Ama-Succulents ayizitshalo ezingatheneki. Bangenza ngaphandle komswakama kanye nezakhi zomzimba isikhathi eside. Inhlabathi yokutshala kumele ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile.
Abalimi abaningi abaqala ukuthola izipho esitolo, bengazi ukuthi bazikhulise kanjani. Ngemuva kokuthenga, kubalulekile ukuthi ungazi nje kuphela ukuthi ufaka kanjani okuthengelwe okuthengiwe ekhaya, kodwa nokuthi umhlabathi ongawusebenzisa kuphi kulokhu.
Ama-Succulents
Ukuze kulinywe ama-unsulents, umuntu kufanele akhethe umhlaba oxegayo odlula umoya namanzi kahle. Ama-Succulents akhula omabili enhlabathini nge-acidity engathathi hlangothi ne-acidic. Umhlabathi akufanele ube nezithako eziningi ze-nitrogenous, izakhi zamaminerali kufanele zitholakale ngokwanele.
Yimuphi umhlaba odingekayo wokutshala ama-unsulents unganqunywa yizidingo ezinqunywe ngokuthandwa yizitshalo:
- Kufanele kube lula futhi kukhulule. Amanzi kufanele adlule ngokushesha kuwo.
- Izinhlayiya zenhlabathi kumele zinikeze umoya ezimpandeni.
- Ijazi eliphezulu kufanele lome ngokushesha.
Lapho uthenga inhlabathi esitolo, kufanele unake ukwakheka kwawo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwama-mopulents wokutshala, izidingo zenhlabathi ziyehluka.
Ubuningi benhlabathi ethengiwe bungenantethe. Imvamisa, izinhlobo zezinhlobo zazo ezi-2 zixubile: ziphakeme futhi ziphansi. I-Peat ine-acidity ephezulu, ngakho-ke, ukuyinciphisa, ufulawa we-dolomite unezelwa enhlabathini.
Ungalungisa inhlabathi ukuze ikhule ngokusebenza okulingene ezimbizeni ngezandla zakho kusuka kumhlaba ojwayelekile owuthengiwe jikelele. Ukuyinika ukukhanya okulula, isihlabathi esihlanganayo, izingcezu zobumba kanye nobumba olwandisiwe kufanele kwenezelwe kukho. Ukwengeza i-acid enhlabathini, i-peat yengezwa kuyo.
Inhlabathi ephumelelayo
Abatshali abanolwazi batusa ukuthi bangawuthenga kanjani umxube owenziwe ngomumo wokukhulisa ama-anculents, futhi balungiselele umhlabathi bebodwa. Into esemqoka ukusebenzisa izinto ezidingekayo futhi uqaphele ukulingana kwazo.
Izakhi ezidingekayo
Inhlabathi yamapulangwe ingalungiswa ngokuphelele ngezandla zakho. Izakhi ezisemqoka zenhlabathi ze-cacti kanye ne-anculents yilezi:
- ishidi lomhlaba
- umhlaba wefudu
- isihlabathi
- amatshe amatshe noma imvuthuluka yezitini ezibomvu.
Njengomhlabathi wokuhlawula, kungasetjenziswa amagremu. Ngokuya ngosayizi wephepha lezimbali, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezi-3 zamatshe amatshe:
- ingxenyeni 1-5 mm;
- ingxenyenamba engu-5-10 mm;
- ingxenye engu-10-30 mm.
Kuyathakazelisa. Njengomhlaba wokuhlawuliswa, kungasetjenziswa isihluzi seLabik yekatter filter. Siqukethe ingxenyana enhle ye-zeolite. Yengeze ku-gravel kufanele kube ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-10.
Ingxenye ye-substrate
Ngokuya ngohlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo, izilinganiso zezingxenye zakhona nazo ziyashintsha. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande lumelelwa yizimpande ezingaphezulu, khona-ke udinga ukuthola ukukhanya okulula kusuka enhlabathini. Izakhi ezisemqoka zihlanganiswa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- 1 inkomishi yokulinganisa yomhlaba enamaqabunga;
- 1 inkomishi yokulinganisa yenhlabathi ye-turf;
- 1 inkomishi yesihlabathi;
- Cup indebe yokulinganisa yesihlabathi noma imvuthuluka.
