Lesi sitshalo esihle ngokumangalisayo safika eYurophu sivela ogwini lwaseNingizimu Afrika. Isiko leli alithobeki, kepha ukunakekelwa kwegumbi le-gerbera ekhaya kuzobonga futhi kubonge umnikazi ngokuqhakaza okumude, nokuqhakaza ende.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-gerbera?
Emvelweni wemvelo, imbali ifinyelela usayizi omuhle kakhulu. Ama-inflorescence amakhulu we-gerbera ngaphandle abukeka njenge-chamomile yengadi, kepha kuphela ngamaphara akhanyayo we-shades afudumele. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali eziphindwe kabili ukusuka kude zingaba nephutha nge-aster.
Indoor Gerbera
Isiko lisho izitshalo zisetshenziswa. Ukulima okungaphakathi endlini, abafuyi baletha i-gerbera yangaphakathi - isihlahla esicwebile esinokuphakama okungekho ngaphezu kwama-0.3 m.
Izimbali ezikhuliselwe ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya zihluka phakathi kwazo ngesimo se-inflorescences kanye nama-shades wezilwane ezifuywayo. Kepha ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwabo bonke abamele lezinhlobo ze-Astrov kuyafana.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zama-gerberas
| Izici: | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isiqu | I-peduncle eyodwa emfushane yensimbi, ukuphakama okuphakathi okuyi-20-25 cm |
| Kushiya | Okukhulu, okuphakeme, okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngombala, okuluhlaza okotshani ngombala. Kuhlanganiswe endaweni yokuphumula eyisisekelo. Amapuleti e-Cirrus ahlukaniswanga awazange abheke imiphetho ye-wavy |
| Izimbali | Elikhulu, lifinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu, ngendlela yobhasikidi onemibala egqamile. Cishe yonke imibala yothingo (ngaphandle kwesibhakabhaka) ikhona ngemithunzi. Ngokwenombolo nokuhleleka kwama-petals we-inflorescence, ama-gerberas alula, i-terry ne-semi-kabili. Kwezinye izinhlobo, umnyombo ulula (imvamisa uphuzi), kwezinye umnyama |
| I-Rhizome | Inamandla, enenombolo enkulu yezimpande ezifana nezintambo |
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sinikeza imbewu-yezithelo, ku-1 g zazo ezingaba kusuka ku-300 kuya ku-500 okusanhlamvu okuncane. Zingaqoqwa ukuze kusatshalaliswe ama-bush amasha.
Izinhlobo zokukhula ekhaya
U-Dutch Reman Botanist Reman waletha eYurophu Gerbera Jameson. Kwakunguye owaba ngumsunguli wezinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla zezimbali ezibunjiwe. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-80 zama-gerberas emvelweni. Ekhaya, izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ezikhuliswa abafuyi bezitshalo sezitshalwa. Ukuthola kwabo, kwasekuqaleni uJameson wawela nolunye uhlobo - i-gerbera enotshani obuluhlaza.
Gerber Jameson
Izinduna zama-gerberas ezifuywayo
| Buka | Kubukeka kanjani |
|---|---|
| UJameson | Isiqu esifushane sesitshalo esi-herbaceous singeke sabonwa ngemuva kwe rosette eminyene yamaqabunga e-cirrus-dissected. Amabhasikidi e-Chamomile ama-shades ahlukahlukene angaba mncane - amasentimitha angama-4, noma amakhulu - cishe ngo-15 cm |
| Iqabunga eliluhlaza okotshani | Amahlamvu acishe afane ne-dandelion - amapuleti amade nje, anezinothi. Ingaphezulu lazo lilukhuni futhi lilukhuni. Iziqu ze-pubescent ezi-Naked zingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1. Kuqhakanjiswa ubukhulu obukhulu obunama-petals acwebile apinki emqhele. |
I-Alcor ne-Aldebaran, ehlukaniswa ngamaqabunga amancanyana nezimbali ezincane; Ngenxa yokuwela kwezinhlobo, abatshali bezimbali banethuba lokujabulela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zasekhaya ze-gerbera. Ethandwa kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Vega, Megar neJupiter nazo zinamapuleti amancane, kepha ama-inflorescence aphakathi ngosayizi;
- umkhosi ubonakala ngeziqu ezimfishane ezinama-inflorescence amakhulu ama-shades ahlukahlukene;
- ibuye iveze i-gerbera Durora (esinye isipelingi - iDurer), emelelwa yi-multicolor ekhanyayo ngeziqu ezimfishane.
