Izwe lase-hazelnut likude kakhulu ne-Asia, kepha ungahlangana nalesi sitshalo se-herbaceous eCaucasus, e-USA naseYurophu. Izici zokunambitha zenadi, izakhiwo zalo eziwusizo nezokuhlobisa kudala zaziswa ngabalimi.
IHazel isihlahla noma isihlahlana.
Ngabe bonke abantu abazi ukuthi i-hazel iyini, yisihlahla noma isihlahla? Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo simelelwa yi shrub. Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili, phakathi kwazo kukhona izihlahla. Isibonelo esikhulu somuthi ibhlothi yebhele.
IHazel endle ikhula ezifundeni eziningi
Lesi sitshalo mude, sinesimo esihle somqhele. Kepha ezimeni eziningi, i-hazel isakhula ngendlela yesihlahla. Emvelweni, kwakheka ubuhlalu obuminyene, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokubasa ezibanzi.
Ngemininingwane! Ummeleli owaziwayo wohlobo luyisihlahla se-hazel - isihlahla somsoco esihle kakhulu.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-hazel
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hazel yi shrubu deciduous. Lesi sitshalo simbozwe amaqabunga amakhulu esimilo esiyindilinga nombala oluhlaza ogqamile. IHazel ikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile enomswakama omuhle. Omakhelwane abalungile yi-oak, imephu ne-elm.
Nakani! Ethafeni elingaphansi, i-hazel iyi-shrub eyakha udonga olubunjiwe futhi izungeze umngcele wehlathi. Ngendlela yesihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-nati ikhula endle.
Amabheshu akha amahlumela amaningi akhula ngokuqondile ku-rhizome. Ukubonakala kwe-hazel kunzima ukudida nezinye izihlahlana:
- ukuphakama, i-hazel ifinyelela ku-5 m;
- ama-hazelut azalela kahle ngokusanhlamvu noma ngembewu kusuka kumantongomane awo;
- IHazel kunzima ukudida nezinye izitshalo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Amaqabunga amise okomvubelo anepipi elikhonjisiwe nemiphetho ehlanganisiwe;
- Isici esingeziwe sesi sitshalo ngumbala onzima wesihlahla.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zama hazelnuts ekugcineni zingamahlahla amade. Ukuphakama kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6,6 kumasimu endle, amagxolo eziqu abushelelezi. Amahlumela amancanyana apendwe ngombala oluhlaza grey, ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabona amachashazi aphuzi.
IHazel ingadidaniswa namabhushi we-elm. Amagxolo namaqabunga ezitshalo ziyefana ku-hue nokuthungwa. Umahluko, kufanele unake kuphela isiqu. U-Elm une-shoot eyodwa eyodwa kuphela, kepha ama-hazel amaningana. Ama-buds futhi abukeka ngokuhlukile, kuma-hazelnuts aluhlaza futhi ayindilinga, futhi ku-elm abukhali futhi abomvu.
I-hazel ebomvu neluhlaza okotshani
Ama-hazel ane-red-leaved, noma i-hazel, yi-shrub ebukeka ithandeka impela ngokwemibandela yokuhlobisa. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sezinye izitshalo, kuhlukaniswa ngombala wamahlamvu. Lesi sihlahla esinezimbali eziningi sifinyelela ukuphakama ngamamitha angama-4. Kunamaqabunga amakhulu e-brown hue emagatsheni. Ngesikhathi sokutshala imifino, kwakheka amantongomane, ahlotshiswe nge-wrapper ebomvu. Amembe walawa amantongomane apinki akhanyayo.
Leafy hazel
IHazel ebomvu ebomvu ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Zikhula izihlahlana eningizimu, ngoba azikwazi ukubekezelela ubusika obunzima baseRussia bokuphakathi kwendawo. Noma ngabe umboza isitshalo ebusika, izehlakalo ezinjalo ngeke zisize. I-shrubby nati ngeke ife nhlobo, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngeke isebenze ukulinda ukuqhakaza nezithelo. Kulokhu, isihlahla siyoba umhlobiso wokuhlobisa wendawo.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezithunyelwe impova kufanele zitshalwe eduzane.
Ngama-hazel anamaqabunga abomvu eduze kufanele abe seTambov ekuqaleni kwamazibulo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabameli beqabunga le-hazel eluhlaza futhi zithathwa njengez pollinators ezinhle zezinhlamvu zamaqabunga abomvu.
Izihlahla ze-hazel eziluhlaza ezihlaza ziluvumela kangcono iqhwa, ngakho-ke zivame ukutshalwa eCentral Russia.
Izinhlobo zeHazelnut
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 zinhlobo lwe-hazelnut. Izinhlobonhlobo zamasiko alolu hlobo zimane nje ziyamangaza. Izitshalo zinomehluko obalulekile, kepha cishe zonke zivame ukubekezelela iqhwa futhi zihlukaniswa ngokuphila kwazo isikhathi eside.
IHazel ikhula kahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, ayinakuthoba, kepha kungcono ukuthela izithelo kulabo abavundile. I-Walnut iyakuthanda umswakama, kepha ukweqisa kwayo kungalimaza isitshalo. Endaweni evulekile elangeni, i-hazel izoba yinhle ngokuhlobisa futhi inikeze isivuno esihle. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-hazel, eziningana ezivame kakhulu ziyahlukaniswa.
I-hazel evamile, noma i-hazelnut
IHazel ejwayelekile ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 ubude. Isihlahla sinomqhele omuhle kakhulu. I-hazel ejwayelekile ihlukaniswa nezinhlobo zasendulo ngokuqhakaza, okuqala ngaphambi kokuvuleka kwamaqabunga. Izinyosi zigxile kakhulu kulesi sihlahla.
Nakani! Lapho ezinye izihlahla zisanda kuqala ukulungiselela ukuqothulwa kwezimbali, hazel isivele isiqhakaze ngokugcwele futhi inikeze umpe ezinambuzaneni.
I-Bear Nut, noma i-Tree Filbert
I-bear nati, noma i-hazel yesihlahla, yindawo enkulu yangempela phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-hazel yasendle. Lesi sitshalo sikhula size sifike kumamitha angama-20. Ububanzi bomqhele we-walnut bungamamitha ayi-8. Isiqu esimfishane futhi esithandekayo siyinto ehlukile. Umuthi uqashelwa ukwakheka okubanzi kwepiramidi yomqhele. Isizini yonke, kunikeza ukwanda okukhulu. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela isomiso, indawo ene-shaded yokukhula nesithwathwa.
I-Hazel nati
Hazel kanye hazelnuts: umehluko umehluko
Ama-hazel kanye nama-hazelnuts ngokuvamile abhekwa njengesitshalo esifanayo, kepha lokhu kunjalo kakhulu. Womabili lamantongomane angawomndeni wakwaBerezov. Isitshalo sasendle siyingozi efanayo. Ama-hazelnuts akhethiwe izinhlobo ze-hazel enikeza isivuno esikhulu. Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid ziyasebenza nakuma hazelnuts.
Ngokungafani ne-hazel, ama-hazelnuts ayizihlahla ezingama-thermophilic. Izithelo ze-hazel zinomumo oyindilinga, kepha kuma-hazelnuts ziba ngaphezulu futhi zikhulu ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
Kubalulekile! Akuzona zonke izinhlobonhlobo ezilungele ukutshalwa ezindaweni eziphakathi kweRussia.
Ama-hazelnuts nama-hazelnuts anokuqukethwe okulinganayo kwezakhi kanye namavithamini. Ama-Hazelnuts anokuzwa okunambitheka okwengeziwe nokuqukethwe kakhalori, isigaba salawa amantongomane aphezulu. Kodwa ama-hazelnuts asasebenza kakhulu, ngoba isihlahla sikhula ngezimo zemvelo.
Ukukhula hazel engadini
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-hazel ikhula ehlathini ngaphandle kosizo lomuntu, lapho ikhula engadini, imithetho ethile ye-agrotechnical iyadingeka ukuthi ibonwe. Isibonelo, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nephethini yokufika. Kufanele okungenani kube nendawo eyi-3 m yesikhala samahhala phakathi kwezihlahla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izitshalo zizomane ziphazamisane.
Ama-Hazelnuts akhule engadini
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-hazelnuts ukwindla.
Uma umgodi wokufika ulungiswa emhlabathini ompofu, kufanele kufakwe izimbotshana eziningana zomquba ngaphambi kwawo. Ngemuva kokutshala isithombo, kufanele uhlangane kule ndawo futhi uchithe kahle ngamanzi. Ngokwengeziwe, ungamboza ungqimba lwe-mulch ukuze ulondoloze umswakama.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hazelnut iqoqo lezinyathelo ezijwayelekile - ukukhulula umhlabathi, ukuchelela, ukugawula, ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ikakhulu ngezikhathi ezomile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunisela. Kuzoba kuhle uma ukwazi ukunisela inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuba isikhathi sokukoma. Uma lina ngezikhathi ezithile, ukufudumeza umsoco akudingeki, kepha uma isimo sezulu sishisa futhi kungekho imvula isonto lonke, kuzofanela ukuthi uyinisele kakhulu.
Amantongomane avuthiwe
I-Walnut isihlahla esidinga okungenani ukugqokwa kwabathathu abaphezulu ngonyaka. Entwasahlobo, i-nitroammophosk ingasetshenziswa. NgoJuni, kusetshenziswa umlotha wezinkuni, i-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium. NgoJulayi, ungafaka i-superphosphate enanini le-1 tbsp. nezinkezo ngesihlahla ngasinye. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukwenza izihlahla zokuhlanzeka, ngoba ezinye izinhloso, empeleni, azidingeki. Ukusika amahlumela omqhele womqhele kuzoncipha kancane, okuzothuthukisa isimo sesitshalo sisonke.
Hhayi nje njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, kepha futhi njengomuthi onamantongomane anempilo, i-hazel ekhulile ezindaweni zayo. Endle, ihlumela alinikezi isivuno esihle kangako kunasekhaya. Into esemqoka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele esifundeni, tshala izithombo ngendlela efanele bese usinikeza ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
