Naphezu kokuthi phakathi kwayo yonke imindeni yesundu, i-palm palm isimelene kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane, abayidluli.
Kulesi sihloko sizoqonda ukuthi kungani isundu sesomile soma nokuthi yini okufanele siyenze ezimweni ezinjalo.
Isihlahla sesundu (Phoenix) sihlonywe kusukela ngonyaka we-4th BC. izithelo ezidliwayo. Kwezinye izizwe zikhona ngisho nanamuhla ukudla okuyisisekelo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, izinhlobo eziningi zemithi yezindebe zikhulile njengezihlobiso, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nasezikhungweni zezindlu. Izinhlobo ezintathu zezitshalo zinezimpande ezindlini: isundu, i-Canarian ne-Robelen. 
Ukukhula kwesihlahla sesundu akusinzima kusuka etheni. Izitshalo zokuhlobisa zivela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa ngemva kokutshala. I-Palm idinga ukunakekelwa kwinkimbinkimbi ephakathi - ikhetha ukuphakama, ukugcoba okuhle nokukhanyisa. Ukuphathwa okungalungile kwalo kungaholela eziningana zezifo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane.
Uyazi? UHerodotus, uPliny, uTheophrastus ukhulume ngesigqoko samagama emibhalweni yabo.
Ukulawula okuphumelelayo kwe-palm palm izinambuzane
Uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwezimo ezifanele zokuqukethwe, isundu lesinhla lingase lihlaselwe izinambuzane. Ngokuvamile, kuthinteka izibungu zesicabucabu, i-mealybugs nezinambuzane ezincane. I-Nematodes kanye ne-thrips nazo zingahlala emthini wesundu.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane, lesi sitshalo kumele siphonswe kaningi, susa amaqabunga afile futhi sihlole njalo. Kubalulekile ukugwema amaphutha okunakekelwa noma ukuwalungisa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Umonakalo wezinsuku zokulimala emthini wesundu ungenye yezizathu zokuthi kungani umuthi wesundu usoma ekhaya.
Uyazi? Ama-tropical kanye nama-subtropics ase-Asia nase-Afrika abhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yesundu.
I-Mealybug
I-mealybug iyakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu isitshalo ngokuncelisa ama-nutrients kuwo.
Ngenxa yalokho, isundu siphelile, siyeka ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni. Uma usulelekile kule nkathazo, lesi sitshalo sigcwele izimbali ezimhlophe.
Nematodes
I-Nematodes yizibungu ezibonakalayo ezihlala enhlabathini futhi zilimaza uhlelo lwempande, amaqabunga, kanye nezitshalo. Ayikho iphuzu lokulwa nale nkathazo. - Kungcono ukususa umuthi wesundu ngesobho, kuze kube khona ukutheleleka kwezimbali eziseduze.
Ukuze uvimbele inhlabathi lapho isundu sinitshalwe khona, kuyadingeka ukuba inzalo ngaphambi kokutshala ku-microwave (imizuzu emithathu) noma kuhhavini (imizuzu engu-20).
Isibungu se-spider
Izimo ezithandekayo zokukhiqizwa kwezinambuzane zesicabucabu kule ndawo zomoya omile namazinga aphezulu okushisa. Okokuqala, umkhaza uhlala emaqabunga, udla ama-juice, bese uhambela phezulu. Ngemuva kokukhala kwakhe esitshaleni kuhlale kuwuhlaza, izindawo eziphuzi, ezibomvu. Amaqabunga acatshangelweyo kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwe-stem, bese efa. Ngesilonda esinamandla, lesi sitshalo sigcwele ama-cobwebs. Uma isikhathi singathathi izinyathelo zokuqeda umkhiqizo, umuthi wesundu ungase ufe.
Thrips
I-Thrips ingatholakala ezinhlangothini ezingezansi zamaqabunga esundu, eduze kwama-veins - izindawo ezibomvu zakhiwa ezindaweni zomsebenzi wabo obalulekile. Ingxenye engenhla yeqabunga ihlanganiswe namabala amhlophe. Ngokutheleleka okuqinile, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aphume futhi aphule. Esikhathini esizayo, wonke umuthi wesundu ungase ukhule.