Phakathi kwezinhlanganisela ezixubile ungathola izithunzi kukho konke ukunambitha: i-raspberry ekhanyayo nebomvu, i-lilac no-ukhilimu, i-salmon nephuzi, elimhlophe. Ukwakheka kwama-petals nakho kuhlukene: ukwakheka kwenaliti, kuyindilinga, ngezeluleko ezisontekile.
Kuyini ukuthandwa
Umbuzo wokuthi "kungani i-gerbera ebhodweni ithandwa kangaka" ayifaneleki ngisho nokufuna impendulo - konke sekuvele sobala:
- abukho ubunzima ekunakekeleni igciwane - lesi yisitshalo esingathobeki kakhulu;
- ehlobo, amakhishi asekhaya angatshalwa ngokuphepha emibhedeni engadini - avumelana nezimo ezintsha;
- isitshalo siqhakazile, sihlobisa, sikwazi ukuqhakaza isikhathi eside.
Nakani! Ngisho neziqu ezihlanganisiwe zingasetshenziswa ukusika esixebeni. Uzohlala emganweni isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okusha.
Igumbi Gerbera Ukunakekelwa
Ukukhulisa lesi sakhiwo sendlu kuyajabulisa. Kepha, naphezu kokubekezelela amasiko kokuphazamiseka, kungcono ukudala izimo ezintofontofo ze-gerbera. Umnikazi uzohlomula kulokhu kuphela, ngemuva kokuthi ethole isihlahla sombala esiqhakazile.
Ukubeka kuphi endlini
Izindawo ezithandekayo ze-gerbera efulethini zigcwaliswe kahle ngamawindi. Yize ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kungalimaza isitshalo. Isinqumo esihle kakhulu ngamawindows asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Uma kufanele uqhubeke njalo efasiteleni eliseningizimu, khona-ke ntambama amawindi kufanele atholwe.
Isitshalo sithanda umoya omusha futhi asesabi okubhaliwe. Ngakho-ke, ngamabhodwe asehlobo ane-gerbera angadluliselwa egcekeni. Uma ungeyena umnikazi wakho, i-balcony iphelele.
Nakani! Kwi-loggia evaliwe, i-gerbera ngisho nasebusika iyozizwa ikhululekile uma iphumula izinga lokushisa okungenani + 12 °.
Ukukhetha imbiza yokutshala
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid zifika ezitolo zezimbali ezitsheni zokuhambisa. Azilungele ukulima okuqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, njengoba sesithole ikhaya lesitshalo esisha, kufanele liguqulwe ngokushesha lifakwe ebhodweni elifanele.
Umthamo kufanele ube mkhulu ukuze i-rhizome ngesikhathi sokukhula ingabi semashi futhi ingadluleli ngalapho imbiza. Kepha iziqukathi ezibanzi kakhulu akufanele zithathwe.
Elangeni
Ukuvuselela izimbali ezisebenzayo, kunconywa ukuthi i-gerbera itshalwe minyaka yonke. Kulokhu, ibhodwe elilandelayo lithathwa ngaphezulu kunangaphambili langaphambili ngobubanzi kuphela ngo-2-3 cm. Ngokuqondene nokujula, ipharamitha efanelekile ingama-30 cm.
Ukushisa
Umdabu wase-Afrika uthanda imfudumalo, kepha akabekezeleli ukushisa ngokweqile. Izinga lokushisa entwasahlobo nehlobo egumbini ligcinwa kungakapheli u-22-24 ° C, ekwindla kwehliselwa ku + 14 ° C, ebusika - kuze kufike ku + 12 ° C
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izinguquko ezibukhali kuzinkomba zokushisa zemini nobusuku akufanele zivunyelwe.
Isibani
IGerberas ingeyezitshalo zezikhathi ezimfishane zasemini - azikho ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-12. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, lapho ilanga liphuma ekuseni futhi selishonile, izihlahla ezisebenzayo aziqhakaza, kodwa zakha isisindo esiluhlaza.
