekela i-echmea enemigqa ekhaya. Ukufakelwa kanye nokusakazwa kwesiko kwenziwa ngamagilavu.

Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani

Isitshalo sinezimbali ezinhle. Ukwenza ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla, udinga ukukunakekela kahle.

Ngabe iqhuma kanjani? Kwi-peduncle enkulu efana nomcibisholo, kuvela ama-inflorescences ngesimo sendlebe noma ukwethuka. I-bractome ibukeka kahle kakhulu kunezimbali ngokwazo. Kungaba nombala ocebile obomvu noma opinki.

Isikhathi sezimbali

Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyabonakala ngonyaka we-5 wokuphila kwesitshalo. Lapho kuvela izimbadada zezimbali, izimbali ziyavela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Kwi-vivo, bangaba khona kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ekhaya bazofuna ngokushesha okukhulu. I-bract, lapho izithelo zakhelwa kuyo, ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Isitshalo sinezimbali eziqhakaza kakhulu

Izihlahla

Ukunakekela i-echmea akudingi ukuthi kube nokuthenwa okuhleliwe. Amaqabunga amasiko anesibopho sokudla kwawo. Uma amaqabunga enempilo esuswa, isivuno singafa.

Ukuzalela

Njengoba ukuthengiswa kufa ngemuva kokuba ama-inflorescence abunile, abafuyi bayaphoqelelwa ukusabalalisa isivuno ngokuhlelekile. Le yinqubo elula, ngoba izingane zinezimpande ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Ukusika isiqu sokutshala ngeke kuphumelele. Unesiqu esincane esingeke sikhule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo sizofa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-ehmei kwenziwa ngezinqubo. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwesihlahla somama sekuqediwe, ukuphuma kuyanikeza izingane futhi ziyafa. Inqubo yokubuna ihamba kancane. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingane ziya ngokuqina futhi zikhule.

Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ukuphuma kwendodakazi kuzimpande ezijwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi lapho ifinyelela ku-2/3 yokuphakama kwesiko likamama. Ukuze usakaze imbali, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

1. Khipha isitshalo epanini bese ususa inhlabathi.
2. Yenza ukusika okulimaza kancane izimpande zengane.
3. Fafaza indawo ethintekile ngamalahle noma ushoko.
4. Gcwalisa imbiza nge-cm engu-10 cm nge-substrate enezakhi.
5. Tshala ingane bese uyimboza ngembiza noma isikhwama. Kubalulekile ukufaka lesi sitshalo nsuku zonke.
6. Kuyadingeka ukugcina umswakama wenhlabathi uvikele njalo i-ehme elangeni.
7. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, kufanelekile ukubheka ukukhula kwezimpande.
8. Uma beqala ukukhula kwabo, ibhodwe kufanele lifakwe endaweni entsha futhi isiko kufanele linakekelwe ngokuphelele.

Lapho isihlahla sikhula, sizodinga ukutshalwa kabusha. Uma izingane eziningana sezitshaliwe, zidinga ukutshala.

Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa

U-Ehmey akasatshalaliswa ngale ndlela. Isiqu sesiko asiguqi futhi asakhi izimpande zasemoyeni. Kungcono ukuzala isitshalo ngenzalo.

U-Ehmey okusatshalaliswa inzalo

Ukufakelwa

Isiko alinconywa ukufakelwa kaningi. Ngosizo lwezimpande, uthola okungenani umsoco. Kunconywa ukuhambisa isiko endaweni entsha kanye eminyakeni emi-3.

Izinkinga ezikhulayo

Lapho uzalela isivuno, kukhona ubungozi bezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Kaningi kubangelwa ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekela isitshalo.

Kungani imbali ingaqhakaza

Izizathu zokuntuleka kwezimbali:

• ukukhanyisa okunganele;
• umswakama ophansi ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwesiko;
• izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwama- +18 degrees noma ngaphezulu kuka-+35;
• umphumela wokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile;
• umswakama oqinile wenhlabathi - ukumiswa kwamanzi kucasulwa inqubo yokubola kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ukuze usebenzise inqubo yezimbali, ungaphendukela kulezi zinyathelo:

• Faka ama-apula noma obhanana obunjiwe enhlabathini enomswakama. Njengoba izithelo zonakalisa, zishintshe zibe zintsha.
• Ukuhlinzeka isiko ngemibandela yokushisa abamba ukushisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungamboza ngembiza noma isikhwama sengilazi. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse okungenani libe ngama-degree angu-25.
• Faka umoya omncane esitshalweni futhi ulawule umswakama wenhlabathi.

