I-Dieffenbachia idume kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali ezifuywayo ngoba ibukeka kahle futhi ayinasizotha ekushiyeni. Kodwa-ke, le mbali akufanele ikhule endlini lapho kunezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo - ujusi wesitshalo unobuthi. Lapho unakekela imbali, izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo kufanele zibhekwe ngokuqinile.
Mayelana nomlando wokubukeka
Imbali ibizwa ngegama layo ku-botanist waseJalimane. Ngokokuqala ngqa, lolu hlobo lwenyama lwatholakala endle ngo-I.F. Dieffenbach. Izinhlobo zakamuva zokutshala ekhaya zenziwa izakhi zokuzenzela.
I-Dieffenbachia - "isivakashi esivame ukwenzeka kumawindows"
Ukubukeka
I-Dieffenbachia ingeyomndeni wakwa-Aroid. Endle, ikhula eNingizimu Melika. Izici eziyinhloko zokubukwa:
- Amaqabunga aluhlaza amakhulu amnyama anemivimbo eluhlaza okotshani;
- Isiqu eside kodwa esibuthaka;
- Inani elikhulu lezinqubo ezilandelwayo;
- Ukukhula okusheshayo nentuthuko.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinconyelwe ukukhula ekhaya.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-Spotted (izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-bush-leaved bush), i-White Flame ne-Seguin, kanye noMxube. Babekezelela ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa futhi bamelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Ungathenga izinto zokutshala ezitolo ezikhethekile noma kubalimi abangama-amateur.
Ukuqapha Isitshalo sinobuthi
Isitshalo ngokwaso asilimazi empilweni. Kodwa-ke, uma usika iqabunga noma isiqu, ujusi uzoqala ukuvela kuwo. Le jusi inomphumela ocasulayo esikhunjeni nasezimvwini ezingama-mucous, ingavusa ukungezwani komzimba noma i-edema kaQuincke. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuthenwa noma ukufakelwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi imbali ilinyazwe ngomshini.
Imbali inika ujusi omiyane onoshevu
Ukunaka! Ijusi elinobuthi lesitshalo lithinta isikhumba: ukulunywa, ukucasuka, iziqubu kuyavela. Izimpawu zifana ne-dermatitis ye-allergic noma i-eczema. Ukuze ungahlangabezani nalesi simo esingathandeki, ukunakekela imbali kuyadingeka kuphela kumagilavu okuvikela.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Dieffenbachia ekhaya kungokunisela okulungile nokugqoka okuphezulu kokugqoka. Kufakwe ohlwini lwemicimbi edingekayo:
- Ukulondolozwa kwezimo ezifanele zokushisa;
- Ukulwa nezifo, izilokazane nezinambuzane;
- Ukugoqa
- Ukulungiselela ubusika.
Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kudinga ukuthambisa. Kumele kube okulinganiselayo, ngaphandle kwalokho isiqu sizobola ngokushesha.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa kwekamelo okunconyiwe kungaphezulu kwama-degrees ayi-17, kulungile - kusuka kuma-degrees angama-20. Lapho umgwaqo ubanda, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukungena egumbini, ngoba i-Dieffenbachia ayikubekezeleli okusaqediwe. Ngesikhathi sokuphapha, imbali iyiswa kwelinye igumbi.
Isibani
Ochwepheshe abancomi ukubeka lesi sitshalo kuwindi laseningizimu, ngoba alikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kuhle, kepha kufiphaze. Uma imbali ihlala emthunzini isikhathi eside, isiqu sizoba isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi sibe mncane.
Ukunisela
Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthuka okukhulu, kunconywa ukuthambisa okuningi. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukukhula kudamba, ukuncipha komswakama kumele kuncishiswe. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula komzimba (ubusika, ekwindla sekwephuzile), ukuchelela umhlaba ebhodweni kuncishisiwe. Ukunganakwa kwale mithetho kungaholela ekufeni kwembali noma phezulu kwayo ende.
