Izinhlobonhlobo zama-sitrobheli ezingadi (ezaziwa ngokuthi ngama-sitrobheli isikhathi eside) UZeng Zengan wavela kudala, kepha kuze kube manje usahlala evame kakhulu ezingadini zethu.
Umlando kaZenga Zengana
Umlando wezinhlobonhlobo waqala eJalimane ngo-1942, lapho udaba lwemifino nokuqandeka okujulile lwalufanele. Isisekelo sathathwa i-sitrobheli Marche ngamajikijolo aminyene kakhulu awalahlekelwa ukwakheka ngemuva kokuncibilika, kepha ngokunambitheka okuphansi. Ngemuva kwemashi eminingi kaMarche nezinhlobo ezinhle zokunambitha, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zamasosha, izinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo eziphumelelayo zatholakala ehlobo lika-1945 eLuckenwald.
Kodwa-ke, lapho kuphela impi, isiqondiso somsebenzi wokuzala sishintshile, manje umkhiqizo, ukunambitheka okuhle, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane, futhi ithuba lokukhula ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene lavela phambili. Abazali bezintambo ezintathu eziphumelela kakhulu, ezasinda ekuhlaselweni umkhaza ngo-1949, kwakunguMarkee noSieger. Ukukhetha nokukhulisa izithombo ezikhiqiza kakhulu, ngonyaka ka-1954, abafuyi bezinkampani bethula izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezibizwa ngeZenga Zengana.
Incazelo nezimpawu zalo sitrobheli wasendle
Izinhlobonhlobo zeZenga Zengana zifakiwe kwiRegional State ngo-1972 zaze zafakwa ezifundeni ezilandelayo:
- Enyakatho-ntshonalanga;
- Maphakathi;
- Volga-Vyatka;
- UMhlaba oMnyama oMaphakathi;
- I-North Caucasian;
- I-Middle Volga;
- ILower Volga;
- Ural.
Ama-strawberry kaZenga Zengana ayizinhlobo ezivuthiwe sekwephuzile. Isihlahla mude, sibumbene, sinamaqabunga aluhlaza abushelelezi, izimbotshana ezisezingeni elifanayo nehlamvu noma ngaphansi kwaso. Izitshalo zakha inani elincane lamadevu, ngoba yonke imizamo isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesilimo. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungalanda amajikijolo afinyelela ku-1.5 kg.
Ukhipha izingadi imbali zeZeng Zengan zitholakala ngaphansi kwezinga lamaqabunga, amajikijolo angawa phansi
Isitshalo asilona uhlobo lokulungisa, sikhiqiza isivuno kanye cishe phakathi noJuni. Amajikijolo okuqala makhulu - aze afike kumagremu angama-30 (usayizi omaphakathi amagremu ama-10- 12), onobuhle ekugcineni kwezithelo. Izithelo ezikhulile elangeni zinombala ocebile obomvu noma obomvu, emthunzini - obomvu okhanyayo.
Amajikijolo we-Zeng Zengan we-Wide-conical Wide-conical, ngaphandle kwentamo, obomvu ngombala omnyama, onembewu ecindezelwe ngokujulile
Amajikijolo ane ukunambitheka okunoshukela omuncu, onephunga elimnandi kakhulu, onepulpisi eminyene, awunazo izikhala. Isikhumba sikhanyile, ama-achenes aphindiselwa ngokujulile epulpiti. Inhloso yezinhlobonhlobo iphelele: izithelo zigcina ukwakheka kwazo nokunambitheka okuhle kuJam, kumakhompiyutha, ekuqandeni.
Amabhasi ngaphandle kokufakelwa angathela izithelo endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engu-6-7. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyakwazi ukukhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, okuwenza ungazethembi futhi uthembekile.
Ividiyo: Amajikijolo kaZeng Zengan ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo
//youtube.com/watch?v=sAckf825mQI
Ukutshala nokutshala ama-sitrobheli uZeng Zengan
Yize lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyaziswa ngokuzithoba kwawo, kusamele usebenze kanzima ukukhulisa isivuno esihle.
Ukukhetha isiza
Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha indawo oyomisa kuyo. Kufanele kube yilanga, kufakwe umoya omncane, ngaphandle kokugwazwa kwamanzi.
Izandulelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-sitrobheli zizoba:
- ubhontshisi
- isithombo
- izaqathe
- beet
- ukukhothama
- igalikhi.
Ukutshala izitshalo eziningi ze-berry ezivame ukutholakala kwezifo ezifanayo akunasidingo:
- i-currant emnyama
- raspberries
- gooseberries.
Umakhelwane omuhle uzosiza ukugcina isivuno: ama-slog awakwazi ukunqanda iphunga le-parsley, okwesabisa i-marigold kusuka ku-nematode, futhi u-anyanisi kanye nezaqathe zixosha izinambuzane komunye nomunye, zisiza ama-sitrobheli.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Yize izinhlobonhlobo zingakhethi ngomhlabathi, iziqu ezingathathi hlangothi ziyindlela engcono kakhulu. Inhlabathi kumele ihlanzwe ukhula, ivundiswe bese, uma kunesidingo. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-acidity:
- ufulawa we-dolomite (kusuka kuma-300 kuye kwangama-600 g nge-1 m2 kuya nge-acidity yenhlabathi);
- chalk (100-300 g nge 1 m2);
- umlotha (1-1.5 kg nge 1 m2).
I-egghell echotshoziwe izophinda ibe wusizo ekuqothulweni, futhi umhlaba uzothola izinto ezidingekayo zokulandela. Ingaphezulu ngemuva kokuxuba i-deoxidizer lixubeke kahle.
Emavikini langu-2-3 ngaphambi kwekuhlanyela, umhlabatsi kufanele uvundziswe. Lokhu, 1 m2 isidingo sokwenza:
- Ama-5-6 kg we-humus;
- 40 g we-superphosphate;
- I-20 g yamanyolo we-potash:
- potassium sulfate;
- potassium carbonate;
- potrateum nitrate.
Umlotha wezinkuni ubuye nomanyolo we-potash. I-potassium chloride ayifiseleki, unikezwa ukuzwela kwama-sitrobheli ku-chlorine.
Ukutshala izithombo
Ungatshala izithombo entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu ziba nezinga lokushisa kulokhu:
- umoya + 15 ... +20 ° C;
- inhlabathi +15 ° C.
Ama-berry akufanele aqine, uhlelo lokutshala oluphelele:
- 25-30 cm phakathi kwezihlahla;
- 70-80 cm phakathi kwemigqa.
Kungcono ukutshala izithombo kusihlwa noma esimweni sezulu esinamafu.
Ezitshalweni eziphilile nezikhuliswe kahle, amapheshana aqoshwa, ashiya okungenani ama-5, futhi izimpande zifushane kakhulu ukuya ku-8-10 cm. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Lungisa imithombo bese uthela ama-150-200 ml wamanzi afudumele kwelinye.
- Phansi kwezimbobo, kwakhiwa izindunduma zobumba bese izitshalo zibekwa phezu kwazo, ziqonde izimpande ngokucophelela.
Lapho utshala ama-sitrobheli, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi iphuzu lokukhula selisezingeni lomhlabathi; lapho ujule, izihlahla ziyoncibilika
- Fafaza izithombo ngomhlaba, uhlanganisa inhlabathi ngokucophelela.
- Ukunisela ukutshala kanye mulching umhlaba ezungeze izitshalo nge humus, utshani, sawdust. Amila, amaqabunga notshani abasanda kuqedwa ngeke basebenzise.
Ungqimba lwe-mulch lufika ku-10 cm obukhulu luzovikela imibhede ukuthi ingonakaliswa, inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi futhi isize ukulwa nokhula
Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani ama-sitrobheli
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunakekela izinhlobonhlobo zeZeng Zengan kulula. Kuzothatha ukugqoka okuningi okuphezulu ngesizini, okungukuthi:
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwenziwa umquba we-nitrogen. I-isipuni esisodwa se-urea sichithwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, futhi akukho ngaphezu kwesigamu selitha lekhambi kwisitshalo ngasinye esiniselwa ngaphansi kwempande.
- Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali:
- Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi (Nitroammofoskoy noma Ammofoskoy);
- Umanyolo we-potash;
- Umanyolo we-organic.
- Ngemuva kokuvunwa. Ukhula kuqala futhi ukhulule umhlaba, ususe amaqabunga amadala, bese uletha i-superphosphate ngaphansi kwempande.
