IJapan Aucuba iyisitshalo esidumile esinezithombo ezimbili ezitshalwe engadini nasekhaya. Umhlwanyeli ngamunye uzokujabulela ukunakekela isivuno. Ekubuyeni kwakhe, uzobonga amahlamvu aluhlaza ngombala ongafani nalutho, ukuqhakaza okumihle nenqubo elula yokuzala.
I-Aukuba, noma umuthi wegolide, odabuka emahlathini aseMpumalanga Asia, ukhula kuyo yonke indawo eJapan, izintaba zeConcer Caucasus kanye neHimalaya. Isitshalo esincane esinamahlamvu ahlukahlukene.
Imbali ebunjiwe
Indaba yokubukeka
Ngaphakathi ekhaya, imbali yayivele itholakala ngekhulu le-XVIII. Ikakhulu ngesitshalo esinjalo, izakhamuzi zaseJapan zazinenhlanhla, lapho zikhula khona yonke indawo, zibamba iqhaza emicimbini yaminyaka yonke yabomdabu. Ukuthunyelwa kwesiko kusuka ezweni ekuqaleni bekungavunyelwe - abantu bazama ukulivikela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaleso sikhathi, yayaziswa ngezakhiwo zayo zemilingo zokwelapha.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Lapho, ngemuva kwesikhashana, lesi sitshalo sivele eYurophu, kwavela izinkinga ngokukhethwa: imbali ngokwayo yayingowesifazane, kwakudingeka owesilisa ukuze impova. URobert Fortune, uchwepheshe wezitshalo, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, wakwazi ukuthola isithombo esinjalo, futhi inkinga yaxazululeka.
Incazelo
Ukuchazwa kwesiko ngaso sonke isikhathi kuqala ngamaqabunga e-aucuba - umqhele oluhlaza omuhle ombozwe amachashazi egolide, njengamaconsi ensimbi ayigugu. Abanye babiza lesi sitshalo ngokuthi "umvimba" ngoba babona kumachashazi amaningi okuthile okufana nokusika kwe-sausage.
Kubalulekile! Ezinye izinhlobo zinamahlamvu asobala, kuyilapho i-shrub ngasikhathi sinye ibukeka njengesibalo se-wax. Phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kuvame ukukhula.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Isitshalo se-aucuba asinakubukeka okuhle kuphela. Kukhona izinto ezisebenzayo ngamahlamvu anezinzuzo ezinhle kakhulu kumuntu nasemhlabeni omzungezile:
- Ukubhujiswa kwamagciwane ayingozi kanye namagciwane amancane egumbini,
- Ukulawulwa kwe-microflora yomoya ezinkombeni ezidingekayo,
- Umsizi osheshayo kubantu abalimele futhi abashise, izimila kanye neqhwa.
- Ukwakha isimo esinokuthula nesifudumele ekhaya.
Nakani! Zonke izingxenye zembali zinobuthi, ngakho-ke, lapho uhlanganisa iresiphi, kufanele uhambisane ngokuqinile nezilinganiso ezinconyiwe.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Izinhlobo ezivame ukuthengiswa:
- Hillieri
- I-Variegata,
- IGoldiana,
- I-Crotonifolia,
- Dentata.
I-Crotonifolia
I-Aucuba Japonica Crotonifolia iyisichichi esihle esinobude obunobubanzi obufinyelela kumamitha ama-3. Amahlamvu anempepho futhi afinyelela ubude obuyi-20 cm. Indlela yezicucu eziphuzi ehlukile kune-arotuba yaseCrotonifolia, ngakho-ke imidwebo engenzima iyatholakala eqabunga. Lesi sitshalo sinamabinza ehlukene owesilisa nowesifazane. Izithelo ngemuva kokuqhakaza zibomvu futhi zibomvu.
I-Shrub crotonifolia
Hillieri
Amahlamvu ahlukile ngamafomu amancane, ama-monophonic, afakwe emaphethelweni, aluhlaza okotshani.
Hillieri
I-Variegata
Amahlamvu akhanya kakhulu, aluhlaza okotshani. Ukusakazeka kwezindawo zegolide kuyakhanya phezu kwaso.
I-Variegata
IGoldiana
Ifana kakhulu ne-Variegata, kepha amaqabunga akhulu ngokwevolumu.
IGoldiana
Dentata
Amahlamvu afana nesiko lakwaHolly, luhlaza okotshani onqenqemeni olugxilisiwe.
Dentata
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya e-Aucuba kufaka phakathi:
- Ukunisela
- Ukondla
- Ukwakheka kwesihlahla ngenxa yokuthena,
- Ukunikeza izimo ezidingekayo ekuphumuleni.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
Le mbali izokhula kahle, elangeni nasethunzini. Alithandi ilanga elihangulayo. Noma emthunzini, ukugqama kwamaqabunga ngeke kuthinteke.
Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kufanele libe ama-degree ayi-6-12, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlamvu azoqala ukwenza mnyama futhi awe.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukubeka imbiza efasiteleni elisenyakatho - ngeke kube khona ukushiswa yilanga, ngaleyondlela amahlamvu ayovikelwa ngokuthembekile.
Ukunisela, ukufafaza kanye nomswakama
Ukunisela kuningi, kepha hhayi ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. Ngaphambi kokunisela, ingaphezulu kufanele lome kancane. Uma amanzi eqoqwe epanini, kufanelekile ukuthulula.
Akudingekile ukufafaza isiko, kuyadingeka ukusula amaqabunga othulini. Ekamelweni lapho kutholakala khona imbali, umswakama oqinile awuvunyelwe.