Ukufafaza
Eqabwini elikhulu elinamanzi lesitshalo esidala, enkabeni nasemaphethelweni, uthuli luhlala luqongelela, ngakho-ke okungenani ngesonto isitshalo sidinga ukwenza "ishawa" elifudumele. I-Dieffenbachia ingafafazwa kusuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza ngamanzi okushisa egumbi. Le nqubo ukuvikela izifo, izinambuzane nezinambuzane okuhle kakhulu.
Umswakama
Endle, imbali ikhula emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo aseNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi, ngakho-ke udinga njalo ukugcina umswakama ophezulu egumbini. Ebusika, lapho umoya womile ngenxa yokushisa okuphakathi, ungafaka imbiza efasiteleni eligcwele amanzi afudumele. Umswakama uzohwamuka, ube nomphumela ozuzisayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-Dieffenbachia.
Ukubloga kwamanzi akufanele kuvunyelwe
Inhlabathi
Imbali ayinciphisi ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ejwayelekile kwizitshalo zasendlini. Akufanele ukuletha umhlaba ovela emgaqweni - uvame ukuqukethe izinambuzane nezinambuzane eziyingozi. Amalahle angafakwa ezimbizeni njenge-adsorbent.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokunamandla, kuyadingeka ukondla i-Dieffenbachia nsuku zonke. Kulokhu, noma imuphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezimbali zasendlini ulungele kahle. Isitshalo sidinga kakhulu i-nitrogen, potassium ne-phosphorus. Ukugcwalisa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium, amagobolondo amaqanda aqhobozwe ku-powder angangezwa emhlabathini.
Nakekela ebusika, ekuphumuleni
Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, lesi sitshalo singena esikhathini sokuhlala komzimba. Uma ekwindla kwavela kufudumele futhi kunelanga, okushisa komoya kugcinwa njalo egumbini, le nkathi iza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya nokushisa, okuphambene nalokho, imbali ingakwazi "ukuthatha umhlalaphansi" ngaphambili kunokujwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokuhamba ubusika, kunconywa ukunciphisa i-Dieffenbachia. Ukuze imbali ibekezelele isikhathi esibandayo kahle, kuyadingeka:
- Yehlisa ukuchelela, kepha khaxa umhlabathi;
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlela imbali nge "shawa" efudumele evela kusibhamu sokufafaza;
- Hlola amaqabunga kanye nesiqu kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukuvela kwezifo eziyingozi noma izinambuzane (izinambuzane);
- Ngaphambi kobusika, ukuthena ukuze wakhe umqhele bese ususa amahlumela namahlamvu awomile, awonakele.
Ukuphela kobusika isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa. Imvamisa kwenziwa ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine kaFebhuwari. Kodwa-ke, uma uFebhuwari waphenduka waba yiqhwa futhi kubanda efulethini, kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yilapho kufika ukushisa kwangempela. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungagudluzi imbali ekushiseni okwedlulele.
Iseluleko! Izitshalo ezigulayo, ezibuthakathaka azikubekezeleli ubusika kahle, ngenxa yalokho, izimo ezinjalo zidinga ukunikezwa ukunakwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo.
Ebusika, ukuthambisa kumele kuncishiswe
Izihlahla
I-Dieffenbachia imbali ekhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye ibe nesiqu esibuthaka, nesiqeshana, ngakho-ke ukwakheka komqhele okungafanele nokunganakwa kokuthena, ukufakelwa kungaba imbangela yokufa kwesitshalo. Ukulungisa kufanele kwenziwe njalo, njengoba isiqu kanye namaqabunga sikhula. Ngaphambi kokunquma nokufaka i-dieffenbachia, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi lesi sitshalo sinempilo ngokuphelele, asibuthakathaka yizifo nezinambuzane.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-dieffenbachia kulula, kepha izihlahla ibhizinisi elinenkinga elidinga amakhono athile. I-algorithm yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yenqubo imi kanjena:
- Gqoka amagilavu ukuvikela izandla kusuka kumusi we-milky we-dieffenbachia;
- Uhlome ngommese obukhali, uchele ngokucophelela phezulu ngamaqabunga. Isiqu esincane esinamakhompiyutha kufanele sihlale;
- Mboza indawo esikiwe ngendonga yepulasitiki;
- Yehlisa ukuthambisa. Lapho ukuvuswa kwezinso kuqala, ukufakwa komswakama kuzodinga ukwenziwa kusebenze futhi.
