IKalanchoe ingummeleli owaziwayo wama-suppulents ngamaqabunga aqoshiwe aqhakaza nezimbali ezinhle. Lesi sitshalo, njengama-cacti amaningi, i-crassula ne-amioculcas, siyakwazi ukuqongelela umswakama ezicutshini, siwunikeze ngezakhi zomzimba lapho kungekho ukuthambisa.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokudluliselwa
KwaKalanchoe, ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuhlala kuyingcindezi, ngakho-ke kumele kwenziwe lapho kunesidingo esiphuthumayo, ukuze singalimazi isitshalo futhi. Lesi sici sivela kuzo zonke izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi iningi lazo:
Ukuqhakaza Kalanchoe
- Kalanchoe ekhula;
- Kalanchoe Degremon;
- Kalanchoe Laciniata.
Isizathu esingokwemvelo sokuhlelela ukufakelwa kwenzeka lapho imbali isikhule embizeni yayo futhi ingasakwazi ukuba kuyo. Kepha kulokhu, kunezimo lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukufakelwa iKalanchoe.
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga
Ungacabanga ngokuthi uzokufakelwa kanjani uKalanchoe owalethwa ekhaya kusuka esitolo segadi kuphela ngemuva kokuphothula kwesikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nesimo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezintsha, lesi sitshalo singagula uma i-microclimate yekamelo ihluke kakhulu kuleyo ekhulele kuyo ngenkathi i-nursery. Ukungajabuli okwengeziwe okuhambisana nokufakelwa kungasibhubhisa lesi sitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuletha iKalanchoe ekhaya ngemuva kokuthenga, kufanele umnikeze okungenani amaviki amabili ukuze uvumelane, ngaleso sikhathi imbali izosetshenziswa izinkomba ezintsha zokushisa, umswakama nokuvezwa ukukhanya.
Ukuze wenze imbali ihambeke kalula, umthelela omubi wezinto ezingeziwe kufanele uncishiswe. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kungabandakanywa ukutheleleka okungenzeka ukutheleleka kanye nezinambuzane, imbiza yeKalanchoe kufanele ibekwe kude nezinye izimbali, inikeze indawo ethile yokuhlukaniswa.
Ukukhanyisa kudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yezimbali, iKalanchoe nayo ihlukile. Uhlangothi olusempumalanga lufanelekela kahle, ngoba alunakukhanya kahle, kepha alwesabisi amaqabunga ashiswe yilanga emisebeni eqondile. Uma kungenzeki ukubeka imbiza ohlangothini olusempumalanga, ungayibeka kwamanye amawindi, kepha ukukhula ohlangothini oluseningizimu kufanele kuhambisane nokuvikelwa elangeni elihangayo eliyingozi. Kuphephile ukubeka emafasiteleni aseningizimu ebusika, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukushiswa.
Kubalulekile! Akufanele wenze noma imuphi umanyolo ngesikhathi sokuthatjiswa, ngombana eendaweni zokuhlobisa inhlabathi igcwele ukukhula nokukhula kwezimbali ngobuningi.
Uma ngemuva kwenkathi yamasonto amabili, iKalanchoe ayiqali ukwehla amaqabunga, ayibuni futhi ayiguquki iphuzi, ingadluliselwa ebhodweni elisha, elibanzi.
Ukufakelwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Isitshalo esinezimbali siqondisa wonke amandla aso ekwakhekeni kwama-inflorescence, sabelana kabusha izakhi zomzimba ngendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza okufanele kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali okugcwele. Ungayifaka kanjani iKalanchoe ngaphandle kokulimaza ekhaya kufanele icatshangwe kuphela ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sesiqhakazile.
Kalanchoe Degremona
Ukuhlala kwelinye ibhodwe ne-substrate entsha, iKalanchoe kufanele ivumelanise uhlelo lwempande nezimo ezintsha. Njengoba sesithole isikhala samahhala, izimpande ziqala ukukhula ngokukhula, zidla ingxenye enkulu yezakhi, zinciphisa izithungo zezimbali ingxenye enkulu yokudla.
