Enye yezitshalo ezizithandayo kakhulu zomlimi wensimu yi-okusajingijolo. Izwe elingavamile ngaphandle kwesihlahla sama-raspberry esisodwa noma izinhlobo eziningi.
Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi singakhula kanjani futhi sinakekele ama-raspberries ahlasele.
Indlela yokuphuza ama-raspberries, nokuthi ngabe ukwenze
Enye yezimfihlo eziyinhloko zama-raspberries ezikhulayo zalezi zinhlobo yindlela efanele yokuchelela. Lesi sitshalo sibhekwa njengomswakama-onothando, kodwa izimpande zawo ziseduze nomhlaba, ngakho-ke ziyakwazi ukuma. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuthinta kakhulu izinga kanye nokulingana kwesitshalo.
Kufanele kuphuze okungenani kanye ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nezinsuku ezomile kufanele kwenziwe njalo, ukugcina inhlabathi emanzini ama-raspberries. Uma inhlabathi ihlanganiswe entwasahlobo, imvamisa yokugaya ingase ibe ngaphansi.
Ubuningi bokunisela kufanele kube njalo ukuze inhlabathi ithole ngamanzi angama-40 cm. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina lo mbuso ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusila, ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo.
Kodwa ingozi yokuphuza ngokweqile akufanele inganakwa. Ngenxa yokwehla kwamanzi e-raspberries, umoya ngeke ukwazi ukufinyelela ezimpandeni zezihlahla, kanti entwasahlobo ukushisa kwenhlabathi kuyokwela ngamadridi amaningana. Lokhu kuzobangela ukuphuza ukukhula. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, kusihlwa ebusika, baqhuba ukuchelela okunezinto eziningi ukuze bagcwalise inhlabathi ngamanzi.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa ukuchelela kwe-drip - kusindisa amanzi. Kodwa ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi indlela elula. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi angabanda - ngaphambi kokuchelela kufanele kuvunyelwe ukufudumala.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "remontant" livela egameni lesiFulentshi elithi "remontant", okusho ukuthi "ukuvuka futhi." Njengoba kusetshenziswe kulezi ezihlukahlukene, okusajingijolo kuhloswe ukuba ikhono layo lokuzimbali njalo kanye ne-fruiting ngesikhathi sonke semifino.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-raspberry, weeding nokukhulula umhlaba
Ukunakekela okusajingijolo kokulungisa kulula. Ngaphezu kokunisela okuvamile ukukhulula inhlabathi nokuhlenga ama-raspberries kuyadingeka. Ukukhululeka kwenziwa ekujuleni okungaphezu kuka-7 cm endaweni engamamitha ukusuka phakathi kwehlathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye noma kabili ngenyanga kufanele kwenziwe. ukuxubana kwenhlabathi ne-humus emkhatsini wemigqa yehlathi. Kuyasiza ukuqinisa nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwempande yama raspberries, ukubeka amafihlethi amaningi emagatsheni.
Lezi zinsuku ezinhle akuzona kuphela izitshalo, kodwa futhi nokwakhiwa kwezicuttings. Akunangqondo ukumboza izihlahla ebusika. Ekwindla, ingxenye engaphezulu inqunywe, futhi izimpande ngokwazo zibekezelela kahle iqhwa.
Uyazi? I-raspberry yokulungisa ingazala izithelo ngonyaka wesibili. Isivuno sokuqala sivela ezinhlathini ezineminyaka emibili ubudala, nangomunye oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala - emva kwalo. Kodwa owokuqala uzodonsa ama-juice amaningi kakhulu, okungalungile ukuvuna okwesibili. Ngokufanayo, okwesibili kuthathwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile lezi zinto zokusajingijolo zikhulile njengesitshalo sonyaka. Khona-ke amajikijolo anomsoco kakhulu futhi anempilo avuthwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo (kuye ngokuthi isifunda).
Kunefafaza ama-raspberries kusuka ezinambuzane
Ukwelashwa kwama-raspberries entwasahlobo yezifo nezinambuzane kunezici zayo. Ngokuvamile izibungu ezinjalo, okusajingijolo nezinambuzane ze-spider, i-aphid, okusajingijolo kwezimbungulu zihlasela izinhlobo ezinjalo. Kunconywa ukulwa nabo ngamalungiselelo e-herbal, kusukela ukuphatha izihlahla ngamakhemikhali akukona kunconywa kakhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali.
Ukuphinda ukhiphe imikhaza, Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe izihlahla ngokumnika okwegalikhi noma amapelisi anyanisi. I-100 g yeyodwa noma enye ihlanjululwe ebhakede lamanzi futhi liqhubeka izinsuku ezintathu. Bese uhlunga, engeza 50 g we-sap pre-dissolved noma i-detergent ye-dishwashing.
