Monarda - ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile

IMonarda iyimbali evela emndenini kaLabial. Kungokwesigaba sezitshalo ezingapheli zonyaka nezonyaka. Lesi sitshalo somhlobiso siqanjwa ngudokotela waseSpain nodokotela wezitshalo uNicholas Monardes. Ngo-1574, washicilela incwadi echaza isiko futhi wayibiza ngokuthi yenziwa nguMfazi weNkosazana. Isitshalo sinikezwe izakhiwo eziwusizo futhi sinokubukeka okuhle.

Izici Zobuntu beMonarda

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-20 ze-monarda. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zingatshalwa engadini. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zesiko lokuhlobisa:

• I-lemon noma i-citrus monarda. Ukuphakama kwonyaka kungamasentimitha ayi-15-95. I-inflorescence iqukethe ama-whorls angama-5-7 anezimbali ezincane ze-lilac. Imbali ingasetjenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa nofana esiphundu.
• ILambada I-Hybrid ihlukaniswe ososayensi baseDashi. Ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga zesitshalo kuvela ukunambitheka kalamula.
• Dot Monarda (ihhashi mint). Inemibala emangalisa egqamile yamapuleti amaqabunga, adwetshwe ngemibala yama-salmon. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufinyelela ku-80 cm.
• Isigaxa esiphindwe kabili. Ukukhula okungapheli kufinyelela kuma-75-80 cm. Inobhejane elikhula ngokulingene. Iziqu ziyisitashi. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza akhonjwe esicongweni naphansi. Ubude bamahlamvu bufika ku-12 cm. Umbala wama-stipule ubomvu. Ama-inflorescence angama-lilac noma onsomi.

Okunhlobonhlobo kweLemon

• I-Duochny monard. EYurophu, sikhule njengesiqholo. Ukuphakama kweziqu kungamasentimitha angama-65-120. Amahlamvu ambozwe izinwele ezacile. Izimbali zinjengotshani futhi zipendwe ngombala we-lilac. I-inflorescences iyindilinga, cm cm cm.
• I-hybrid monarda (i-monarda hybrida). Hlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ezifuyelwe eJalimane ezivela kwizindela ze-kanambambili ne-duarch. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungamasentimitha ayi-100. Ama-inflorescence apendwe ngombala onsomi (onsomi ka-Mona Lisa), obomvu, omhlophe, opinki (Pink Lace), amathoni e-burgundy noma e-lavender. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo: i-monarda ebomvu, i-monard iBlue Pue ne-monard eCambridge Scarlet. Akukho ukubukeka okumangazayo okubukeka njenge-monard Terry Tale, Gadenvie Scarlet noSpice.
• I-Monarda Fireball. Umuthi ongapheli ukhula ube ngu-75-80 cm ukuphakama. I-rhizome yezinhlobonhlobo ikhula ngokuqondile. Ama-inflorescence agqekeza.

IMonarda: ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile

Ekhaya, isiko lingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zembewu, noma ngokutshala izithombo ngaphambi kokuthengwa kwezithombo emhlabathini.

Ukutshala imbewu

Isikhathi sokutshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile kuya ngesifunda esikhulayo se-monarda. Emazweni aseningizimu lokhu kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, nasemazweni abandayo maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi. Inqubo

1. Khetha indawo efanelekile, bambe futhi ukhulule inhlabathi.
2. Tshala imbewu ezindaweni ezihlanganisiwe.
3. Ifafazwe ngesendlalelo esincane somhlabathi.
4. Hambisa inhlabathi ngokukhululeka.
5. Mboza indawo efikayo ngocezu lwefilimu kuze kuvele amahlumela.
6. Khipha ifilimu imizuzu eyi-5 ukuya kwe-5 ukuze ifakwe umoya omncane, bese uthambisa inhlabathi njengoba isendlalelo esingaphezulu soma.

Izitshalo ezikhulwe ngale ndlela zidluliselwa kwenye indawo ngonyaka. Izimbali kufanele zilindelwe ezinyangeni eziyi-12.