Shchitovka
Isihlangu siqoqa isisindo seseli kusuka ku-stem, amaqabunga, izithelo zesundu.
Ezindaweni zokungena kwazo zibe izicubu, amabala aphuzi namasundu akhiwa.
Izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo ziphuzi, zime futhi zife.
Izinambuzane zezindebe zasendlini - isihlangu, isicabucabu se-spider, i-thrips - silwa yizindlela ezifanayo ezifana nokutheleleka kuzo zonke izakhiwo zendawo: izakhi, izakhi nemvelo.
Ngesilonda esincane sezinambuzane eziqoqwe ngesandla, izimpikane zivela esikhungweni ngebhashi. Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lihlanzwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kwamaqabunga ngesisombululo semindeni (1 ithisipuni ngalinye 1 l amanzi) noma isobho elimanzi (15 g ngalinye 1 l amanzi), ukufafaza ukhiphe ugarlic. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kakhulu, kusetshenziselwa izinambuzane: "Aktellik", "Fitoverm", "Intavir", "Phosphamide", "Fufanon", njll.
Kubalulekile! Ithuluzi kumele kuqala lihlolwe eshidi elilodwa. Uma usuku lungakaze lwenzeke kabi, ungakwazi ukusingatha sonke isitshalo.
Kusukela ezindleleni ezithandekayo zokulondoloza isandla somzimba, singancoma ukwelashwa kwesitshalo ngalezi zindlela:
- ukumnika igalikhi: 170 g wegalikhi ugcizelela izinsuku ezinhlanu ku-1 ilitha lamanzi endaweni emnyama emkhunjini ovalwe kahle. Ukupuniza ukusebenzisa u-6 g we-infusion kuhlanjululwe nge-1 l amanzi;
- ukudonswa kwe-dandelion: 20-30 g yezimpande ezichotshoziwe zimelela ku-1 litre lamanzi amahora amabili.
Izinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga lapho ukhula izihlahla zesundu
Izinguquko ekubukeni kwesitshalo zingabonisa kokubili ukuba khona kwezinambuzane nokunakekela okungalungile kubo.
Uma ukhula nesundu, kufanele ulandele imithetho eminingana:
- isitshalo kufanele sibe ekamelweni elihle elinokukhanyisa okuhle;
- ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kakhulu kwelanga eliqondile akuyona into engathandeki;
- amazinga okushisa aphezulu okuqukethwe: ehlobo - noma yikuphi; ebusika - 12-18 ° ะก;
- ukuphuza njalo, ukulinganisela - ngamanzi ahlelekile;
- umswakama omuhle womoya - 50-70%;
- ngesikhathi sishisayo kudinga ukuphalaza (ekuseni nakusihlwa); ukugeza ngesonto;
- ukutshala umquba ngamasonto amabili kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti, sebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar njalo ngenyanga;
- njalo amasonto amabili, ujikeleze eduze kwe-axis ngo-180 °.
Amahlamvu aphuzi
Isihlahla sesundu siphendukile uma siphuziswa amanzi anamanzi, sibhekene nokungabi nomswakama noma izakhi.
Ukuqeda le nkathazo, kubalulekile ukuthi uphuze amanzi kuphela ahlukene aphansi nokushisa kwama-degrees angu-20.
Ehlobo, ukuchelela njalo kwenziwa ngaphandle kokulinda i-clod yodaka. Phakathi nesikhathi sasebusika kuvumela ukomisa lula.
Yondla isundu sosuku ngokuhambisana nezincomo. Ukugqoka kokugcina kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kuka-Agasti. Ukufaka umquba wokusebenzisa umquba omanyolo noma umanyolo wezitshalo ezihlobisa amahlamvu.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uhlole isimo somswakama inhlabathi ebhodweni, udinga ukuyiqongelela kalula. Uma umsindo ukhula, umhlaba usomile. Umsindo ozwakalayo ukhuluma ngomhlaba omanzi.