Uma isihlahla singakaqhakaza futhi sidluliselwe, kunobungozi bokulahlekelwa. Ngemuva kokuthola ingcindezi, uKalanchoe uzama ukusabalalisa ngokuqinile ukudla, azivumelanise nezimo ezintsha.
Ukukhetha ibhodwe lokufakelwa
Ngaphambi kokutshala iKalanchoe ebhodweni olusha, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi inqubo iyadingeka. Izindlela eziphambili zokuhlelela ukuhlala kabusha yilezi:
- isihlahla esikhule ngokwanele, ingxenye eluhlaza engaphezulu sikhulu ngokwedlula ivolumu lembiza, futhi okungenani iphindwe kathathu kunaso;
- izimpande sezikhulile kangangokuba iziphelo zazo zingabonakala ngemigodi yokudonsa;
- amahlamvu esitshalo esidala aphenduka aphuzi, amathole, awaphenduli ekuvundisweni ngokululama;
- izingane eziningi zigxilile ezakhiwe ebhodweni, zikhula ngokushesha ngokuluhlaza okuluhlaza.
Ukuqala kwezimbali, ukwakheka kwezimbali
Umthamo omusha akufanele ube mkhulu kakhulu kunowedlule. Kusezingeni eliphezulu ukukhetha imbiza ebanzi ngo-2 cm ububanzi kunaleyo ekhule lapho isitshalo sikhula khona. Uma imbiza yokutshala iKalanchoe ibanzi kakhulu futhi ijule, izothuthukisa uhlelo lwempande futhi yakhe inqwaba eluhlaza. Ama-buds okuqala ngokutshala okunjalo angabonakala kuphela ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwezimpande luthathe yonke inhlama yobumba, lufinyelele usayizi omkhulu ongabakhona.
Lapho unquma ukuthi iyiphi imbiza edingekayo ekufakweni kweKalanchoe, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma yisiphi isitshalo sidinga izinto zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ungakhetha amamodeli epulasitiki kuphela njengezinyathelo sokugcina, lapho isabelomali singakuvumeli ukuthi uthenge i-ceramic noma i-bumba. Kunezimbiza eziningi zokhuni ezihlanganiswe namasongo, ezifanelekile nokutshala ngempumelelo kweKalanchoe.
Izinketho zokufola zokutshala
IKalanchoe, ngokusho kwama-botanists, ihlukaniswa njenge-cacti, njenge-cacti. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ngezindlela eziningi ihlangana nabamele izitshalo ezinamahlumela. Okufanayo kusebenza ekukhetheni kwenhlabathi yeKalanchoe. Okuhle kakhulu kuzoba ukwakhiwa okuqediwe, okuthengwe esitolo sezingadi noma i-nursery, ekuhlanganisweni kwayo okubhalwe "ngabaphatheli" noma "nge-cacti."
Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi kweKalanchoe
Izimpande kufanele zithole inani elanele lomoya kanye nomswakama, zikhule ngokukhululeka kulo lonke ivolumu lembiza. Uma isilinganiso sezakhi singalungile, amanzi ngeke anele inhlabathi yeKalanchoe, esikhundleni salokho, izogobhoza ngemigodi yokudonsa ngesikhathi esifushane, ishiye inhlabathi ingenalutho, nesitshalo singenawo umsoco. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kumele kuqukethe isihlabathi, okwaziyo ukubamba inani elidingekayo lamanzi.
Umhlaba weKalanchoe kufanele uqukathe:
- 1 ingxenye Peat;
- Izingxenye ezi-3 zenhlabathi eyisodada;
- 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi;
- 1 ingxenye yamaqabunga amaqabunga;
- Izingxenye ezingama-0.5 zomquba.
Ukuze i-acidity yenhlabathi ihlangabezane nezidingo zeKalanchoe, kungenzeka ukuthi i-limestone echobozekile ingafakwa ekwakhiweni kwayo, okungeke kuvume ukuthi inhlabathi ibe yi-acidic. Nge-acidity eyandayo, lesi sitshalo singaqhakaza noma siphelelwe amahlamvu. Inani lempuphu yamatshe kufanele libe yi-1/10 yenani eliphelele lembiza. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwengxube ye-alkalizing kunganikeza inhlabathi engakulungele ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.