Ezitshalweni ezinezimpande ezikhule kahle, ezinamanzi ezingagcina amanzi, izilinganiso zizohluka. Kuzodingeka izinto ezi-3 kuphela: ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi nomhlaba wamashidi, izingxenye eziyi-1.5 zomhlaba we-turf.
Kubalulekile! Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-cactus noma oluxakile ebhodweni, udinga ukwenza ungqimba lomdwebo obukhulu. Lokhu kuzovikela izimpande ekubusweni.
Lapho utshala izitshalo ebhodweni, udinga ukubeka izingqimba ezi-3:
- Ukudilizwa. Kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-1 cm.
- Ungqimba olukhulu lomhlabathi othengiwe noma owenziwe nguwe. Le ungqimba lomhlabathi akufanele lufike phezulu ebhodweni ngo-2 cm.
- Ungqimba olungaphezulu lwamanzi. Ngaye, sebenzisa amatshe abunjiwe, ama-chip wezitini noma ubumba olwandisiwe.
Izendlalelo Zokubeka endaweni Yezimbali
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokunisela, ungqimba olungaphezulu luyasuswa. Kufanele ibe yomile njalo.
Abathandi bezitshalo zasehlane ngokuvamile bafuna ukuzalanisa izinhlobo zabo ezintsha. Kepha kuyaqabukela, lapho ungathenga isiqu noma ingxenye yesitshalo sokusakazeka. Ngakho-ke, kuphakama umbuzo wabathandi bezitshalo ezihlukile: "Ungatshala kanjani ama-unsulents?".
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Ama-Succulents angatshalwa womabili kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zezitshalo nezitshalo. Izinhlobo eziningi zokunciphiswa kuzimpawu zakha izitshalo zendodakazi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ku-cacti. Kungenzeka ususe isitshalo esinjalo kumama kuphela ngemuva kokubunjwa ngokuphelele. Isibonakaliso salokhu ukubambeka kancane kancane kwesitshalo esisha esiqwini sikamama.
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-suppulents asakazwa ukusikwa noma amaqabunga. Lezi zingxenye zesitshalo zingatshalwa cishe emhlabathini ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! Kuyinto engathandeki ukusikwa kwezimpande kanye namaqabunga emanzini. Lokhu kungazenza zibole.
Izitshalo eziningi emazweni ashisayo nasomile ngokwazo zilahla amaqabunga okusakazeka. Enye yalezi zinhlobo iCrassula. Uma ushiya iqabunga eliwile enhlabathini, khona-ke emva kwamasonto ambalwa kuzothatha izimpande bese kuqala ukukhula isitshalo esisha.
Kungcono ukutshala ama-unsulents nge-cutways entwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, zinezimpande kahle futhi ziqina phakathi nehlobo.
Ezizalweni
Izinhlobo ezingaphandle zingatshalwa kuphela kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Ungawathenga esitolo sezimbali esivamile, noma ubhale esitolo se-inthanethi.
Ungakhula ama-mopulents kusuka kwimbewu, ngokulandela izincomo zabatshali bezimbali, futhi unake ezinye izici zokuphinda kwenziwe kabusha kwe-cacti kanye ne-anculents.
Ungahlumanisa imbewu usebenzisa isitsha esikhethekile esimboze ngokusobala. Ungathenga isitsha esinjalo esitolo.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphakathi esitsheni kufanele kube namabhokisi amancane okufika. Ngaphansi kwezimbiza, izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi kufanele zenziwe.
Ukuhluza imbewu ye-unsulents kungcono kakhulu kumaminerali: ingxube yamatshe, isihlabathi kanye ne-perlite. Imbewu yezitshalo ezinjenge-aloe noma i-gasteria ihlwanyelwa kangcono e-perlite.
Ngemuva kokusakaza isendlalelo esingaphezulu kwamabhodwe, kuthathwa iphepha elinobukhulu bese ligoqeka ngesigamu. Imbewu ithululelwa esibayeni esenziwe futhi, ngokuthepha kancane kwamakhonkolo, zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwenhlabathi.
Lapho yonke imbewu isatshalaliswa ngaphezu kobuso, ifafazwa ngengqimba yesihlabathi engekho ngaphezu kuka-2 mm. Ngale ndlela, ungatshala ama-unsulents ngembewu ezinkulu nezincane.
