Ummeleli ongaqondakaliyo futhi oyingqayizivele wombuso wamakhowe yi-mushroom enegazi lamazinyo, owathola igama ngenxa yokubonakala kwawo okungajwayelekile. Yabhalwa ngayo okokuqala ngo-1913, yize yatholakala kakhulu ngaphambili, emuva ngo-1812. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ososayensi abakazifundisisanga ngokuphelele izakhiwo zayo.
Ukubukeka (incazelo)
Abanye abamele imvelo emhlabeni wethu bayamangala futhi bethuke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-mushroom yezinyo legazi elingajwayelekile. Kwenzeka emahlathini ama-coniface endaweni yaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Kunzima ukungalinaki leli khowe, ngoba umbala walo ogqamile ngokushesha uheha iso.
Igama elithi "Gidnellum Peck" lanikezwa igama lesazi se-mycologist sase-US, uPeck, owaqala ukuthola le nhlobo. Ubukhulu bowa mkhakha buphakathi, isigqoko sikhulu kancane kuno-5 cm ubukhulu, sibukeka njengamagamu athungathiwe onephunga elincanyana le-sitrobheli, umlenze uphakeme ngo-2 cm. Kuvela amaconsi egazi akhanyayo ebusweni besigqoko, kunjengokungathi kugcwele igazi lesilwane esilimele. Lo ketshezi obomvu ukhiqizwa ukhunta ngokwawo ngokusebenzisa ama-pores. I- "Hydnellum peckii" icishe ifane ne-boletus nge-wedge elichithekile noma ujusi we-currant. Umzimba umhlophe, ucwebe, uphenduka onsundu ngokuguga.
Isici esiyinhloko se "zinyo elinegazi "ukuthathwa kwamanzi enhlabathini kanye nokudla kwezinambuzane ezincane eziwela kuwo ngokungazi. Igama elithi "izinyo" lavela egameni hhayi ngengozi. Lapho i- "Hydnelum Peck" ikhula, kuvela okubonisiwe emaphethelweni ayo.
Uyadla noma cha?
I- "Gidnellum Peka" isho ukuhlelwa kwamakhowe we-agaric (ama-Agaricales), noma kunjalo, ngokungafani namakhowe afanayo, awudli. Akunabo ubuthi emzimbeni wezithelo, ingozi iphuma kuphela kumbala wesigqoko (atromentin). Ubuthi bayo busafundwa futhi kuze kube manje akwaziwa ukuthi luyingozi yini ebantwini. Amakhowe awanambitheki ngokunambitheka - kuyadingeka ukuthi ethuse abantu nezilwane.
Likhula kuphi futhi nini ikhowe lezinyo legazi?
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, leli khowe likhula emahlathini acwengile e-Australia, eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. E-Russian Federation, ungayibona kakhulu futhi kungasekwindla kuphela kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuLwezi. Akugcinanga lapho, kwatholakala e-Iran, North Korea nase Komi Republic.
Umhlali wasehlobo: Izici zokupholisa izinyo elinegazi
Kulesi sifundo, ososayensi bathole ukuthi ijusi le-fungus liqukethe i-atromentin, okuyi-anticoagulant ethile. Ingasetjenziselwa ukuvikela ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi nokwenza ngcono ukujiya kwegazi. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezicubu zotshwala kanye noketshezi onobuthi ovuthiwe wesikhunta kusiza ekwelapheni ukulimala, ngoba owokugcina ukhulume ngezakhi ze-antibacterial.
Ekwenzeni kwezokwelapha, i-anthromentin ayikasetshenziswa.
Abanye odokotela banethemba lokuthi maduze nje, kuzokwakhiwa izidakamizwa ezisuselwa entweni ebubende, ngokufana ne-penicillin, nokuyilapho kutholwe khona isikhunta segama elifanayo.
Ukufana nezinye izilwane
I-fungus inezihlobo eziseduze:
- I-Rusty Hydnellum (Hydnellum Ferrocineum). Ingahlukaniswa kalula "ngezinyo elinegazi" ngesikhathi sokuguga; ekuqaleni, umzimba omhlophe onamaconsi abomvu e-hue uqala ukufana nokugqwala.
- I-Blue hydnellum (iHydnellum caeruleum). Ikhula eduze kwama-mosses amhlophe emahlathini aseNyakatho Yurophu. Ku-pulp yayo, amaconsi afanayo avele nge-tint enegazi, futhi umbala wakhe ohlukile okwesibhakabhaka uhlukaniswa. Ngokuguga, isikhungo sesigqoko sinsundu.
- I-Odorous Hydnellum (Hydnellum suaveolens). Umzimba wezithelo okhanyayo onama-spikes aluhlaza mnyama ngenxa yokuguga, unephunga elimnandi. Uketshezi obomvu awuvezi.
