I-Zinia - ukulima nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle

IZinnia iyimbali enokubukeka okuhle. Igama elidumile "likhulu." Lesi sitshalo se-perennial noma sonyaka, okuyi-shrub emangalisa enamahlamvu amaningi noma eyodwa. Le mbali ingeyomndeni wakwa-Astrov futhi waqhamuka eSouth Mexico - izwe lakuleli le-cacti. Imbali eqabulekile idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile mayelana nokunakekelwa esigabeni ngasinye sokukhula, ukuqhakaza nezimbali.

I-Zinia - ukulima nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle

Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zama-majors, ngayinye inezimpawu zayo ngokwemibala, ukuphakama kwesihlahla nokwakheka kwehlo. Ama-petals angaba noma yimuphi umbala: obomvu, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, ophuzi, owolintshi, oxutshwe ngisho ne-lavender.

Ukuqhakaza kwe-zinnia

Uma sicabanga ngencazelo ye-botanical, khona-ke i-zinnia isitshalo esiyi-shrubby noma i-herbaceous esinezimo zebhasikidi eduze nembali. Hlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo zonyaka nonyaka, ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa iziza nemibhede yezimbali.

Imbali engadini

I-Zine: ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile

I-Tsiniya, ukutshala nokunakekela emkhakheni ovulekile onama-nuances wayo nobunzima, kuhlale kujabulisa iso futhi kudonsela ukunaka ngenxa yokuba khona kwama inflorescences aqhakazisayo. Lo mphumela ungatholakala kuphela ngokuzwisa izinhlungu nokunakekelwa okungapheli.

Okudingayo kokwehla

Izimbali zizobukeka ziqhakaza futhi ziqhakaza kakhulu ngokuzayo, uma ungenzi amaphutha kusukela ekuqaleni, okuwukuthi senqubo yokutshala. Ngakho-ke, ukufika emhlabeni akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwamadivayisi anjalo:

• lokwela;
• umugqa ongaphansi;
• ukunisela amathini;
• itheyiphu yokulinganisa.

Amathuluzi engadi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungadinga ifosholo elijwayelekile lokutshala izithombo.

Ukukhetha indawo engcono kakhulu: zinnia in the flowerbed

I-Zinnia ku-flowerbed ingathatha noma iyiphi indawo, ngoba ihlangana kahle nanoma yiziphi izitshalo ezifanayo kanye nezihlahlana ezingaphansi. Kepha udinga ukukhetha indawo esekelwe ekukhanyiseni. Akufanele utshale isitshalo emibhedeni yezimbali, enosuku lonke elangeni elivulekile. Ngesikhathi esishisa kakhulu sosuku, umthunzi oyingxenye kufanele uwele phezu kwezimbali. Ukuba khona kokubhaliwe noma isikhala esivalwe emoyeni nakho akuyona inketho enhle.

Beka endaweni yezimbali

Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika

Ukuze kungabikho mibuzo yokuthi kungani enkulu ingaqhakaza noma isitshalo sithuthuka kabi, udinga ukwenza kahle inqubo yokutshala.

Ungatshala i-zinnia ngale ndlela:

1. Alungiselele umbhede. Ukufaka umanyolo we-organic ngenani elincane. Khulula umhlabathi kahle.
2. Usebenzisa i-spatula yengadi, yenza ukufutheka emhlabathini.
3. Emigodini eyakhekile yokusungula izigaxa ze-peat ne-substrate.
4. Gudluza inhlabathi inisela kakhulu.

Ukutshala i-zinnia

Izeluleko Zokunakekelwa Kwe-Zinnia

Izimbali ze-Zinnia zixakile ngokwemibandela yokunakekelwa futhi zidinga ukunakwa okuningi nokunakekelwa. Ukunisela, ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukususwa kokhula nenhlabathi e-looser kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngesikhathi. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle nangesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke i-flowerbed izokujabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle.

Okukhulu

Imodi yokunisela

I-zinnia efunwa kakhulu. Omkhulu bathanda umswakama kakhulu. Kepha ukuchelela kufanele kuhlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Kuyadingeka ukunisela isitshalo amahlandla ama-2 ngesonto. Isheduli kufanele ilungiswe.
2. Kungcono ukukhiqiza ukuthambisa okuningi, okuqinisekisa ukungena komswakama ngo-20-30 cm ukujula emhlabathini.
3. Ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, kubalulekile ukukhulula umhlabathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphuma kwezimpande ohlelweni lwezimpande.

Izici zokunisela i-zinnia

Uma ukunisela kwenziwa ngokufanele nangesikhathi, khona-ke uhlelo lwezimpande ngeke lubole, futhi isitshalo sizothola umswakama owenele wokuthuthuka nokuqhakaza.