Ebusika, kunalokho, i-gerbera idinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe, okuzohlinzekwa ngamalambu we-fluorescent ahloselwe efasiteleni. Amadivaysi afanayo okukhanyisa azoba afanele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka uma imbali isafasiteleni lasenyakatho.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo esishisayo asithandi isomiso, ngakho-ke kufanele kube namanzi amaningi. Kepha ngobuningi obunjalo bokuthi umswakama ungeniswe ngokuphelele enhlabathini, futhi ungagxili ebusweni, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga aphansi azoqala ukubola nesihlahla sigule.
Amanzi abandayo futhi angabukela phansi ukungasebenzi kwezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, bathatha kuphela uketshezi olufudumele (+ 20 ° C), uhlobo oluthambile, oluhlungiwe noma oluxazululiwe.
Ungasinisela kanjani isitshalo ngobumnene
Esikhathini esishisayo, ukuthambisa kwenziwa nsuku zonke, ebusika - njengoba kudingeka. Uma kunzima ukuthola inani lomswakama oludingekayo lesi sitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi amanzi athululelwe kwisobho, ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15 ukuya ku-20 kususwe ngokweqile.
Umswakama nokufafaza
Uma i-gerbera ikhula endlini, ukunakekelwa kusho ukuthambisa umswakama egumbini. Amanzi akufanele awele phezu kwamahlamvu, ngakho-ke ukufafazwa kusuka esibhamu sokufafaza ngaphandle.
Uma kungenzeki ukuthenga i-humidifier yomoya, ungabeka umcengezi omkhulu wamanzi eduze kwefasitela noma ugcine amatshe amanzi ephaketheni.
Inhlabathi
Kuma-exotic, inhlabathi efaneleke kakhulu inezinga le-ph leyunithi engama-5-6. Ezingxenyeni ezithengiwe, inhlabathi yama roses kufanelekile. Ungapheka ingxube eyenziwe ngeshidi, i-peat nesihlabathi (engxenyeni efanayo). Kunconywa ukwethula amagxolo kaphayini omisiwe omncane emhlabathini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kweGerber kuhloselwe ukugcina amandla esihlahla. Inesikhathi eside sokuqhakaza izimbali, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo ovundile wesikhathi sonke:
- kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti - njalo emavikini angama-2-3;
- ngesikhathi sokuphumula, gqoka okokugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga.
Ubuningi bamaminerali ngama-gerberas
Lapho nje ukuqhakaza kwama-gerbera, okuthandwa kunikezwa kumanyolo okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium. Ebusika, i-nitrogen kufanele inqobe.
Umanyolo we-organic awunakusetshenziswa ukuze ungashisi izimpande zesitshalo. Kwamaminerali, i-Biosad, Forte, njll.
I-Gerbera iqhakaza
Izimbali zezitshalo ezishisayo zibukeka kanjani lapha ngenhla. Ukubhekisisa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe kwinqubo yamakha esihlahleni. Imijikelezo yezinto eziphilayo ka-Gerbera ixhomeke emahoreni asemini:
- uma kufushane kakhulu, isitshalo singena esimweni sokuphumula (ezinyangeni zasebusika);
- ubude besikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-12, isihlahla sisebenza ekukhuleni kokuluhlaza (kusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo);
- Amahlamvu aqhuma ngo-Agasti, bese ama-gerbera aqhakaza kakhulu kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba.
Abalimi abangenalwazi bazama ukugcina ukuqhakaza ebusika. Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, isihlahla ngeke sadlula iminyaka emi-2. Ngaphandle kokulala, uzokhathala afe.
Kubalulekile! Imbali ebunjiwe iphuliwe, isusa ngokuphelele isiqu esidlekeni. Lokhu kuzovikela lesi sitshalo ekubolekeni futhi kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula kwama-buds amasha.
Kungani kungaqhakaza
Noma ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya, i-gerbera ebhodweni izothokozela kuphela iminyaka yokuqala engu-3-4 yokuphila ngezimbali. Lapho-ke ubukhulu bokuqhakaza buyehla noma buyehla ngokuphelele (lokhu kuyisici sesitshalo).
Nakani! Uma isihlahla singakhiwa kabusha ngokusihlukanisa sibe izingxenye, siyayeka ukuqhakaza. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ungene esikhundleni sesitshalo ngesitsha.
Kunesinye futhi isizathu sokuntuleka kombala - isihlahla sihlose wonke amandla aso ekwakheni okuhlaza endaweni engafanele. Lokhu kungacasulwa okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen ephezulu enhlabathini noma embizeni enkulu kakhulu.
