ISchisandra chinensis yaziwa nangokuthi yi-schisandra. NgesiShayina, igama lalesi sitshalo lizwakala njengo- "u-wei-tsu", elihumusha ngokweqiniso ngokuthi "izithelo ezinambitha ezi-5." Ngomuthi waseShayina, uhlala endaweni yesi-2 ngemuva kwe-ginseng esohlwini lwezinto zokuphilisa.
Uma uhlikihla isiqu se-lemongrass, amaqabunga awo noma usikha ucezu lwezimpande esandleni sakho, ungawuzwa ngokushesha iphunga le-lencimu lolamula. Kungakho lesi sitshalo saqanjwa ngegama.
Imvelaphi nokubukeka
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo leli siko yiChina. Izibalo zeBotanical zikhombisa ukuthi kulesi sifunda cishe amahektare angama-2000 omhlaba ambozwe ngamabhasi e-lemongrass. ISchisandra luhlobo lomndeni wakwaMagnolia.
Schisandra chinensis
Lolu uhlobo lwe-liana olutholakala ezifundeni ezisentshonalanga, eSiberia naseSifundazweni i-Amur, ezifundeni zase-Urals naseKuril Islands, ogwini lwesifunda sasePrimorsky. Usonta iziqu zezihlahla nezihlahlana ezothile.
Ama-Liana amahlumela avumelana nezimo, awephuli lapho ugobile futhi ukhula ubheke phezulu. Iziqu zinegxolo elinsundu elimnyama. Kumahlumela amasha, amagxolo akhanya futhi abushelelezi, kwizinga zakudala - ezinemikhono, ezinwebekile. Ubude besitshalo bungamamitha ayi-10-18. Ububanzi besiqu cishe buba ngu-2,5 cm.
Amaqabunga e-schisandra abomvu ansundu, uma uqhathanisa nombala wegxolo lomlobi, akhanya. Ziyi-elongated, zifana neqanda elinephuzu engxenyeni engenhla. Okuhlobene ihlumela kutholakala engela ka-40-45 ° node: izinso ezi-3 endaweni ngayinye. Izinso eliphakathi lithuthuka ngokukhuthele ukwedlula omakhelwane bawo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Isitshalo seSchisandra sinezithombe eziningi, ngakho-ke ezimweni zemvelo zingatholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile. ISchisandra ingathatha ifomu lesihlahla, futhi iphinde isabalale emhlabathini, igobe iziqu kanye nezibambo.
Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga okusaqanda anezisekelo ezidwetshiwe, umbala wotshani. Ngasikhathi sinye, isibonakaliso sangaphandle se-schisandra ukuthi ama-petioles anombala wamakhorali. Ubude bephepha bungamasentimitha ayi-10, ububanzi buphindwe izikhathi ezi-2. Amahlamvu atholakala endaweni yonke yesiqu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa.
Ngabe iqhuma kanjani i-lemongrass? Entwasahlobo, kuvela izimbali ezimhlophe ezi-waxy ezinephunga elimnandi eliqhamile eziqwini ze-Chinese liana. Ngendlela, imbali ye-lemongrass ifana nekhophi elincanyana le-magnolia.
Izimbali ze-lemongrass
Kwakhiwa i-ovary yezithelo eziqhakaza izimbali; amahlumela amajikijolo abomvu avuthwa ekwindla. Amajikijolo ahlala ezigxotsheni zomakhi noma ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga esewile. Banokunambitheka okumuncu ngamanothi e-tart.
Incazelo yezithelo nezakhiwo zazo
Izithelo zesitshalo zinesimo sebhulashi elinesithasiselo esidala, lapho sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-40 amajikijolo, sinobubanzi obungu-5-10 mm. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okugcwele, ubude beshashi bufika ku-10 cm, ububanzi - 4 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhulashi inesisindo esingu-1.5 kuya ku-15 g. Isisindo se-berry esisodwa sihhafu wegramu.
Izithelo ezintsha zibomvu okhanyayo, amajikijolo omisiwe abomvu obomvu, kwesinye isikhathi aze abe mnyama. Inambitha amajikijolo amuncu nge-tart flavour. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincanyana sejikijolo kune-pulp yamathenda enamanzi, okuvela kuyo ukuthi kulula ukusitha ijusi.