Amaqabunga aphenduka amhlophe
Ukubukeka okubukeka kuyisici sesitshalo esithola ilanga kakhulu noma lihlaselwa yisilwane sesicabucabu. Usuku lwesundu kufanele lusetshenziswe futhi luhlolwe izinambuzane.
Amabala aluhlaza emaqabunga
Ekubunjweni kwamacembe amaqabunga amaqabunga futhi kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokucophelela isitshalo - ama-parasites angaphila kuwo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo esikhathini esizayo, amaqabunga angancipha, asomile futhi awe.
Ukuba khona kwezindawo ezimnyama kungabonisa ukuthi kunomswakama ngokweqile, ukuchelela ngamanzi aqinile nokuncipha okubukhali ekushiseni.
Izindawo zokukhanya ezijikelezayo ezine-brown edging - ukushisa kwelanga.
Izimbangela zamatafula kufanele zifakwe futhi ziqedwe, zisuse amaqabunga awonakele.
Amathiphu aluhlaza emaqabunga
Amathiphu asundu amaqabunga esignali yesundu sakho kuwe awunamanzi okwanele. Isibonakaliso esinjalo singabonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sisesimweni esinqunyiwe, singaphansi kwethempelini elibukhali lokushisa noma ekamelweni elomile kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukuba khona kwamaqabunga ensundu phansi kwesundu kungaba inqubo yemvelo ehambisana nezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala.
Ngokuntuleka kokuchelela futhi kusho amaqabunga e-drooping.
Uma kukhona izimpawu ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulungise indlela efanele yokuchelela yesundu, uphefute. Kanti futhi ukuhambisa isitshalo kwenye indawo, uma kumile esimisweni sokuqala, noma umbuso wokushisa ekamelweni awuhambisani nalo.
Amaqabunga e-Palm amile
Ukumila kwamaqabunga esundu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana:
- ukuphuza okwanele;
- umswakama ukuqhuma;
- umanyolo owengeziwe.
Ukuqeda lezi zimbangela, hlela indlela efanele yokudla, futhi isitshalo sizobuyisa umhlobiso wangaphambili. Njengoba kutholakala umswakama, kuyinto efiselekayo ukufakelwa isundu somunye ngesitsha.
Isiqu esincane sosizi nokuphunga okungajabulisi kokubola
Ukushintsha kombala weqabunga kumbala obunqunu, ukunciphisa kwe-palm stem kanye nephunga elimnandi lingabonisa umswakama obuningi bomhlabathi. Uma ubona izibonakaliso ezinjalo, ukuchelela kufanele kume isikhashana kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi iyomile.
Ukwandisa ize, kungcono ukuhlola uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka kususwe ebhodweni. Ngomnyama, ukunciphisa nokugcoba kwezimpande zesundu kuzodingeka ukulahle - ngeke kusize. Uma kunezimpande ezinhle, abafileyo bayasuswa, futhi amaphuzu aqunyiwe afafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kwenye ibhodlela.
Usuku lwesundu alukhuli
Ukukhula okunamandla kungenzeka ngokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Esinye isibonakaliso sale nkinga ukukhanya kwesundu.
Isundu singakwazi nokuyeka ukuthuthuka uma sigcinwa emazingeni aphansi okushisa - uhlelo lwempande lwayo 16-17 luyehlisa umsebenzi walo.
Phakathi kwezifo ezenzeka emithini yesundu emakhaya, futhi i-viral and fungal, njenge-penicillus, izimpande zokubola, ukubola kweziqu, amaqabunga amabala.
Uma ukhulisa isundu sesigumbi ezimweni zegumbi, njalo ulandele izincomo zokukukhuphula - amanzi njalo futhi ngokulinganisela, ungavumeli ukwehla noma ukwanda okunamandla kokushisa, ukondle kahle, uphefute. Zonke lezi zinqubo zizokuvumela ukuba ukhule umuthi onempilo futhi omuhle.