Ungayondla kanjani i-zinnia yokukhula nezimbali

Ukuthola isihlahla esikhanyayo esikhanyayo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungazondla kanjani i-zinnia ngokukhula nezimbali. Ama-Major asebenzisa izakhi zomzimba eziningi enhlabathini ukuze kukhule ukukhula nezimbali, yingakho udinga ukulandela le mithetho elandelayo yokondla:

1. Ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo, ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, ungenza umquba noma umquba.
2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-superphosphates, i-potassium sulfate noma i-nitrophosphate ayengezwa. Dilitha izinto emanzini. Ingxenye 1 ithisipuni ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
3. Umanyolo akufanele uhlukunyezwe, ngaphandle kwalokho i-syndrome ye-gigantism ngaphandle kokuqhakaza noma ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande kuzokwenzeka.

Umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe njalo, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane. Umanyolo wanda kuphela ngenkathi yezimbali.

Ngabe ngidinga ukucindezela i-zinnia

Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izimo udinga ukuphina isitshalo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uthathe izihloko zama-majors amade, enzelwe izimbali. Uma lokhu kwenziwa, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sizothuthukisa amahlumela asebenza ngokuqondile, okusho ukuthi ama-pedicel ambalwa angakheka ngaphezulu kwesiqu esisodwa.

Izingcosana zokucindezela izithombo

Uma kungekho imikhawulo, khona-ke ukunqampuna i-zinnia kuyisenzo sokuphoqelela kuhlaka lokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi. Uma ungaluki inhloko yesihlahla, khona-ke sizoqala ukoma. Lokhu kubeka engcupheni impilo yawo wonke lo mfanekiso.

Ungaqhubeka nenqubo leyo noma ngaphansi kwezimo zasekamelweni, lapho izitshalo sezivele zantshontshwa futhi emva kokuba sekudlule izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-5, unganquma phezulu ushiye amaqabunga amahlanu aphansi.

Ukuphina ngesitshalo esidala

Ukungena ngemvume kungenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Kwanele ukucindezela phezulu esihlahleni ngeminwe yakho. Uma weqa isikhathi senqubo, khona-ke izimbali azikwazi ukulinda, ngoba imbali izolulama isikhathi eside.

Izici zokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sezimbali

Esikhathini, njengama-blocs ama-zinnia, udinga ukukhiqiza ukugqoka kwesonto ngesonto elincane. Inketho enhle kungaba umanyolo wamaminerali we-liquid. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza se-zinnia, ukunakekelwa kudinga ngokucophelela ikakhulukazi, ngaphezu kokufaka umanyolo, udinga ukubheka izinga lokushiswa kwama-buds futhi uwasuse ngesikhathi.

Izici zokunakekelwa ekuphumuleni

Ukulungiselela ukuthula kwe-zinnia, ukufika kanye nokunakekelwa endaweni evulekile okwenziwa kuyo yonke imithetho, kuqukethe lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• izindawo zokudla;
• ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki;
• zonke izingcezu zenqobelo zesikebhe ziyasikwa.

Okunye ukukhohliswa kwenziwa ngokuya ngesimo sesihlahla.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

I-Tsiniya, ukutshalwa kwayo okwenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho, kudinga ukunakwa ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika:

• kuyadingeka ukusika ingxenye ye-aerial, ishiye amasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka emhlabathini;
• khulula umhlabathi phansi kwezingxenye zezinto zezindiza;
• ukumboza inhlabathi ngamaqabunga athululelwe ameva avela ezihlahleni zikaKhisimusi;
• lala ezintweni eziphezulu ezinezisekelo zomoya.

Isitshalo sangemuva endaweni yezimbali

Imvamisa, izinhlobo zaphakade zidluliselwa kwizimbali zezimbali, zona ezifakwe kumagumbi afudumele.

I-Zinia: yonyaka noma engapheli

Ezweni lethu, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zonyaka zitshalwa, eziqhakaza kalula ehlobo futhi zife lapho kuqala isithwathwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abatshali bezimbali baqoqa imbewu esetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, umjikelezo wokuphila wonyaka uyaqhubeka unyaka nonyaka.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-zinnia

I-perennial iyaqabukela. Ukuqagela okunjalo kungakhula kuphela izimbali zezimbali emgwaqweni ehlobo nasegreenhouse ebusika. Ama-perennial majors angaba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu we-Conservatory noma i-Conservatory.

Izindlela zokuzala ze-Zinnia

I-Tsiniya izala kuphela ngendlela enika amandla (imbewu). Uma uzinakekela kahle izinto zokutshala futhi ugcina yonke imithetho yokuhluma, khona-ke emavikini ambalwa ungathola hhayi isivuno esihle kuphela, kodwa futhi nesitshalo esihlukile.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Abanye abalimi bazama ukusabalalisa ngobukhulu ekhaya ngendlela yokusika. Inketho ayilungele leli siko lezimbali. Isimo sokukhula kwezimpande egatsheni asifezeki. Ngokunokwenzeka, isiqu siyovele somile noma sibole.

IZinnia: Ukukhula Kwembewu

Indlela yokwandisa imbali ngembewu yindlela enhle kunazo zonke. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokujwayelekile, siqhakaza ngesikhathi, futhi ukuqhakaza kukhulu futhi kuqabile. Izithombo zizokhula zikhule kangcono uma okokuqala uhlwanyela emabhokisini, hhayi endaweni evulekile.