Ama-lemongrass amajikijolo aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezilandelwayo zomkhondo. Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo sithole isicelo kubazingeli - kuphela idlanzana lamajikijolo elivumela umuntu ukuba angashayeli isilwane ngokungakhathali, ngokuba nomthelela onamandla emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufakazelwa ukuthi lamajikijolo akhulisa i-acuity ebonakalayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Namuhla, izithelo zalesi sitshalo zisetshenziswa ngokuqinile emithini yabomdabu baseSiberia. Ukulungiselela, aqukethe amajikijolo e-schisandra, asiza ukubhekana nokuphefumula okufushane, kunomthelela wokuqiniswa kwemisipha, kuvuselela ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo, futhi kuthuthukise izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni.
Amajikijolo eSchisandra aqhakambisa izinqubo zokucasha ku-cortex e-cerebral, athinte kahle uhlelo lwezinzwa kanye nomsebenzi we-Reflex, enze isimo sibe ngcono ngokwengqondo, futhi sithuthukise isimo somoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalungiselelo asuselwa ku-lemongrass awanikeli imiphumela emibi futhi awaholeli ekunciphiseni kwezicubu zezinzwa.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zamaShayina (Far Eastern) Schisandra
Ezifundeni ezihlukile zeMpumalanga Ekude, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ze-Chinese liana, ezikhula emahlathini. Emasimini ungathola izinhlobo ezi-2: "Izibulo" kanye ne "Ingadi - 1".
Izibulo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zeSchisandra creeper zivunyelwe abafuyi baseMoscow. "Izibulo" linamajikijolo amancane amancane, isikhumba saso siphuzi, inyama ibomvu. Ibhulashi elivuthiwe lalezi zinhlobonhlobo liyi-10-12 cm ubude, isisindo salo lisukela ku-10 kuye ku-12 g. Uma ngabe "izibulo" litshalwe endaweni evulekile, khona-ke isihlahla saso sizoba ngobukhulu obuphakathi, uma umvini usondele kwezinye izihlahla noma unezinhlaka ezime nkqo, khona-ke ubude buzoba ngamamitha ayi-5.
Izibulo
Lokhu kuhlukahluka. Ukuphazamiseka okuyinhloko kwezinhlobonhlobo kungukungamelana kahle kwezifo nokuchayeka emiphumeleni emibi yokushisa komoya okuphansi.
Ingadi-1
Le nhlobonhlobo ye-Chinese schisandra ayidingi ama-pollinators, iyi-hybrid yokuzilolonga. Abanini balesi sivuno sezinhlwathi ezingama-4-6 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngokukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela futhi kunikeza ukhipha izingadi eziningi. Ubude bokuxubha kwaleli banga 9 cm cm.
Ingadi 1
Ngokungafani "Izibulo", iyamelana nesithwathwa.
I-Schizandra transplant ngemuva kokuthenga endaweni evulekile
ISchizandra shrub, yize iyixakile ngezindawo zaseRussia, iyisitshalo esingenakubekezela. Ukuze ingadi yezingadi zilethe izilimo, kudingeka wazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani i-lemongrass.
Okudingayo kokwehla
Ngaphambi kokutshala isiko emhlabathini, kudingeka izindlela ezilandelayo zokulungiselela:
- Susa inhlabathi ngokucophelela. Izithasiselo ezifanele kungaba yi-peat noma i-humus, umlotha, i-ammonium nitrate ne-superphosphate.
- Kuyadingeka futhi nokunakekela imisele ukuze kuvikeleke ukubola kwezimpande: kufanele kufakwe izitini ezichotshoziwe noma amatshe amatshe womfula.
- Ngosizo lwezithasiselo ezikhethekile udinga ukufinyelela ezingeni elingathathi hlangothi le-acidity yenhlabathi.
Ukunaka! Ezilungele kakhulu ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile yizithombo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala.
Indawo enhle
Umbuzo wokukhetha indawo ongatshala kuyo i-lemongrass yaseJapan kumele uthintwe ngokukhulu ukucophelela, ngoba uhlobo olunempilo lwesiko nokukhiqiza kwalo kuncike kulokhu. Indawo okufika kuyo kumele ihlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhanya kwelanga okuhle. Isiko lidinga ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi amaqabunga alo agcina umbala omuhle oluhlaza ogqamile, futhi amabhulashi ezithelo aneziqu ezinde. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokuphelele i-lemongrass, kufanele ikhanyiswe yilanga okungenani amahora angama-8 ngosuku. Ngokushoda kwelanga, amaqabunga aba aphuzi, usayizi webhulashi lezithelo uyancipha. Indawo ekahle yokutshala i-lemongrass ingxenyeni eseningizimu yesayithi.