Ukulwa nezimbungulu sebenzisa enye ingxube. 50 g issipho ehishiwe ichitheka ilitha lamanzi afudumele. Ngokwehlukana, ibhodlela elingu-litre lezinkuni lihlanjululwa ngama-5 amalitha amanzi. Ingxube ihlungiwe futhi ixutshwe.
Ebhodini le-50 ml, isigamu esigcwele amanzi, qhafaza isipuni sesipuni, sithuthuka ngamandla. Yengezwa engxenyeni elungiselelwe futhi iphakanyiswe ngamanzi ukwenza amalitha ayi-10. Ithuluzi elizovela kufanele lisetshenziswe ngokushesha.
Uma okusajingijolo kungakaqali, kungaphathwa ngezinambuzane. Kodwa uma ama-raspberries asetshenziswa njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kulula. Sika amahlumela ekwindla, kufanele ukuthi kuthiwa isayithi futhi ishise. Entwasahlobo ezinambuzane ezintsha nje asinaso isikhathi sokwanda.
Imithetho yomanyolo kanye nokondla okusajingijolo okuvamile kanye ne-remontativnoy
Njenganoma yimuphi omunye, okusajingijolo okuphelile kudinga ukunakekelwa nokudla. Ngokuvamile amahlumela e-biennial ngesikhathi kuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi ahlanganiswa nama-fertilizer. Engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo, lapho i-raspberries ikhula ngamandla, izitshalo zomanyolo zetrogen ziyasetshenziswa emhlabathini. Bese uthatha okuyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa isethi yezinto ezilandelanayo, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen.
Kodwa akusiwo wonke umuntu othanda ukusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali, ukhetha umquba ophilayo.
Kulesi simo, umbuzo wokuthi ungadla kanjani ama-raspberries entwasahlobo, uxazululwa ngokudala bird droppings umanyoloowavutha amasonto ambalwa. Ihlanjululwa ngezingxenye ezingu-20 zamanzi.
Ungasebenzisa i-mullein evutshiwe, kodwa ngo-1:10 (ama-5 amalitha ngomitha wendawo ngayinye). Ukugqoka okunjalo kuvame ukuqhutshwa emva kokunisela esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Ngokuvamile, unyaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye kufanele ubeke cishe amabhakede amane ama-humus.
Isinqumo sokudla ama-raspberries entwasahlobo sincike ekutheni ukwenzile ehlobo. Uma ekupheleni kwama-fertilizer ehlobo awazange asetshenziswe, bese kuthi entwasahlobo kufanele ukhule kancane kancane.
Ukudubula ama-raspberries entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla
Izinqubo zokuqala zokudoba ama-raspberries kufanele zenziwe entwasahlobo, ukuze amahlumela angeke akhiphe ama-juice ayigugu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngale ndlela uzohlinzeka inani eliphakeme elangeni kuma-raspberries.
Isikhathi esiphezulu senkambiso - ukuqala kokutshala kwezinso. Kwakungaleso sikhathi ukuthi izinto ezidingekayo ekukhuleni zakhiwa emaqabunga amancane.
Kubalulekile! Ukulungiswa kwezicuttings zokuzalanisa kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amahlumela abunwetshiwe anconywa ngesimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni, noma ekuseni kakhulu.
Ukunakekela ama-raspberries ahlakulelayo kuhilela ukudubula okuphelele kwamahlumela emva kokuvuna kokugcina.Ngesikhathi esifanayo shiya i-hemp ayinconywa. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okuhle kwamahlumela esizayo futhi uthembisa isivuno esikhulu.
Indlela yokubopha okusajingijolo, funda izindlela
Uma entwasahlobo iyakwazi ukunakekela ama-raspberries, kuvuna kuvame ukutholakala kakhulu. Kulesi simo, amahlumela awakwazi ukumelana nobukhulu bamajikijolo futhi ahambe. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, iziqu ziboshwe.
Ukwenza lokhu phakathi nehlobo, lapho ukukhula kwesitshalo kuphela futhi kungena ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Amahlumela ahlanganiswe ukwesekwa (isibonelo, trellis) uma befinyelela cishe ngo-50 cm. Lona igaraji lokuqala. Esesibili senziwa lapho bekhula 1-1.5 m. Khona-ke, ngenkathi iqhuma amagatsha, amajikijolo ayathinteka kakhulu umoya.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okusajingijolo akusizi. Kusemagatsheni aminyene angenayo ngokwanele umoya okhunjini oqala ukuphindwa. Ngakho-ke, amahlumela avame ukutshala ngokubamba ibanga lemitha. Uma usebenzisa ububanzi be-trellis kungaba ngama-20-35 cm.