Ukugcotshwa kwenhlabathi nokuphezulu
Ekunakekelweni kwe-aucuba, ukugqoka okuphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu - ngokulawulwa kwayo okuyikho futhi okufika ngesikhathi, amahlamvu ayo akhanya futhi anele.
Kusukela ngoMashi kuya ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, kwenziwa umanyolo kanye ngesonto. Ungasebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu okuthengwa esitolo sezitshalo zokuhlobisa, kanye ngenyanga faka into oyithandayo ye-organic - slurry. Inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe ukuze umoya nomswakama kudlule kalula.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula
Ukunakekelwa kweJapan Aucuba ekhaya ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwehlukile. Zonke izinqubo ezitshalweni ziyehliswa noma zize zimiswe okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari:
- Imbali "iphumula" egumbini elinokufudumala kancane,
- Izinga lokushisa lomoya - lisuka ku-8 liye ku-12 degrees,
- Ukunisela ngokucophelela, vumela inhlabathi yomile,
- Ukondla akudingeki.
Izihlahla
Kwenziwe ngoMashi ukwakha umqhele omuhle nokususa amahlumela amabi. Amahlumela amasha kudingeka ukuthi aphinwe - ngakho kuvela umqhele omnyama. Uma amagatsha enqunywe kusuka phezulu, angaya ngokusakazwa njengesiqu.
Izimbali
Kuvela ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli, ubulili obufanayo.
Imbali
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezimbali
Imbali ye-Aucuba iyi-inflorescence ethambile ebomvu onsundu eqoqwe ngamaphaneli. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ubulili besitshalo bunzima futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukunquma. Izithelo - amajikijolo amancane, aba o-orenji noma abomvu (akufani mhlophe futhi aluhlaza).
Ukunakekelwa kuyashintsha kanjani
Ukunakekelwa kuyaqhubeka njengoba kudingeka ngokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nentuthuko: ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamasonto onke nokunisela okuvamile.
Ukuzala
Kwenzeka ngezinhlobo ezahlukene:
- Ama-cuttings - ukusika kokukhula konyaka odlule kuyasetshenziswa,
- Imbewu
- Izakhiwo zomoya
- Eshidi.
Ekhaya, indlela elula yokusebenzisa indlela yezitshalo ukhula ngezindlela zokusika.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukusakazwa kwe-Aucuba ngembewu kuvame ukutholakala emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kepha izinhlobo ezitshaliwe azakhiwanga ngale ndlela - kulokhu kunzima kakhulu ukuthola imbewu enhle, isiko uqobo lizolahlekelwa yizici zalo zonke.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Isikhathi sokuvuna esifanele sithathwa njengokuthi kungoMashi noma ukuphela kwehlobo noma ukuqala ekwindla. Amahlumela anqunywa ngommese obukhali, kushiye amaqabunga angama-2-3 kuwo. Zibekele enhlabathini elungiselelwe, enomswakama kahle noma ingxube yenhlabathi. Mboza isitsha ngefilimu esobala. Ngezikhathi ezithile khipha umoya, fafaza, ugcina emazingeni okushisa angama-20-22 degrees. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, faka ihlumela ebhodweni elihlukile.
Ukusika kugxilile
Ukulala komoya
Izendlalelo ziqala ukwakha kusuka kumagatsha anezimpande zezindiza ezingxenyeni engezansi. Kulokhu, kufanele udonse ihlumela, uliphuze kahle. Kungekudala kuzosuka nezimpande.
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga
Ukufakelwa kwe-Aucuba ngemuva kokuthenga kwenziwa ebhodweni elincane. Kuyadingeka ukutshala endaweni eyisisekelo, inhlabathi efanelekile yezitshalo ezihlobisa noma ingxube yefudu, umhlaba onqenqemayo kanye ne-peat (1: 1: 2). Ukutshala isithombo kwenziwa enhlabathini enomswakama omncane, okuthe ngemuva kwalokho idinga ukunyathelwa kancane.
Kubalulekile! Isiko alidingi ukufakelwa okwenziwa njalo. Uma imbali isivuthiwe, kuvumelekile ukuyifaka kwenye kanye emva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Izimpande zincanyana kakhulu futhi zincane, ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho uqhubeka.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-aucub empeleni akubangeli izinkinga ngokulinyelwa. Kunamaphuzu athile okufanele unake.
Amagqabi amnyama
Ukulahla amahlamvu kanye nemiqumbe
Imbali ayinawo umswakama owanele, ngakho-ke ilahla amahlamvu ukusabalalisa inqubo yokudla okunempilo. Kuyafaneleka ukulungisa ukuthambisa.
Amacembe ePale
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukukhanya kukhanya ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka ukudlulisa imbiza uye emthunzini okhethiweyo.
Amathiphu owomile
Ukunisela okunganele kanye nomswakama. Okokuqala, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka aphuzi, bese omile. Kufanele uvule umswakama noma fafaza imbali.
Ukuwa kweqabunga
Akungondli okwanele. Kulokhu, amaqabunga mancane ekuqaleni, khona-ke aqala ukuwa.
Izinambuzane
Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sihlaselwa yizifo ezihambisana nokulimazeka kwesitshalo yi-spider mite. Enye inkathazo ukugoqeka.
Ukubukeka kokunethezeka kanye nokuba khona kwezakhiwo eziwusizo zenza i-aucuba (isihlahla segolide) isihlahla esibalulekile phakathi kwabanye. Ama-shimmers amahlamvu amakhulu anemibala elangeni futhi angapholisa ukuvutha nokulimala kwesikhumba.