Isiqu esigoqiwe esinamaqabunga, uma siphilile ngokuphelele, sifakwa emanzini bese silinda size siphinde sibe nezimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho isithombo singatshalwa. Uma isiqu sithinteka ezifweni (izinambuzane), siyashiswa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukutheleleka kabusha kungenzeka. Ungase futhi uhlukanise i-trim ibe izingxenye eziningi bese usebenzisa lezi zisiki zokusakazeka.
I-Trimming iyaziwa ukuthi inomphumela obalulekile wokulwa nokuguga. Isitshalo siqala ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kokuba ifile elifakwe kahle le-dieffenbachia liqale ukuqhakaza, ukuqhakaza kwayo yinto eyenzeka kancane, ngisho nasezimeni zemvelo.
Ukuzala
Mayelana nokuthi ungasabalalisa kanjani i-dieffenbachia, kufanele wazi wonke umuntu othanda izitshalo zasendlini. Kunezindlela eziningi:
- Imbewu;
- Ukusika;
- Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo;
- Ukwahlukaniswa kwezimpande.
Esheshayo futhi elula kunazo zonke kubo ukusakaza nezimpande usebenzisa ukusikwa.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukusakazeka kwembewu ye-Dieffenbachia inqubo ende futhi enzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu ihlala inokuhluma okungekuhle, ngakho-ke le ndlela ayinamsebenzi kubalimi be-amateur. Kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha ngabazalisi abangochwepheshe.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi i-Dieffenbachia isabalalisa kanjani ngokusika kwe-midzi. Imbali ingasikwa emanzini at lokushisa lasekamelweni, ukusheshisa inqubo, ungangeza isishukumisi sokukhula kwemvelo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, izimpande ziyavela. Lapho ubude bawo bufika ku-20 mm, ukusika kuyatshalwa emhlabathini.
Ukulala komoya
Le ngenye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokusakazeka kwe-Dieffenbachia. Ngaphambi kokuthi usakaze i-dieffenbachia ekhaya ngosizo lwe-layering, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi amahlumela anempilo futhi aqine, awathinteki ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
Kuyathakazelisa! Esiqwini sesitshalo, kukhonjwa indandatho encane bese kuthi amagxolo aso ngaphakathi asuswe ngokucophelela. Isithasiselo sokukhula sisetshenziswa kule ring, i-moss emanzi ibekwa ngaphezulu futhi isongwe nge-cellophane. I-moss idinga ukuthanjiswa njalo. Lapho izimpande zivela, ihlumela lisikiwe ngokucophelela futhi litshalwe kwelinye imbiza.
Ezinye izinketho
Enye indlela ejwayelekile yokuzala ukwahlukanisa izimpande. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Imbali ikhishwa embizeni, izingxenye ezibolile zezimpande ziyasuswa, ngommese obukhali bahlukanisa ikhophi elilodwa libe yizicucu eziningana bese zomisa izingxenye ezephephandaba. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-24, ingxenye ngayinye ihleli ebhodweni lwayo. Ukhipha amagciwane ezimpandeni, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate noma ikhabhoni esebenze. Le mithi ilungile ekulweni nefungus.
Ukufakelwa
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-Dieffenbachia, udinga ukulungisa imbiza entsha. Ku-dieffenbachia, ukufakelwa kuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yokuthinta uhlelo lwezimpande. Isinyathelo-by-step transplantation algorithm:
- Thela ingxube ye-turf, i-peat nesihlabathi ebhomeni elisha;
- Susa ngokucophelela i-dieffenbachia nomhlaba kusuka kumkhumbi omdala;
- Hlola ngokucophelela izimpande, uma kunesidingo.