Ukuvuna
Ngokushesha amahlumela aqala ukukhula nokwelula, ngokushesha isivuno sizovela. Ezinye ziphuthumisa le nqubo, zimboza ama-raspberries ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo enendawo yokukhosela ekhethekile.
Yenziwe ngefilimu ene-perforated noma impahla engavunyelwe. Lapho amahlumela ekhula cishe ngo-15 cm, ususiwe.
Ngale ndlela, ungavuna cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambili. Ukuqoqa ama-raspberries alezi zihlukahlukene kungaba kanye ngesonto noma kancane kancane, njengoba kudingeka.
Uyazi? Uma ihlobo liphelile noma ama-raspberries akhuliswa emgqeni osenyakatho, ngokuvamile abalinde amajikijolo wokugcina ukuba avuthwe amahlumela. Gweba izintonga zabo ngezithelo ezingavuthiwe, ezomisiwe, nasebusika esetshenziselwa ukufaka isitha.
Izandiso zokusajingijolo
I-raspberry yokulungisa idinga ukunamathela emithethweni ekhethekile hhayi nje ekutshaleni nasekunakekeleni, kodwa futhi ekukhiqizeni.
I-cuttings kanye nezimpande zamaswidi
Ukuze uzalise, sebenzisa amahlumela aluhlaza akhula eduze kwe-rhizome uqobo, abe nengxenye ye-bleached futhi akhule engaphezu kwama-5 cm. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-rosette ngayinye yamaqabunga isivele isakhiwe.
Ukusika ukusika kwenziwa nge-3-5 cm ejulile. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo ngosuku oluthile noma ekuseni. Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa, kufakwa esitheni sokushisa noma okushisa ukuze kutholakale izimpande. Le nqubo ithatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-20.
Uma izimpande zivela, i-cut is powdered ngamalahle, futhi ukusika ngokwawo kuhlwanyelwe emhlabathini ngokujula okufanayo lapho kunqunywe khona. Ngezinye izikhathi ekuqaleni zifakwa ezitsheni ezine-litre zokukhula.
Ukuze kuzalwe ukuwa, izimpande zisesheke ngobubanzi obuyi-2 mm kanye nokusika kwe-7-10 cm ziyakunqunywa. Zifakwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe ngokujula kwe-7 cm. Umbhede kufanele uphezwe, bese uhlanganiswa futhi uvaliwe ubusika. Entwasahlobo, emva kokususa indawo yokuhlala yasebusika, faka ifilimu yeplastiki kuze kube khona amahlumela aluhlaza.
Imbewu nokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Kodwa-ke, akulula ukuthola izimpande ezifanele eziqhingini eduze kokusajingijolo kwalolu hlobo. Ngakho-ke, bavame ukusebenzisa indlela elula yokukhiqiza - ukuhlukanisa amahlathi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuzo zonke izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe azikho ngaphezu kokushiya kweshumi. Kumele kufinyelelwe ku-40 cm, usike izimpande futhi ususe i-hemp endala.
Entwasahlobo kwakukhona amagatsha amancane, ekwindla abokuqala baqedwa ngokuphelele. Enye indlela ephumelelayo yokwandisa inani lezinhlanzi ezincane ukukhipha phakathi kwalo nyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila kwehlathi. Bese kuzungeze izinqwaba ze-scions zizovela nxazonke entwasahlobo.
Imbewu yokusajingijolo isakazwa kuphela ezimweni zokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha. Ungazama ngeminye imigomo, kodwa inqubo ende futhi enzima.
Imbewu eqoqwe ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba ifakwe emanzini avamile ngosuku. Bese bawufaka esikhwameni se-nylon bese bebeka phakathi kwe-sphagnum moss. Isakhiwo sonke sigcinwe ekushiseni okungaba ngu-2 ° C kuze kube phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Bese ufinyelele futhi uhlwanyele emhlabathini olungiselelwe.
Uma amahlumela avela, kufanele ahanjiswe noma ahlungwe. Izitshalo zitshalwe ngebanga lika-40 cm phakathi kwemigqa no-5 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ngokwabo. Zonke ihlobo zibhekwa njengezinye izitshalo zensimu, futhi ekwindla zibeka phansi ama-raspberries.
Ungazama "indlela endala": usakaze amajikijolo ambalwa ngethambo bese uwungcwaba emgodini. Uma ihlumela kule ndawo, shiya ezinamandla kunazo zonke bese uphonsa konke.
I-raspberry yokulungisa iyakwazi ukuthela izithelo isikhathi eside futhi ngobuningi ngenkathi efudumele. Ngakho-ke, liyakhiwa ngenjabulo enkulu. Ukunakekela isitshalo kulula, ngakho-ke ungathatha ngokuphepha nangokuphepha ngokubunjwa kwama-raspberries anjalo.