Igumbi izinhlobo ze-gerbera
Ngisho nokwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani kahle i-gerbera ebhodweni, kufanele uhambisane neqiniso lokuthi isihlahla sizogcina sifa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukhathazeke ngesikhathi ukuthi ungasabalalisa kanjani isitshalo osithandayo.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
IGerbera ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi, isebenzisa iziqukathi noma izithombo (ngaphansi kwesiphephelo sefilimu). Ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela amaqabunga angu-22 kuzithombo, izitshalo ziyatshuza. Lapho wenza iqabunga lesi-5, izithombo zixazululwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Amanzi aniselwa ngokushesha, izithombo zizodinga ukondliwa ngenyanga.
Nakani! Ukusakazwa kwembewu ye-gerbera ngeke kuqinisekise ukulondolozwa kwezimpawu zokuya komama zezinhlobonhlobo.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Ukusika kuyinqubo enzima kakhulu futhi ethembekile. Ukuze isihlahla sikwazi ukuzala ngale ndlela, kufanele sibe nezimpande ezinempilo. Kuyadingeka ukusika ucezu lwe-rhizome ngesiga esivela kwisitshalo se-uterine.
Sika izingcezu, ushiye amashidi ayi-1-2. Kuyadingeka ukufushanisa ngo-1/3 kanye nepuleti. Etshalwe ngokushesha ebhodweni elihlukile bese umboza ngembiza yengilazi. Ama-cuttings atholakala nsuku zonke futhi umswakama womhlabathi uyahlolwa. Uma womile, engeza amanzi epanini.
Ukuzalela kweGerbera
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amasha esiqwini, i-gerbera kumele ivulwe ngokuphelele.
Umhlahlandlela Wokufakelwa Kwembiza
Uma isidingo size sokwenza kabusha isitshalo, sisuswa ebhodweni bese isihlahla sihlukaniswe izingxenye. Le nqubo yenziwa kahle ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ngaphambi kokuba i-gerbera ilale. Ukubekwa komhlaba okuhleliwe ngonyaka ethangini elikhudlwana kubanjwa entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo unamathele ku-algorithm yesinyathelo-ngesinyathelo:
- ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe, izitini eziphukile noma amatshe omhlabathi abekwa ebhodweni elisha;
- isitshalo sisuswa ngokucophelela esitsheni esidala ngokudluliselwa bese sihanjiswa ngesigaxa sobumba;
Kubalulekile! Ngenkambiso yokufakelwa, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande, ngaphandle kwalokho i-gerbera izogula noma ingangeni nhlobo ebhodweni elisha.
- Isikhala esiphakathi kwenqimba yobumba nezindonga zigcwaliswa nge-substrate entsha.
In the inqubo transplantation
Kuhlala ukunisela isitshalo nokubeka endaweni yaso yaphakade. Izinsuku zokuqala emva kokufakelwa, isihlahla sidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Ngisho negciwane elingathembekile lingagula. Isitshalo sibonisa impilo yaso ngezimpawu zangaphandle.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
| Igama | Izizathu |
|---|---|
| Phenduka amahlamvu aphuzi, abune Isitshalo sidonsa ama-buds | · Ukwehla noma ukungabikho komswakama; Isifo sokukhunta |
| Ipuleti leshidi liyaphenduka liphuzi | Ngenxa yobuningi bokukhanya kwelanga, okuluhlaza kuphulukana nokukhanya kwayo |
| Isihlahla selule kude kakhulu | Isitshalo sintula ilanga |
UGerbera uyagula
Noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kombuso kuzoholela ekuguleni. I-gerbera engathembekile ingahlushwa yile:
- i-powyy isikhutha ne-putrid grey plaque (isizathu ukungangeni umoya omncane kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi);
- I-Fusarium ne-phytophthora, ukucasulwa ukwephulwa kwezinga lokushisa nokukhanya;
- ukuhlaselwa kwama-aphid, ama-whiteflies kanye nezimbuzane zesicabucabu, kubonakala ngokuqina komile.
Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngama-fungicides. Izinambuzane zilawulwa ngama-insecticides.
Njengoba sesifunde isihloko sendlela yokunakekela i-gerbera, ngeke kube nzima ukuyikhulisa. Ukwenza isihlahla sibe ngumhlobiso wangempela wezangaphakathi, kunconywa ukutshala lesi sitshalo emiphongolweni yomthunzi ofanayo njengama-inflorescence ezigxotsheni.