Ukutshala izithombo

1. Njengoba ukhethe indawo yokutshala izimbali, bamba inhlabathi.
2. Ngemuva kokukhulula inhlabathi, bamba izimbobo zezithombo.
3. Emthonjeni ngamunye, uthele amanzi emvula axazululiwe.
4. Beka izimpande zesithombo emgodini, ugcwalise okuphumayo ngomhlabathi ovundile.
5. Nyakazisa inhlabathi lapho isiza khona. Ngonyaka ofanayo, izimbali eziningi zingalindelwa.

Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi

IMonarda idinga ukuthambisa ngokulingana nangokujwayelekile. Esikhathini somile, inhlabathi iyamanziswa njalo kusihlwa. Ngo-Ephreli noMeyi, isiko lokuhlobisa liniselwa ngamanzi afudumele.

Ibanga eliphindwe kabili

Ngemuva kwenqubo ngayinye yokuthambisa, kuyadingeka ukukhulula umhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande. Ukhula lokhula kufanele lususwe embhedeni wezimbali ukuze lungaphazamisi ukukhula okugcwele nokukhula kwesitshalo.

Izindlela zokuzala

IMonarda isakazeka ngezindlela eziningi. Ngokuvamile, abatshali bezimbali basebenzisa indlela yembewu echazwe ngenhla, kepha ungatshala isivuno ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, ukusika noma izingcezu zezimpande.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Inqubo yenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba lesi sitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokuvuka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Inqubo

1. Gxilisa isitshalo ngokukhulu ukucophelela.
2. Usebenzisa ummese obukhali, hlukanisa uhlelo lwezimpande ukuze amahlumela ambalwa nengxenye yezimpande zihlale kusuka esitshalweni.
3. Phatha indawo yokusikeka ngomlotha wezinkuni ukusheshisa inqubo yokuphola.
4. Emigodini efakiwe yokulungiselela faka i-Delenki. Intamo yezimpande kufanele ibe sezingeni lomhlabathi.

Ukusakazwa ngezigaba zezimpande

Le ngenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuzalela i-monarda. Inqubo yenziwa kahle kakhulu ngoMashi, kuze kube yilapho ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela sekuqalile. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

1. Usebenzisa ifosholo elibukhali, sinqume ingxenye yamahlumela kanye nohlelo lwezimpande.
2. Indawo yokusikeka iphathwa ngomlotha wezinkuni.
3. Bumba izimbobo ngokuphumula okungama-40-50 cm.
4. Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane ezindlini zokuphumula, gcwalisa imithombo ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
5. Kutshalwe izihlahla zokuzamazama kakhulu.

Izimbumbulu

Ukuvunwa okusikiwe ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kulokhu, amahlumela amancane aluhlaza akhiwa ngo-10-20 cm ubude, izigaba ziphathwa ngeKornevin. Izimbumbulu ezitshalwe emhlabathini zimbozwe ngeziqukathi zepulasitiki. Ungazifaka ku-greenhouse.

Ukubuka okuhlanganisiwe kweLambada

Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyasetshenziswa ngenkathi yokukhula nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Entwasahlobo, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi Kumitha ngayinye yesikwele, i-40-45 g yomanyolo iyadliwa.

Ekupheleni kwehlobo nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-monarda idinga ukudla okungeziwe okuqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Amagremu omile ayavala enhlabathini. Ukugqoka kancane kuyancibilika futhi uma kuniselwa kungena ohlelweni lwezimpande. Umanyolo usiza ukukhuthaza ukuqhakaza.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amahlahla kufanele afafazwe ngamanzi ngamanyolo wezimbiwa.

UMonarda duduk

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo

Endaweni eyodwa, isiko lokuhlobisa lingakhula iminyaka engaba mi-5. Lapho-ke amahlahla ayatshalwa. Ukuvuselela kabusha imbali, ukuhlukanisa izihlahla kuyasetshenziswa.