Kubalulekile! Isendlalelo sokumpunga akufanele singeqi usayizi wembewu. Imbewu encane kakhulu ayifafazwa nhlobo.
Izilimo ziniselwa ngamanzi ahleliwe ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ukuze ungashisi imbewu, udinga ukuyinisela ngokufafaza ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Ngemuva kokunisela, isitsha sivaliwe ngesivalo noma ifilimu elisobala.
I-greenhouse iqala ukuhlanza ngemuva kokuvela. Isikhathi sokuqina sikhula kancane kancane bese isembozo sisuswa ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zifinyelele kubungako be-2 cm.
Imbewu ehlwanyelwe
Lapho ukhula ngokunikezwa imbewu, yiba nesineke. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezikhathi ezahlukile zokuhluma. Enye imbewu iqhuma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90. Sonke lesi sikhathi inhlabathi idinga ukugcinwa inomswakama.
Izithombo ezintsha zingatshalwa ngemuva kokuba izithombo sezikhulile futhi ziba okungenani ngama-5 cm ukuphakama. Kwezinhlobo ezithile, lokhu kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, ezinye kube unyaka.
Lapho kuncipha, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuhlukaniswe ebusika nasehlobo. Ngenkathi efudumele, izitshalo zidinga ukuniselwa kungabi ngaphezu kwesibili ngeviki. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngenkuthalo, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukondla ejwayelekile. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube kabili ngenyanga, ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kumiswe ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Succulents ne-cacti akakwazi ukukhula kahle ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga. Abesabi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, ngakho-ke ungabeka ngokuphephile kufasitela.
Ebusika, ngokukhanyisa okukhulu, kungcono ukubeka izimbiza ezinama-suppulents eduze kwengilazi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe ngu-2-3 C futhi kwandise ukukhanyisa kwesitshalo.
Kuyenzeka ukuthi udlulise ama-anculents zombili entwasahlobo, nasehlobo. Ukuhlolwa kwama-depulents kuzosiza ekuboneni isidingo sokufakelwa. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zizokhombisa isidingo sale nqubo:
- Kwakheka igebe phakathi kwembiza nenhlabathi.
- Kuvela izimbangela ezivela kwizimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
- Ubukhulu besitshalo budlula ivolumu lembiza.
Ekhaya, bobabili ochwepheshe kanye nabaqalayo bangathumela okudluliselwe. Ukufakelwa kumele kwenziwe, kubhekwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuze kufakelwe izikelesi ne-cacti, kubekwa imbiza, inhlabathi, amanzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwezandla. Ngaphezu kwamagilavu, kungaba yi-polystyrene noma amakhadibhodi awugqinsi.
- Cishe isonto ngaphambi kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo asisenamanzi.
- Uma umuthi onempilo uphilile, ungabe usudluliselwa ngokudluliselwa kwengqondo. Uma kunesidingo, hlola izimpande zenhlabathi yomisiwe ngokucophelela.
- Isitshalo sibekwa embizeni entsha futhi simbozwe nge-substrate. Ngemuva kokunisela, ungqimba olungaphezulu lubambozwe ngamatshe amatshe noma ngobumba olwandisiwe.
Ukuqinisekisa i-microclimate efanelekile yama-apulents exotic, angatshalwa kuma-florariums akhethekile. Lezi yizitsha ezikhethekile zepulasitiki noma ezisobala zentamo ezinentamo emincane. Imvamisa ivala ngokhokho. Ngokuvamile kuhlonyelwe uhlelo lokushisa nokukhanyisa.
UFlorarium
Lapho wenza ukwakheka okuhle, kufanele ukhethe izitshalo zendawo eyodwa. Kufanele babe nezimo ezifanayo zokunisela kanye nesidingo sokukhanyisa. Uma lo mthetho ungabhekwa, khona-ke izitshalo zizofa ngokushesha.
Indlela efanelekile nokuhambisana nemithetho yokunakekelwa kuzosiza ukukhulisa ekhaya hhayi kuphela izitshalo ezijwayele wonke umuntu, kodwa futhi kusimangaze izivakashi ezinezitshalo zakwamanye amazwe. Ukuhlanganisa ama-ancule bobunjwa nemibala ehlukene, ungakha ukwakheka okuhle okuzoba ngumhlobiso wendlu.