Ngemuva kokugqoka okuphezulu, izitshalo kufanele ziniselwe. Ukufudumeza ama-sitrobheli ezinhlobonhlobo zeZenga Zengana kuqikelela kakhulu, ngoba akubekezeleli umswakama okweqile. Kwisimo sezulu esomile, uma zonke izinsuku ezingama-5-7 zanele, umhlaba kufanele umanzi u-20-30 cm ngokujulile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yamanzi ukuchelela ngokunisela, ngoba amanzi aya ngqo ezimpandeni zezitshalo.
Ividiyo: ukuhlela kanjani ukuchelela ngokuchelela
Ngemuva kokunisela, udinga ukukhulula inhlabathi futhi ususe ukhula. Amadevu kufanele anqunywe ngokushesha ukuze andise isivuno. Ukutshala ama-sitrobheli kuma-agrofibre kusiza kakhulu ukunakekelwa kokutshala, okuvikela amajikijolo ekuxhumaneni nomhlabathi futhi kuvimbele ukhula ekukhuleni.
Ukuhlanganisa ukutshala i-sitrobheli ku-agrofibre ne-drip irrigation, ungafinyelela isivuno esihle kakhulu
Izindlela zokuzala
Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo ze-Zenga Zengana zakha amadevu ambalwa, zingasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla noma indlela yembewu.
- Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Udinga ukumba isitshalo esineminyaka engu-4 ubudala, ususe amaqabunga omile bese usikhahlela kancane ukuze ingxenye yomhlaba ibhoboze. Bese wehlisa izimpande ubeke emanzini, bese kuthi emva kokunyuka, uhlukanise ngokucophelela isihlahla sibe ngamalokethi ahlukile.
Uphondo (irosette elinomgogodla) lingaqala ukuthela izithelo ekuqaleni kwesizini ezayo
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Kusuka amajikijolo amakhulu, avuthwe ngokugcwele, unqume ungqimba ongaphezulu, womile bese uthambisa ezandleni ukuhlukanisa imbewu. Ngaphambi kokutshala ahlanganiswe: ahlanganiswe phakathi kwezendlalelo ze-gauze, zomiswe ngamanzi bese zigcinwa amasonto amabili esiqandisini ekushiseni kwe-5 ° C, kugwema ukoma ngaphandle. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini, ezimbizeni noma ezibhebheni ze-peat futhi embozwe ifilimu, ekhishwa ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ama-3-5 ezitshalweni, angatshalwa emhlabathini.
Ividiyo: ungakhula kanjani ama-sitrobheli embewu
Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo
Izinhlobonhlobo azivame ukuthintwa yizifo ezinjenge-powdery hlobo kanye ne-verticillosis.. Kodwa-ke, ayizinzile indawo yamaqabunga futhi ivame ukuthinteka ngesibungu sitrobheli. Isiqu sezimbali sotshani bukaZeng Zengan asibuthakathaka, ngenxa yokuthi leli bhele lisemhlabathini futhi lisuleleka nge-grey bola, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yemvula.
Ukubola okumpunga
Isifo esiyinhloko sama-sitrobheni ezinhlobonhlobo zeZeng Zengan yi-grey bola. Lokhu ukutheleleka ngefungal kusakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi kungabhubhisa kufika ku-90% wesilimo.
Uma kulinyazwa ukubola okungwevu, amajikijolo akhula ngokugoba okuqinile nokubola
Njengoba inkinga enkulu ingavela ngesimo sezulu esipholile nesinethayo, kungakuhle ukuhlola njalo ehlathini, futhi uma kutholakala isifo, thatha izinyathelo zokusiqeda:
- ukuqoqa nokuqeda wonke amajikijolo athintekile;
- Sebenzisa amakhemikhali: i-Apirin-B, Shintsha, u-1% Bordeaux uketshezi;
- fafaza nge-iodine (amaconsi ayi-10 nge-10 wamalitha amanzi) kanye nesisombululo sesinaphi (chaza 50 g we-powder ku-5 l wamanzi asishisayo, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili zokungeniswa, thela amanzi lawo manzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1).