Ukutshala nini imbewu ye-zinnia yezithombo

Ukuhlwanyela emabhokisini kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Okusebenza kakhulu futhi kube isikhathi eside ukulungiswa kwembewu nokumila kwayo (amasonto ayi-2-3). Kuyadingeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lekamelo lingama-19-22 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-zero. Ukukhanyisa nokunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-6, amahlumela okuqala azovela.

Imbewu zokutshala

Ngemuva kwehlumela lokuqala, ungahlwanyela imbewu ezomila kungekudala. Ngenxa yale nqubo, izithombo zeminyaka ehlukene zingatholakala. Lokhu kuzoba okusebenzayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lapho isikhathi sesifundo ngasinye sizohluka ngenxa yezikhathi ezahlukile zokuhlwanyela.

Ngabe izithombo ze-zinnia zibukeka kanjani

Ngemuva kokuhluma kwembewu, ungabona amahlumela wokuqala abukeka njengamakhukhamba noma utamatisi, kodwa anamaqabunga amaningi ayindilinga nawobukhulu. Ngemuva kokuvela kweshidi lesithathu, kuzodingeka ukhethe - ubeke isibonelo ngasinye esitsheni sehhotela.

Izithombo zase-Zinnia

Ukutshala okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kuzokwenziwa ngokuhlukile kwisibonelo ngasinye. Ngemuva kokukhetha, ungaqala ukwenza lukhuni izithombo. Kwanele izikhathi ezingama-2-4 ngesonto ukuthatha izinto zokutshala ezitaladini noma kuvulandi. Isikhathi sokuqina okunjalo siqala ukusuka emaminithini ayi-10 futhi isikhathi ngasinye sikhuphuka ngemizuzu emi-5.

Ukutshala izithombo ze-zinnia endaweni evulekile

Isikhathi esifanele sokufika kwi-flowerbed isiphethu, okungukuthi ukuphela kukaMeyi. Into emqoka ukuthi umgwaqo ufudumele futhi izithombo zinezelwe kahle. Ngokuphathelene nokutshala, kunamaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile, ukungagcinwa kuwo kungaholela ekufeni noma ukuvuna okungatheni kwezimbali.

I-zinnia ekhulile yezithombo, lapho itshalwe embhedeni wezimbali nokuthi:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukukhula okutshalwa - okufushane noma okude.
2. Uma kuyizinhlobonhlobo ezinde, khona-ke ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-40 cm.
3. Lapho utshala izitshalo ezingaphansi, igebe lingagcinwa ngo-20 cm.

Ukutshala izithombo

Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-30 no-15 cm, ngokulandelana .. Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi - lungisa isendlalelo esifanele futhi wondle inhlabathi. Khetha indawo enelanga futhi wakheke izimbobo noma imibhede engashoni. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, khona-ke ngemuva kwamaviki ayi-10-12, ikotishi lizogcwala yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka.

Isifo se-Zinnia: Indlela Yokwelapha

Ukukhulisa imbali enempilo udinga ukulungiselela ukuyivikela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu:

• Isikhunta - ukubola kwezimpande, i-fusarium, i-powdery hlobo. Isikhunta (iBordeaux ketshezi) singasiza.
• Amagciwane - i-mosaic iboniswa ngoshintsho ekugcotshweni kwamaqabunga. Kuyadingeka ukususa ngokuphelele lezo zindawo noma sonke isitshalo.
• Ukujikeleza. Inkinga idinga izixazululo ezinkulu - ukubhujiswa kwesibonelo. Imbangela yokubonakala kungukuswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini. Ubumba obumpunga buvela ngendlela efanayo.
• I-Alternariosis - ibonakaliswa ngokuvela kwamabala ansundu emaqabungeni. Susa izingxenye ezithintekile bese uphatha isihlahla nge-antiseptic ekhethekile.
• I-Powdery hlobo - inhlanganisela emhlophe emacembe. Kuyadingeka ukwahlukanisa isimo esinjalo ukuze singatheleleleli abanye. Geza izindawo ezithintekile ngamanzi afudumele bese uphatha ngesixazululo esikhethekile.

Isibonelo sezifo

Ngaphezu kwezifo, isihlahla sithinteka nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane - ama-aphid, ama-slugs, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-scoops. Uma ungabhekane nale nkinga ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, khona-ke izitshalo ezinjalo ngeke ziqhakaze.

Kungani zinnias ziphenduka amaqabunga aphuzi nokuthi kufanele zenzeni

Inkinga ingahlonzwa ngokuthi yiliphi iqabunga eliqale ukuguquka liphuzi. Ukugwema ukupenda amaqabunga kufanele wazi ukuthi ungawondla kanjani ama-zinnias. Umanyolo owedlulele noma izinto ezikhiqizwe ngendlela engeyiyo kungadala ukuvela kwamaqabunga.

Okukhulu esihlahleni sezimbali

Kulula ukukhula i-zinnias uma unaka imbali ngokufanele futhi ulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo yokunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokunakekela inhlabathi. Abakhulu bazobonga ukunakekelwa okuphathelene nobuhlungu ngokuqhakaza okusihle esihlahleni sezimbali.