Izinga lomhlaba
Ngaphambi kokufaka iKalanchoe, kubalulekile ukukholisa ikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Ukuze uvivinye ukufanelekela, ungasebenzisa indlela elula:
- Gcwalisa imbiza ngenhlabathi okuhlosiwe, ngemuva kokubeka amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.
- Thela inhlabathi ngo-500 ml wamanzi.
- Linda imizuzu eyi-15.
- Bheka ukuthi uketshezi olungakanani luse sump.
Uma inani loketshezi elivuthiwe ngalesi sikhathi lingaphezu kwama-250 ml, engeza inhlabathi noma ukhukhunathi kakhukhunathi emhlabathini. Lezi zingxenye ziyakwazi ukugcina umswakama, ngenkathi zingagcwali i-substrate.
Ngemuva kokumiswa, umhlaba akufanele uthathwe ngesigaxa esisodwa. Uma izinsuku ezingama-3-4 sesidlulile ngemuva kokunisela, kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi kuyabekeka yini. Phakathi kwabalimi, kunobuqili obuncane obukuvumela ukuthi unqume izinga lokuthambile nokuthambisa kwenhlabathi: ngosuku lwe-4 ngemuva kokunisela, bathatha imfoloko evamile yokulahlwa kwepulasitiki bese bethukulula ungqimba oluphambili nayo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umzamo omkhulu. Uma okungenani izinyo elilodwa ukusuka kwimfoloko liqhuma, inhlabathi ayilungele abalimeli abakhulayo. Inhlabathi efanele ingadedelwa ngaphandle kokuphula amazinyo. Ukwenza inqubo ngaphambili kunezinsuku ezi-4 akulungile, ngoba umhlaba uyobe usumanzi, futhi ukuhlolwa kunganikeza umphumela ongamanga.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Isimo somhlaba ebhodweni kufanele sibhekwe njalo, ukuvikela ukuqhekeka kwenhlabathi. Lapho nje umhlaba ebhodweni "ubolile" futhi uqala ukuqhekeka, kufanele ukhululwe, uvumele umoya ungene ezimpandeni.
Izici zokufakelwa ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukutshala iKalanchoe ebhodweni olusha, kufanele ihlolwe ukuthi ilimele kangakanani ezingxenyeni ezithile. Ukukhipha isitshalo ebhodweni, kudingeka uhlole ngokucophelela izimpande, ukuthi ngabe ziyabola noma zifile. Uma kukhona izingcezu ezinjengalezi, kufanele zisuswe ngama-secateurs amancane noma isikhethi sezinto zokubhala ezejwayelekile ukuze zingadlulisi ukutheleleka ngefungal endaweni entsha. Ngemuva kokususa izimpande ezonakele, izindawo zezilayi kufanele ziphathwe ngoqhekeko lwamalahle, ngaleyo ndlela isuse amagciwane emikhawulweni.
Isiqu kanye namaqabunga kudingeka futhi ukuthi kuhlolwe kusengaphambili, kukhishwe isitshalo sezingcezu zezimbali eziphuziweyo nezibolile. Enye yezinkomba zokuhlola okudingekayo kohlelo lwezimpande isiqu esithambile nesinobhazabhaza. Lapho nje lesi sitshalo sesiqala ukuba limp, kuyadingeka ngokuphuthumayo ukusikhipha ebhodweni bese sihlola izimpande, sisusa amagatsha abolile.
Uma amaphesenti amakhulu alo lonke uhlelo lwempande ethinteka ngemuva kokususwa kwezindawo ezinesifo, ingxenye esele enempilo iphathwa ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (isisombululo esikhanyayo se-potassium permanganate). Imbiza lapho lesi sitshalo sizofakwa khona ngemuva kokucutshungulwa kufanele igezwe ngamanzi abilayo, ngaleyo ndlela isibulala amagciwane.
Imbiza ebanzi ngokweqile
Uma lonke uhlelo lwempande nengxenye yaphansi yesiqu selungene ekutheleleni kwesikhunta, isitshalo sisengasindiswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza i-incision ibe ngu-1 cm kusuka emgqeni ohlukanisa ingxenye enempilo yesiqu sesi siguli. Ngemuva kwalokho phatha ukusikwa ngothuli lwamalahle. Isiqu esizophuma sizosuka kalula, kuvume ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhule ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubeke engilazini enamanzi okushisa egumbini. Ukuze ukutheleleka kungaphindaphindeki emanzini, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukukushintsha nsuku zonke.