- Dlulisela imbali endaweni entsha, uvule kancane isiqu.
Musa ukufakelwa ezikhathini ezibandayo. Isikhathi esihle sale nqubo intwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuba imbali efakwe kahle iqala ukukhula ngokushesha nangokuthi ikhuthele.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, awukwazi ukulimaza uhlelo lwezimpande, ngaphandle kwalokho imbali ingafa
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Bonke abatshali bezimbali ze-amateur bayazi ukuthi bangayinakekela kanjani i-Dieffenbachia. Kodwa-ke, akuyena wonke umuntu oqonda ukuthi kungani isitshalo singagula. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zosizi yilezi:
- Kuphuzi kwamaqabunga;
- Umbala ophuzi wamaqabunga;
- Iyomisa;
- Amahlamvu awayo.
Lonke lalokhu kuphazamiseka kunembangela yalo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuyadingeka ukubaphatha ngendlela ehlukile.
Amaqabunga aphuzi
Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi kungani amaqabunga e-Dieffenbachia ephenduka aphuzi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubangelwa ukubola kwezimpande. Ukunciphisa ukuthambisa ezimweni eziningi kusiza ekusindiseni isimo. Futhi, amaqabunga angaphenduka aphuzi uma utshala i-Dieffenbachia ebhodweni eligxilile.
Amahlamvu aguquka
Uma ama-dieffenbachia aphuzi eshiya, izizathu zingahluka. Uma amaqabunga ephenduka, imvamisa kubangelwa ukushoda kwezakhi zomzimba. Njenge-ambulensi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu ngamanyolo angenamaminerali.
Amaqabunga angavela aphuzi ngenxa yokungondleki
Izeluleko zoma emaqabungeni
Ukomisa kwamathiphu kuwuphawu olwesabekayo olukhombisa ukuthi isiqu nezinkinga zezimpande. Kulokhu, ungagcina imbali ngokwenza okufakelweyo futhi ususe ezinye izimpande ezinezifo (ezibolile).
Amahlamvu aphansi ayawa
Uma amaqabunga aphansi eqala ukuwa, akhaliphe futhi omile, leli yiphutha lokutheleleka ngefungal noma ngegciwane. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, ama-fungicides ezimboni angasetshenziswa, futhi izihlahla nazo zinomphumela wokupholisa.
Amaqabunga awile akhombisa ukutheleleka ngefungal
Izinambuzane
I-Dieffenbachia imvamisa iba inyamazane yezinambuzane, izinambuzane zijikijelwa ujusi wamakhaza onoshevu. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso singase sihlasele isitshalo. Angashiya i-mucus emaqabungeni, kube sengathi imbali "ikhala" ngezinyembezi zangempela. Ukulwa nayo, isifutho kufanele sisetshenziswe. Futhi, amabaqa athanda uthuli, ngakho-ke udinga ukusula amaqabunga kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngendwangu emanzi futhi uhlele "ukugeza" okunamandla kwimbali.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula izinambuzane kungumshini
Kuyathakazelisa! Indlela engcono yokuqoqa izihlangu ngesandla. I-Dieffenbachia ayiphenduli njalo kuma-insecticides ezimboni, futhi indlela yokusebenza iyaqinisekiswa ukuthi yehlulekile. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zibhujiswa ngokushesha ngokushisa.
Ezinye izinkinga
Phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, lesi sifo "i-viral mosaic ofhlamvu." I-Foliage ishintsha umbala wayo, amabala amhlophe namabala avele kuso. Ukucekela phansi nokushisa amaqabunga athintekile nesiga sizosiza ukuvuselela isitshalo, noma ngabe sinokugula kangakanani.
Le mbali yinhle ngoba ivumelana ngokushesha nanoma yiziphi izimo. Kodwa-ke, abalimi kufanele bakhumbule ubuthi bayo, isitshalo esinjalo silungele kangcono ihhovisi, hhayi ikhaya. Lapho unakekela, kufanele unake ngokukhethekile umsoco ofanele. Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesitshalo ekhaya kuncike kakhulu kuso.