Noma kunjalo, izindlela eziphambili zokulwa nokubola grey zivinjelwe:
- musa ukuqina kokufika;
- ukhula ngendlela yesikhathi;
- susa umhlabathi emhlabathini;
- semboza ngabo izigaxa mulch noma udoti zikaphayini;
- tshala ugarlic kuma-sitrobheli;
- ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, shintsha indawo ebanjwayo;
- uchithe ngesikhathi amajikijolo anesifo;
- emva kokuvuna, susa amaqabunga;
- ngesikhathi sokuthela, zama ukukhetha amajikijolo kusuka emhlabathini.
Ibala elinsundu
Lesi sifo siqala ngokuvela kwamabala ansundu emaphethelweni eshidi, afane namamaki we-tan. Zikhula, zihlangane futhi ziholele ekomiseni amaqabunga.
Izindawo ezinsundu ziyafana nokushiswa okubangelwa umlilo.
Ukuma komhlaba kufanele kusingathwe:
- fungs Oksikh;
- I-Bordeaux ketshezi (3% - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, 1% - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nasemuva kokukha amajikijolo).
Abamele abaphikisi bokulawulwa kwamakhemikhali bangafafaza izihlahla ezinesifo ngalesi sixazululo:
- 10 l wamanzi;
- 5 g we-potanganum permanganate;
- 2 wezipuni kashukela;
- 1 i-vial ye-iodine;
- I-20 g yesepha (engeza ngemuva kwezinye izinto).
I-Strawberry mite
Ijiki le-sitrobheli yisinambuzane esingenakubonwa ngamehlo. Izitshalo ezithintekayo zingabonakala ngamaqabunga angonakali, aguqula umbala ube nsundu bese womile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhula kwesihlahla kuyancipha, futhi amajikijolo mancane.
Ama-Strawberry mites amaqabunga aqothuka, awenze awomile
Nge-prophylaxis, ezitshalweni zingafafazwa ngesisombululo se-70% se-colloidal sulfure. Uma inkathazo isivele yathelele ezitshalweni, kumele kusetshenziswe i-Actellik noma iSpark M.
Ukubuyekezwa kusuka kubalimi abanolwazi
Ukungahambelani kwezibuyekezo mayelana nezinhlobo zeZenga Zengana kuhlobene nokutshalwa kwama-sitrobheli ezimeni zezulu ezahlukahlukene, kunhlabathi ehlukene. Ukwehla kungahle futhi kubangelwe ukuzala okungafanele. Ngakho-ke, ibanga liyashintsha lapho betshala imbewu noma lapho bethatha izitolo emibhedeni endala.
Le nhlobonhlobo sekuyisikhathi eside ingumlinganiso ekukhiqizweni eYurophu. Kepha muva nje, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuphakathi, ukuthambekela kokubola kanye nokunambitheka okuphakathi, kulahlekelwe ukubaluleka kwawo. Ezitshalweni zezimboni emapulazini athuthukile, ezinye izinhlobo ziyakuthatha okunye esikhundleni sazo. Indlela ejwayelekile ye-berry ibonakala kahle - eyokuqala ithambile, bese iyindilinga. Ngifaka futhi ukuthi umbala wamajikijolo avuthiwe ubomvu obumnyama noma ngisho ne-burgundy. Nenyama imnyama futhi ayinamuntu. Ubuthakathaka besiqu sezimbali kubhekwa njengento edonsa emuva yezinhlobonhlobo ngakho-ke amajikijolo alala emhlabathini futhi avame ukuthinteka ngokubola okungwevu. Ikakhulu eminyakeni eluhlaza. Kepha ukunambitheka okuhle kanye nesivuno esikhulu kuchaza ukuthandwa kwalolu hlobo oludala oluthembekile oluvela eJalimane. Yebo, futhi esinye isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobonhlobo amaqabunga aluhlaza mnyama, abushelelezi, acwebezelayo. Amadevu awakhi kakhulu, ngoba lapho okuphuma khona kuqala ukubeka izimpondo eziningana - lokhu kunquma isivuno esiphakeme sezinhlobonhlobo.