Ngokwesilinganiso, izindlela zokuvuselela umzimba zikuvumela ukuthi uthole isitashi sezimbali izinsuku eziyi-10.

Kungani ehmei aphuzi, awomile futhi angawa amaqabunga

Imvamisa, amaqabunga esiko aphenduka aphuzi ngenxa yokuqalwa kwezifo zokukhunta. Ngokubonakala kokubola kwezimpande, kuphuzi kanye nokufa kwamaqabunga kuyabhekwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo lube mnyama kanye nama-rots.

Ngokuphula imithetho yokunakekelwa, lesi sitshalo sihlushwa izifo zokukhunta

Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kusiza ukuvikela ukufa kwesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uwukhiphe emhlabathini, uhlole uhlelo lwezimpande futhi unciphise izingcezu ezithintekile.

Lapho-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele sidluliselwe ezweni elisha bese sihanjiswa endaweni efudumele futhi enokhanya kahle. Ngomonakalo obalulekile, unganciphisa phezulu kwamagatsha amasha. Lokhu kuzosiza ukonga amandla wezitshalo.

Izinambuzane

I-Echmea ingathintwa izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka imikhaza, izinambuzane ezikalwa esikalini, kanye nezibungu. Ukubhekana nama-parasites, aphathwa ngekhambi lensipho. Uma kungasizi, kufanele usebenzise ukusetshenziswa kwama-insecticides.

Ezinye izinkinga

Ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekela lesi sitshalo kuvusa ukulahleka kwamahlamvu okuhlobisa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo:

• Ukubonakala kokuqina ebusweni bamaqabunga. Lokhu kukhombisa umswakama onganele.
• Amaqabunga e-puckering. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuntuleka komswakama. Uma ngemuva kokunisela abazange balulame, khona-ke kunezinkinga ngohlelo lwezimpande.
• Amacembe aphuzi kanye nokulahleka kwephethini le-motley. Izimpawu ezinjalo zikhombisa ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
• Ukwehlulwa kwamaqabunga nesiqu sokubola. Kulokhu, izimpande zesitshalo azikwazi ukulondolozwa. Izinkinga ezinjalo zihambisana nomswakama ngokweqile kanye nokushisa okuphansi.

Ukwephulwa kwezincomo zabatshali bezimbali kuvusa ushintsho kumbala wamaqabunga

Izinhlobo zezitshalo

Izinhlobo ze-ehmei:

1. I-Echmea enemigqa noma i-fasciata. Isitshalo esihle somhlobiso, sifinyelela ku-60 cm ukuphakama. Amacembe abunjiwe nge-Belt, ambozwe ngemivimbo emfushane, abonakala ngawo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-echmea yeSibonelo, noma i-aechmea yezinhlobonhlobo zeFasciata, ingaqhakaza ehlobo lonke.
2. I-Sparkling Ehmeya noma i-Blue Rain. Kubonakala ngosayizi ocwebezelayo namahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo. I-Blue Rhine Ehmeya isethukile ama-inflorescence ngezimbali eziningi ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-coral bract.
3. Imibala emibili ehmeya. Lokhu kumelana kakhulu namathonya angaphandle ahlukahlukene ngombala ongajwayelekile wamahlamvu. Ngaphezulu ziluhlaza, futhi ngezansi - zibomvu-zibomvu. Izimbali zinombala obomvu obomvana.
4. Ehmey Weilbach. Lesi sitshalo sibonisa inguquko yasekuqaleni kumithunzi yamahlamvu. Esisekelweni zibomvu okuluhlaza okotshani, okuseleyo kune-tint ejwayelekile eluhlaza. Amabhasi afinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50. Aphawuleka ngama-inflorescence e-racemose akhanyayo. Amabhulashi ane-tint ebomvu, kanti izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
5. I-echmea iyathanjiswa noma inentshebe. Lesi siko esincane sine-compact rose yombala oluhlaza ogcwele. Imbali le iboniswa ngamabritish abomvu-orange. Izimbali zinombala wegolide.

Izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ziyaziwa.

I-Ehmeya isitshalo esihle somhlobiso esivame ukuvunwa ngabatshali bezimbali. Ukuze isiko lijabulise ukuqhakaza okuningana okude ngangokunokwenzeka, lidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi.