I-Tigridia iyimbali engapheli yakudala e-Central naseNingizimu Melika. Ihlumela lakhiwa amacembe amancane amathathu nama-3 amancane, kuthi lawo ngaphansi ngokuthi "ihlosi" ngombala, yingakho igama lesitshalo. Kubantu baseNdiya abake bahlala eMexico, kwakusetshenziswa izidumbu zezimbali njengokudla, kuphekwe ngemililo efana namazambane. Futhi kuphela ngekhulu le-XVI lesi sitshalo silethwa eYurophu njengokuhlobisa, kepha asitholanga ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi ezwekazini.
Incazelo nezici ze-tigridia
Isithombo sezimbali esidala ukukhula sikhula sibe ngu-0,7 m ukuphakama, bese amahlamvu okuqala ebonakala engenamkhawulo kusuka ezingeni lomhlabathi.
Impande ye-tigridia iyaphawuleka ngobukhulu bayo, ngesimo ifana ne-anyanisi. Ama-Buds avela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kepha angaqhuma ekwindla. Izimbali ziqhakaza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-10, bese ziyaphela. Endaweni yalo kuzohlala ibhokisi lembewu, okuqukethwe kwalo okungasetshenziselwa ukutshala okunye.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-tigridia
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-tigridia, kukhiqizwa ipikoko kuphela, obonakale ngobukhulu beMexico. Ama-corms ambozwe ngezikali ze-membranous futhi akhula aze afike ku-6 cm ubukhulu be-longitudinal. Ububanzi babo ngokuvamile abudluli ngaphezu kwama-4 cm. Abalimi nabafuyi bezitshalo bahlukanise izinhlobo eziningi zepikoko tikridia, kepha okulandelayo kusetshenziswa kabanzi:
| Ibanga | Izimbali |
| Alba | Amacembe amhlophe ambozwe amabala abomvu. |
| Aurea | Egqumeni eliphuzi eliphuzi, kutholakala izimbambo ze-carmine. |
| UCarminea | Ummeli otshaliwe we-orange-ophuzi. |
| ILilacea | Amacembe abomvu ngokunsomi ahlotshiswe ngezindawo ze-carmine. |
| Rosalind | Isiqu sombala opinki. |
| I-Canariensis | Amapharele aphuzi aqukethe umnyombo obomvu okhanyayo. |
| Okukhethekile | Imbali ebomvu imbozwe izindawo ezinombala wegolide. |
| I-Wangutta | Ama-petals angaphandle anendawo, aphuzi-burgundy. |
| Chess | Umbala ngokubukeka ufana ne-chessboard. |
| Izimbali eziningi | Amaphethini wegolide ahlobisa isizinda se-burgundy petal. |
Ukutshala kweTigridia emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho utshala isitshalo esingafani nalutho, kubalulekile ukubheka izinto ezimbalwa nemibandela ethinta ngqo ukukhula nokukhula kwembali. Ngakho-ke, uma okungenani eyodwa ingafezeki, lesi sitshalo sengozini yokuqhakaza, ngokuba buthakathaka futhi sivezwa izifo noma ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane zesinambuzane.
Isikhathi sokufika
Ngakho-ke, ukubekezelela isithwathwa kuphela akunampilo, kungcono ukusitshala endaweni evulekile lapho kufudumele. Ekuthambekeni kwethu, ukwehla kwayo kuyawa ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo, noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Indawo yokuhlala
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukutshala imbali yindawo yaso, futhi njengoba isiko lithanda kakhulu ilanga, indawo enokhanyayo kahle ingcono. IPenumbra nayo ingacatshangelwa, ngeke ibe nomphumela olimazayo usayizi wama-buds kanye nokugcwaliswa kombala wawo, noma kunjalo, kuzothinta iziqu kanye nama-peduncle. Bazodinga ukuxhaswa, ngoba bazokhula babe mncane kakhulu. Ukuze umoya nokusalungiswa kungalimazi i-tigrid, kufanele ukhethe indawo evikelwe kahle.
Hhayi okubi kuhlangana nokulandelayo okulandelayo: i-gypsophila ne-lobularia.
Inhlabathi
Imbali idinga inhlabathi evundile, enomswakama futhi efakelwe inhlabathi yokudonsa. Uma kwenzeka kuba khona umhlaba obukhulu ngokweqile, kufanele kufakwe i-sawdust nesihlabathi endaweni leyo. Ngobusuku bokutshala, kubalulekile ukumba inhlabathi futhi wenze umanyolo, isibonelo, amaminerali, umquba, umquba. Ukunciphisa i-acidity yenhlabathi, kufanele kufakwe i-lime.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Ukuvimbela izifo ezifana ne-fusarium nezinye, kuyadingeka ukugcobhoza ama-tubers kusisombululo se-fungicide esihlanjululwe kwisilinganiso esikhonjiswe kwiphakheji.
Ukujula kokuvezwa kwalo kuya ngosayizi we-bulb, ngokwesibonelo, amakhulu kakhulu acwiliswa emhlabathini ayi-10 cm, kanti okuncane kakhulu - cm 5. Kulesi simo, kufanelekile ukubuka ibanga phakathi kwama-bulbs we-15 cm kanye nebanga phakathi kwemigqa engama-20 cm. amasonto, amahlumela okuqala azovela, azoqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngeke babe nesikhathi sokuqhakaza ngokuphelele ukuze babe nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke kufanele kukhule i-tigirdia endlini ngaphambi kokutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukunakekela iTigridia Engadini
Ukulima kufaka iqoqo lezindlela zokunakekela iminyaka yonyaka, ikakhulukazi, njengokunisela, ukufaka umanyolo, ukufaka izimbali mulungene nokuthena. Lesi sitshalo siboleka kahle ekulimeni, uma sibandakanyeke kahle kubuchwepheshe bokulima.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi futhi kuvame, ngenkathi sisusa ukumiswa komswakama enhlabathini. Uma kungekho imvula, bese uthambisa inhlabathi nsuku zonke futhi ngaphezu kwalokho fafaza isitshalo kusihlwa. Ngokunisela ngokweqile, izimpande zibola ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kufanele kudalulwe ngokunembile, wonke amanzi kufanele amungene ngokuphelele futhi angahlali ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Inhlabathi evundile ayidingi ukugqokwa ngaphezulu, kepha abampofu bayayidinga. Umanyolo wokuqala wamaminerali akufanele usetshenziswe kungakapheli amasonto angama-3-4 emva kokutshala i-tigridium Lapho ama-buds eqala ukwakha, isitshalo singaphinde sikhiqizwe, hhayi kuphela ngokufaka umquba, kepha nangokufafaza amahlamvu ngesisombululo esidingekayo.
Umsebenzi owengeziwe (ukukhulula, ukubeka izigaxa, ukusika)
Indawo esikhula kuyo i-tigridia kufanele isuswe ukhula ngesikhathi, ngoba ayiphuli kuphela izimbali zezimbali, kodwa futhi ivuse ukubukeka kwezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane.
Ukuze umswakama ungagxili, kepha ungene emhlabathini ngokushesha, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze i-tigridia ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye. Ukuhlanganisa ngezinto eziphilayo kuzonciphisa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi futhi kuvikele ukubukeka kokhula.
Izihlahla
Isihlahla senziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi i-tigridium isisiphelile, lapho wonke amahlumela esusiwe. Ngale ndlela, impilo namandla kungagcinwa kuma-bulbs ngaphambi kobusika.
I-Tigrid Transplant
Uma ukhula ama ekhaya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke izitshalo ezincane ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni komhlabathi ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele atshalwe ngesonto lesihlanu entwasahlobo esitsheni esinengxube ekhethekile.
Embizeni eyodwa encane kuzolingana ama-4 bulbs, okumele ajule ngo-3 cm emhlabathini. Bese ubanikeza nge-hydration ejwayelekile. Lapho izitshalo zikhula, kuyadingeka ukukhuphula inani lokunisela, ngokususelwa ekutheni inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe umswakama kukho konke ukujula lapho ama-bulbs akhiwe khona.
Izimbiza ezinezimbobo ezinkulu zokudonsa kanye nokuma okuphezulu kokuhlela ukuthambisa kusuka ngezansi zilungele ukufakelwa. Ngokuqala kwemicibisholo, kufanelekile ukubeka lesi sitshalo endaweni yokukhanya okwenziwe ngewindows. I-Tigrid kufanele itshalwe emgwaqweni ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukuzala tigridia
Ukusakazeka kwe-tigridia kungenziwa ngezindlela ezi-2:
- Imbewu;
- Imifino.
Kwindlela yokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina izimbali ezomile zakha amabhokisi enhlamvu. Imvamisa iyimicaba, imnyama ngombala. Ukuqoqa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala, bese ukuhlwanyela ebusika. Ngemuva kwalokho beka amabhodwe bese ushiya endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo. Ukushisa, kuphelela ukuhluma kwembewu cishe ngo-+20 ° C. Lapho izithombo zithola amaqabunga angama-2-3, zingatshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokutshala, kuzovela amahlumela okuqala.
Umnyombo wendlela yesibili ukutshala izingane. Esikhathini sonyaka owodwa, isampula elivuthiwe liyakwazi ukuthola ama-bulbs amancane athile. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubahlukanise ne-tuber yomzali ngaphambi kokutshala entwasahlobo.
Amanxeba atholwe kumsiki kufanele aphathwe ngekhabhoni esebenze kahle. Ama bulbs amancane, ngokungafani nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezivuthiwe, cishe musa ukumba emhlabathini lapho utshala.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isitshalo esingavamile kwesinye isikhathi sihlaselwa yizinambuzane, futhi sitholakala izifo eziningi eziyingozi. Ungabhekana nakho konke lokhu ngezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene nezindlela zokuthibela.
| Inkinga | Isixazululo |
| Ukugoqa okubangelwa ukuvuthwa okunganele kwe-bulb. | Uma ufaka iqoqo lapho ugcina khona ngemuva kokufa ngokuzenzekelayo kwengxenye yesitshalo, inkinga ngeke ivele. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ama-bulbs kumele afakwe emanzini izixazululo ze-fungicides ezifana neFundazole noma iBenlat. |
| Ukugqwala, isibazi | Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi nange-fungicides noma i-herbal infusions. |
| UMose | Igciwane alelapheki, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukusindisa imbali ethelelekile. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuzonciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo. |
| Isikhuhlu, amacimbi, izihlambi | Ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides. |
| Slug | Iqoqo lemanyuwali kuphela. Kungenziwa lula uma usebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ukudala isithunzi lapho izinambuzane zizofihla khona. |
| Amabhere | Ukubhujiswa ngesandla, ukuhamba kwabo kungagcwaliswa ngenhlanganisela yesepha namanzi. Lesi silinganiso sizobhubhisa abakhileyo be-mink, noma siyiphoqe ukuba ivele. |
I-Tigridia ebusika
I-Tigridia ayinakho ukumelana nesithwathwa, yanele ubusika emzileni ophakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke kufanele kubiwe ekwindla. Ukushisa komoya egumbini lokugcina akufuneki kuwele ngaphansi kwe-zero, kepha akunconywa futhi kufudumele kakhulu, ngenhla kuka-+10 ° C. Kubalulekile ukuthi ama asivele avuthiwe. Uma kunethuba lokuthi ngaphambi kwesithwathwa ingxenye engaphansi ye-tigridia ayinasikhathi sokuphela ngokuphelele, kufanelekile ukubuyela kulezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Gcoba izinqolobane zenhlabathi ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande ngenkathi ugcina inhlama yobumba;
- Gcina egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyayo kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu ebuna ngokuphelele.
Lapho-ke kufanele ulungiselele ama-bulbs ukuze uwagcine, ngoba kufanele:
- Peel the tubers;
- Ukugeza;
- Thatha solution
- Yomisa ngokuphelele.
Sonke lesi sikhathi, ama-bulbs amancane akufanele ahlukaniswe nezilimo eziyizigaxa zomzali, kungcono ukukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo, ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: indlela yokugcina ama-tigrid bulbs
Amabhuleki kufanele ambozwe ngesihlabathi noma nge-peat, bese ashiywe enenkomba ejwayelekile yomswakama kanye nokushisa komoya okuphansi. Isikhwama sephepha sizosebenza kahle njengeziqukathi zokugcina. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukubukeka kwama-bulbs ukuze kutholakale ukubola okungakhona kanye nezinye iziphambeko ngesikhathi esifanele. Zonke izinhlamvu ezinesifo noma ezomile kufanele zilahlwe.