I-Nikolay Country Club
//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1055&st=0
Anginawo umdlandla ngokukhethekile ngokunambitheka kukaZenga Zengana (ngithanda izinhlobo ezimnandi, njenge-RU efanayo). UZenga ngowabathandi abamuncu. Phakathi kwami, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kuyizinhlobo ezinobuthi kakhulu. Kepha ushukela nawo uphezulu. Ngakho-ke, kumnandi ukudla. Kuyaqabula okuhle. Futhi ngithanda ukugcotshwa kombala we-berry. Futhi-ke, uZenga uthole inhlonipho ngokukhiqiza nokungabekezeleli. (Lo nyaka, ukuvuthwa kuqale ngesonto lokushisa okwedlulele, ngakho-ke i-grey rot - okungukuthi, leli phuzu elibuthakathaka le-Zenga Zengana, lehlulekile ukusula). Izinhlobo zezisebenzi ezinzima. Iqinisekisa ubungako ngekhwalithi enhle (kodwa kuyiqiniso ukuthi ekugcineni kweqoqo kuzoba nesixuku sezinto ezincane ezivilaphayo kakhulu ukuqoqa). Isisebenzi esikhulu se-sitrobheli sami.
U-Ivann
//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1055&st=0
Njengoba ibanga lami lithela kakhulu. Ubukhulu bamajikijolo buphakathi nje. Lo nyaka uvame ukuna kakhulu. Ekugcineni, kunezinkinga. I-tick ingena, kepha hhayi ngokugxeka, kumabhasi ngamanye, sisabela ngokushesha. Kodwa ukunambitha ... Amajikijolo okuqala ayengahlaba umxhwele, kepha awokugcina amnandi futhi amnandi impela. Njengomphumela, ngiwugcina ujamu, wezithelo zokubandayo nezithelo ezihlotshisiwe.
Irina Matyukh
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Futhi nakhu-ke kumnandi, ngaphandle kwe-acid.
IVlada
//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1055&st=0
Ngiyabona ukuthi: 1. amajikijolo wesivuno sesibili ancishiswa kakhulu, 2. isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo zehla ngokubonakalayo ngonyaka wesibili. Angitholanga izinzuzo eziningi kulolu hlobo oluhlukile, ngokuqhathaniswa nokuzalanisa okusha. Usale kahle ngaphandle kokuzisola.
gala
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?p=545946#p545946
Abalingani beCzech babhala izinto ezithokozisayo ngeZeng. Nakhu engikuzwisisile ukubonga kumngane weGoogle: Izinhlobonhlobo ezaziwayo zaseJalimane ezinamagama asephenduke uphawu lwe-sitrobheli. ... (ngaphambili) izinhlobonhlobo zazimelele ngezithelo zazo eziphakeme kakhulu namajikijolo amnandi, amnyama ... Isivuno sasingu-2-3 kg / m2, shaya kahle izinkomba zesivuno zazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo. Ukwehlukaniswa ukubola izithelo bekulinganisela. Inzuzo enkulu kwaba ukuzivumelanisa kwayo okuhle nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi. UZenga Sengana wakhula kahle yonke indawo, azange kube nazinkinga maqondana nokuthambekela kwesinye isifo.… Kepha lokhu, ngeshwa, akukhona konke okukhona njengamanje. Yini manje eqhubeka njengoSenga Sengana akufani kangako nezinhlobo zasekuqaleni. Eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule, ngeshwa, ngenxa yokusakazwa okungafanele kwemifino, kuye kwaba nokwanda kwezinto ezihluke kakhulu zokutshala - ukutholwa okusha kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinezakhiwo ezonakalisiwe. Izinhlobo zakudala zeSenga Sengana zikhiqize ngaphezu kwama-20 t / ha amajikijolo futhi azange ahlupheke kangako ngenxa yokubola. Ama-Senga Sengana Clones wanamuhla anezivuno ezingaba yi-10 kg / ha futhi akhiqizwa kakhulu, ngaphandle kokwehlisa usayizi webheri. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwezikhungo eziningi zocwaningo eJalimane, kubukeka sengathi namuhla akekho umuntu eYurophu onezinhlobo zaseSenga Sengana zasekuqaleni ... Isihloko esingathi sína sokuwohloka kwezinhlobonhlobo siphakanyisiwe ...
U-Ivann
//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1055&st=0
Ungafunga ukuthi izinhlobo zeZeng Zengan ziphelelwe yisikhathi futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezidlula zona ngokwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, kusesekuseni kakhulu ukubhala lo sitrobheli onokwethenjelwa, okhiqizayo futhi ongathembi, usazokwazi ukusithokozisa ngesithelo samajikijolo amnandi.