Lapho kudingeka ukufakelwa
I-Succulent ikhula ngokushesha kunezinye izitshalo zasendlini, ikhiqiza ama-young buds namahlumela endodakazi. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi batusa njalo entwasahlobo, lapho sekuqedwe ukuqhakaza izimbali, ukufakelwa kwezitshalo ezincane ezikhulisa izingxenye zazo zasemoyeni ngokushesha.
Uma lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi, ngokuwa, imbali izogcwala ebhodweni, ukufakelwa kuzokwenziwa kungaphelelwa isikhathi, okungaholela ekunciphiseni nasekulahlekelweni amandla, emva kwalokho lesi sitshalo sizolulama isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuqhakaza.
Imvamisa, ezinhlotsheni zeKalanchoe, eziphindaphindeka ngezinso ezivela emaqabungeni, izinqubo zangempela ezivela emhlolweni eziwile zivele ngokuzimela ebhodweni. Njengamanye ama-suppulents, iKalanchoe igxilwe kalula, noma kungekho muntu onakekela ingane ewile. Imbiza enabantu abaningi kufanele itshalwe, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela amancane ngeke avumele isitshalo somama ukuthi sithole izakhi zomzimba, okuzoholela ekufeni okungenakugwenywa.
I efihlekile kwakheka amaqabunga
Njalo ngonyaka, iKalanchoe akufanele itshalwe esitsheni esisha uma lesi sitshalo sineminyaka engaphezu kuka-5-7 ubudala. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, asikhuli ngokushesha okukhulu, isilinganiso sokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amasha namahlumela sincishiswe kakhulu. Akunakushiwo ukuthi izinhlobo zakudala ziyaqhuma ekukhuleni kwazo, zisenamahlamvu asencane, yize iqiniso lingajwayelekile kaningi njengakuqala.
Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esincane sivunyelwe ukutshalwa ebhodweni lepulasitiki, uma iqiniso lokuthi intwasahlobo elandelayo umthamo uzophinde ushintshwe. Izitshalo ezindala kufanele zitshalwe ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni eyenziwe ngezinto zokuphefumula zemvelo, ngoba ukufakelwa okulandelayo kwenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali okuqhubekayo
Ngemuva kokukwazi ukutshala iKalanchoe, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngendawo esefasiteleni elizohlala lesi sitshalo. I-Kalanchoe ayikubekezeleli ukusondela, ngakho-ke kudingeka ungayibeki eduze kuka-30 cm kusuka ezitshalweni eziphansi futhi uqhubeke kakhulu nomakhelwane abade ukuze amahlamvu abo angavimbeli ukukhanya kwelanga.
Naka! Uma ukuhluma okuhlukahlukene okuqhakazayo kukhule ekhaya efasiteleni, kepha kungenzi iminyaka efihlekile iminyaka eminingana, lesi sitshalo singathinteka ngokulungiswa kobude behora lesikhathi sasemini, okuzoqinisekisa ukwakheka kwezimbali futhi kuzokwenza ukuthi kuthande umuntu wasekhaya ngokwengeziwe.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlela inyanga yebusuku yesitshalo, okungukuthi, uyisuse efasiteleni elisondelene nodonga. Ukukhula okunempilo, leli nani lokukhanya lanele kuye, kepha ukushibilika okunjalo ngeke kunganakwa izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka ezicutshini. Lapho imbiza isibuyiselwe efasiteleni elangeni, lesi sitshalo sizophendula ngokushesha kulokhu ngokwakhiwa kwamahlamvu amahle anemibala.
Ukuzalela Kalanchoe kujabulise abatshali abaningi bokuqala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi isitshalo esivamile esingatholakala cishe kuwo wonke ama-sill we-windows, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezinezinhlobo ezihluke kakhulu ze-inflorescences azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yisicefe, yingakho izinhlobo eziningi zeKalanchoe ziqoqa.