- Bufakazi bokwakhiwa Amagagasi omoya anamandla, ikakhulukazi ekwindla nasebusika, angadala ukufa komvini. Kunconywa ukutshala lesi sitshalo eceleni kwama uthango noma izindonga, lapho singathola khona ukwesekelwa okwengeziwe.
Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika
Emadolobhaneni angaphansi komhlaba, i-lemongrass ingatshalwa ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Imiyalo yokufika:
- Imigodi ejulile engama-40 cm yenziwa enhlabathini, ububanzi bayo bungama-50-60 cm.
Ukutshala lemongrass
- Ngaphansi komgodi kugcwele inhlanganisela yokudonsa, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona ingxube yomhlaba o-deciduous, i-turf ne-humus ngokulingana kwe-1: 1: 1, ngokufakwa kuka-500 g komlotha kanye nama-200 g we-superphosphate.
- Imivini itholakala emhlabathini kude ne-1 m ukusuka komunye nomunye. Uma isiko likhula eceleni kwesakhiwo, imitha eyi-1-1,5 kufanele ibuyiselwe odongeni lwesakhiwo. Lokhu kuzovikela izimpande emvuleni egeleza ophahleni.
- Ngesikhathi sokutshala, akunconywa ukujula ngokuqinile i-lemongrass.
Ungayisakaza kanjani i-lemongrass
I-schisandra yaseChinese ingasakazeka ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ngokusika, ukuhlukanisa, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla noma imbewu. Imvamisa, ukusikwa noma imbewu ithathwa ngenjongo yokutshala.
Izimbumbulu
Ukusakazeka ngokusikeka kuyinqubo enzima. Isimo esiyingqayizivele sesitshalo saseJapan ukuthi yingxenye kuphela yazo zonke izihlahla ezisikiwe zokusakazeka ezizokwazi ukukhula.
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe esikhathini kusukela maphakathi noJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti, kuthathwa amahlumela amancane acishe abe ngu-50 cm. Ukudubula kumele kube ngokuphele futhi kuphele ngesihloko esimfushane. Ama-cut amahlumela asikiwe abe yizisiki ezinobude obungu-10-15 cm.
Kubalulekile! Ukusikwa kwesibambo esingezansi kufanele kube ngu-5 mm ngaphansi kwezinso. Bayenza idluliswe. Ingxenye engenhla yenziwa ngo-3 mm ngaphezu kwezinso, kufanele iqonde. Amacembe aphansi ayakudatshulwa.
Amaphethelo we-chamfered we-cuttings athululelwa kwisisombululo sokuvuselela ukukhula amahora angama-6 kuya kwe-12 ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngokutshala, udinga ukulungiselela abamba ukushisa okubandayo: bambe inhlabathi ehlanzekile, engeza isihlabathi esigeziwe nesifafazwe kuyo. Ukususa izingcezwana kusisombululo esinezivuselelo zokukhula, zigezwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese zitshalelwe endaweni ebandayo ebandayo.
Ama-cutways atshalwe ngokungacabangi kubude be-3-4 cm. Ukuphakama kwendawo yamahhala phakathi kwezinqumo nefilimu ebamba ukushisa kungu-15-20 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho ukusikeka kuthelwa kakhulu ngesiphu esihle futhi kumbozwe ifilimu. Contraindication kubo ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo.
Ku-greenhouse, udinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa lofika ku-25 ° C nomoya omswakama, uvula ifilimu ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kungene umoya. Akumelwe sikhohlwe ngokunisela okuhleliwe.
Etshalwe lemongrass
Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ukusikwa kuzothola uhlelo lwezimpande oluvuthiwe, bese ifilimu ebamba ukushisa izovulwa phakathi nosuku. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ungashiya lo greenhouse uvulekile ebusuku. Ngemuva kwesonto, ifilimu isuswe ngokuphelele, ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ukusika sekumi ngomumo kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Masinyane ngemuva kokushintshwa kwezivini emhlabathini ovulekile, kuyadingeka ukwethula umanyolo wamaminerali enitrogen enhlabathini ngesimo esuketshezi. Isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate (30 g ye-saltpeter ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi) noma i-slurry exutshwe namanzi ngokulingana kwe-1: 7 kufanelekile.