Ukuze kufakelwe izinto, isihlahla sigaywa ngokucophelela bese sidluliselwa emgodini omusha. Isistimu yezimpande ye-Clod yakudala yomhlaba ayihlanzwa. Ukuze ungalimazi futhi usheshise ukusinda kwesitshalo, sidluliselwa ngokudluliselwa. Ukufika endaweni entsha yemonadi enamanzi kakhulu. Inhlabathi iyakhululwa ngokucophelela futhi ifakwe emanzini.

Izinambuzane nezifo

IMonarda ayithintwa izinambuzane ngoba uwoyela wayo obalulekile uxosha izinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, ngokumelene nesizinda sokunakekelwa okungafanele, isiko lingahlushwa i-powdery isikhutha esenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi, nokugqwala.

Ukuqeda i-Powdery hlobo, kwanele ukulungisa imodi yokunisela. Lapho izihlahla sezigqwalile, inhlabathi ezungeze izimbali iphathwa ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi.

Okungenasisekelo ekwakhiweni kwendawo

Ukuqhakaza nokunakekela ngalesi sikhathi

Isikhathi sezimbali ze-monarda sithatha maphakathi nehlobo kuya kuSepthemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali ezinamaphawu abukeka njengama-funeli ziyaqhakaza emithini, eziqoqana ngama inflorescence aminyene wohlobo lwezinhlanga. Umbala wezimbali ze-monarda kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ama-inflorescence akha izithelo ezibukeka njengamantongomane. Lokhu kunikeza ukuhlobisa okwengeziwe ezitshalweni ngisho nangesikhathi sokubanda. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezithelo, ungaqala ukuqoqa imbewu. Ukuhluma kwazo kuthatha izinyanga ezingama-36.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Uma isihlahla esisodwa se-monarda sikhula embhedeni wezimbali, ekwindla singathengwa, inhlabathi ingabhalwa futhi ilungiselelwe ukutshala ezinye izimbali. Izinhlobo ze-perennial zithintela ukunqotshwa yiqhwa, ngakho-ke azidingi ukuthi zimbiwe. Kwanele ukumboza isihlahla ngasinye ngesendlalelo se-spruce 10 cm ubukhulu.

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Isiko litshalwe emibhedeni yezimbali, izaphulelo noma kotshani. Ukukhulisa imbali ye-monard ezindaweni ezixubile kubukeka kumangalisa.

Isitshalo sihamba kahle nge-rudbeckia, i-phlox yama-perennial, ama-bluebell kanye nama-daisies amakhulu. Ungangezela izihlahla ezisakazayo ze-monarda ngezitshalo zikakolweni.

I-perennial ibukeka kahle etshanini

Izici eziwusizo zesitshalo se-monarda

Ukwakheka kwembali kufaka uwoyela obalulekile, amavithamini B no-C. Isiko lusetshenziswa kabanzi kwi-homeopathy. Amafutha ama-Monarda abalulekile anezinto zokulwa nokuxineka, antianemic kanye ne-antioxidant. Ukusetshenziswa kwaso ngokuhlelekile kuhlanza i-aorta ye-atherosulinotic plaque, kusiza ekwelapheni ukugula kwemisebe, ukubhekana nezimpawu zomkhuhlane nokuqinisa amasosha omzimba.

IMonarda isetshenziswa ekwelapheni:

• abezindaba ze-otitis;
• i-cystitis;
• i-sinusitis;
• inyumoniya;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya.

Amafutha abalulekile eMonarda asiza ukubhekana nokulimala kwekhanda, unyawo nezipikili, kanye nokulimala komgogodla womlomo. Ama-Beauticians asebenzisa i-monarda ukwenza imaski kanye nama-okhilimu ama-blackheads esikhunjeni.

IMonarda isitshalo esingakwazi ukuhlobisa noma yisiphi isiza sengadi. Ukunakekela isivuno kulula ngokwanele. Ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngezimo ezilungele ukukhula nentuthuko, ungavuma ukuhleleka kwayo okunyakazayo kwezimbali.