Eminyakeni engu-2-3 ezayo, udinga ukukhulula inhlabathi njalo, ususe ukhula futhi unisele izithombo kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3, i-liana ingadluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ukutshala imbewu
Imbewu yesiko, nayo, ayihlumi. Ama-25% kuphela embewu azokhulisa umvini.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlukaniswe, okuvumela ukukhulisa amaphesenti wokuhluma. Le nqubo ifaka izigaba ezi-3: inyanga yokuqala zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-20 ° C, ngenyanga yesibili - emazingeni okushisa angama-3-5 ° C, ngenyanga yesithathu - emazingeni okushisa angama-8-10 ° C.
Kungcono ukutshala i-lemongrass enhlabathini yasekhaya ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa lihlibilika, lijula ngo-1-2 cm. Lapho nje kuvela amahlumela, kubalulekile ukugcina imbewu isesimweni esijwayelekile futhi yomisa umhlabathi njalo. I-lemongrass yangaphakathi ikhula iminyaka emi-2, ngemuva kwalokho izithombo sezilungele indawo evulekile.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe! Endaweni evulekile, i-liana idinga ukusekelwa egatsheni. Ngaphandle kokuxhaswa, i-lemongrass ibukeka njengesihlahla, umkhiqizo wayo uphansi.
I-trellis iyisisekelo esifanele. Kungumugqa wezikhonkwane ezibunjiwe, ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha ayi-2,5. Lezi zikhonkwane zihlanganiswa ngocingo ngesilinganiso esingu-0.5, 0,7 no-1 m. I-liana iboshelwe kwi-trellis ngaphandle kokususa amahlumela kuyo ebusika.
Ukunakekelwa nokukhula kweSchisandra yaseChina
Imodi yokunisela
Ukunisela okuhleliwe yisimo sokukhula okusebenzayo nokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ekushiseni, kufanele futhi ufafaze umvini.
Ukunaka! Ngokungafani nezimbali zasekhaya, kuyadingeka ukunisela futhi kufafaze i-lemongrass ngamanzi afudumele. Ukunisela kumele emva kokufaka umanyolo enhlabathini. Ukuze izakhi zomswakama kanye nomswakama zihlale emhlabathini isikhathi eside, umhlaba uhlanganiswe ngotshani.
Umuntu okhela okudala ehlobo udinga cishe amabhakede ayi-6 amanzi enkcenkcesheni eyodwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuzalela izinhlobo zengadi akunangqondo ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo enhlabathini. Entwasahlobo, lapho ihlumela lezinselo livuleka, ngoba kudliswa ama-40 g we-nitrogenous, phosphorus kanye nomanyolo we potassium. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-nitrofoska ngumanyolo omuhle kakhulu. Lapho inqubo yezimbali isiqeda e-lemongrass, kuhlanganiswa ingxube ka-20 g ye-nitrogen, i-15 g ye-potassium ne-15 g ye-phosphorus.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lesi sitshalo sihlanganiswa nomanyolo we-organic, sifakwe emanzini ngokulingana kwe-1: 15. Ngemuva kokuvunwa, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngomlotha kanye ne-superphosphate.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela eyiyo yokulungisa idinga njalo emva kweminyaka emi-23 yokufaka umanyolo wenhlabathi ngomquba we-5 kg nge 1 m².
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ngaphambi kwesiqalo sokuqala, ama-lianas aniselwa kakhulu, ungqimba lwesikhongo lubekwa phansi kwesisekelo somvini we-magnolia. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, imivini yabantu abadala izokwazi ubusika ngaphandle kokukhosela. Izitshalo ezisencane kumele zimbozwe ngengqimba yamahlamvu omile namagatsha akhula ngesihlahla sonwele.
Ilungiselela i-lemongrass ebusika
Ezindaweni ezinobusika obandayo, kunconywa ukukhipha imivini kusekelo, ubophelele ndawonye ugobe phansi, bese umboza ngamahlamvu awile, amagatsha akhula ngesihlahla sonwele kanye nefilimu.
I-schisandra exotic ikhula kahle ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezinomswakama. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi isitshalo se-lemongrass sekhishi lasehlobo asilungile kwezinye izifunda zaseRussia. Uma unakekelwa kahle, umvini we-Chinese magnolia uzokhula ngenkuthalo futhi uthele izithelo kahle.
