I-rose ithandwa ubuhle besihlahla uqobo, ubuhle bezimbali, futhi, ngephunga elihlukile nelinobuthakathaka. Phambilini, izakhamizi zaseRussia maphakathi zazikwazi ukuholela abantu abavela ezindaweni eziseningizimu, kepha zona ngokwazo bezingavoti ukulima lembali enhle esizeni sayo. Kepha namuhla, zonke izindlu ezi-3 ziqhosha okungenani isihlahla esisodwa se-rose.
URosa Maritim: izici zebanga
Enye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu iyi-rose. Kusukela maphakathi no-2019, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwalezi zimbali ezingama-1000 zale mbali, kanye nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10,000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe abayeki; izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-35 ezintsha ze-rose zinelungelo lobunikazi minyaka yonke. Izitshalo zahlanganiswa ngezimpawu ezintsha, imibala emisha yama-petals.
Indlovukazi yendawo engaphansi komhlaba
Ngaphezu kobuhle, i-rose inezokwelapha. Futhi, ama-rose amacembe asetshenziswa ku-cosmetology kanye ne-perfumery. Ngokwe-Culinary, i-rose nayo yathola ukusetshenziswa kwayo: izinongo zibilisiwe kulo, amacembe ayagcotshwa, asetshenziswe njengesengezo setiye noma njengesithokelo.
Izinhlobo ze-Maritim rose zaqokwa ngabalimi baseGerman ngo-2007. Futhi usethole ukwamukelwa okufanelekile kusuka kubalimi baseYurophu nabaseRussia. Lesi isitshalo esidala esingowomndeni wakhuphuka we-rose. Ekuphakameni, isitshalo esidala sifinyelela kumamitha amathathu.
Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Njengoba sekudlule iminyaka eyi-12 kuphela kwethulwe izinhlobonhlobo, bakhuluma ngokuqapha mayelana nokuphakama kwangempela kwalesi rose.
URose Maritim ukhula ngokuphakama kancane, akhula ikakhulukazi ezinhlangothini. Isihlahla sifinyelela kububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-150. Isitshalo sinamahlumela aqinile futhi aqinile, afinyelela ku-1.5 cm ububanzi. Okuhlaza okotshani kushiya uphawu lokukhuphuka kwama roses.
I-buds yale nhlobo ye-rose ifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Mikhulu, ifinyelela ku-15 cm ubukhulu, enenqwaba yama-petals. Kuqala, efihlekile uvule ngesimo ibhola, kodwa lapho izimbali nokuvula iba isicaba.
I-inflorescence eyembulwe ekugcineni ayivezi umnyombo. IRosa Maritim imelana nokukhuthaza, ngesimo selanga elikhanyayo, ngakho-ke umbala wama-buds uhlala ukhanya futhi ugcwele phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yezimbali. Ngenkathi yesitshalo, lesi sitshalo sinokuqhakaza amahlandla ama-2-3, ngezigaba ezimfushane zokuphumula, kuya ngesifunda esitshalwe kuso.
Maritim rose: izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Izinzuzo nezinzuzo ziyavela lapho lokhu kuhluka kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezincazelo ezifanayo. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo eminyakeni edlule yocwaningo nangemva kokuhlaziya incazelo kanye nokuphendula kwabalimi, kwatholakala izinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi futhi okuphezulu, kanye nokusalungiswa;
- imiqumbe emikhulu emboze sonke isitshalo;
- izimbali eziphindaphindwayo kuyo yonke inkathi;
- ifomu elilungele isihlahla, elisetshenziselwa izinto ezahlukahlukene zokwakha.
Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Ikhwalithi engemihle eyambuliwe iyodwa kuphela - iphunga elibuthakathaka, cishe elingekho.
Ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo, i-rose Maritim ithatha ukuziqhenya kwendawo okusetshenziselwa ukwakha ukwakheka komhlaba. Indawo ethandwa kakhulu yokutshala ibhekwa njengezicijile, uthango noma udonga. Isitshalo sinesimo esiguquguqukayo nesilalelayo, esikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-rose uma ufisa ukudala ama-arches, imigudu, uthango nezibalo.
Kanye ne uthango
Ukutshala nokukhulisa imbali
Maritim watshala rose phakathi ekwindla: ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha isikhathi sokutshala ukuze isitshalo sikwazi ukumila ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Izinto zokutshala zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili, ngokuyisisekelo yisithombo esilungele ukuhluma esinezimila, ngohlelo oluyimpande olwakhiwe kahle nesiqu. Isithombo sithengwa enkulisa noma ezitolo ezikhethekile, kodwa kwezinye izimo singamila ngokuzimela.
Kulokhu, abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi basebenzisa:
- ukuhluma kwembewu;
- ukusika;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela indawo lapho ihlathi lizokhula khona. Le nhlobonhlobo ye-rose imelana nesimo sezulu, kepha akufanele uthathe noma yimaphi amathuba. URose uthanda ilanga futhi kufanele avikeleke kokusalungiswa. Noma kunjalo, i-shrub idinga ukufinyelela kwamahhala komoya omusha. Izintandokazi kufanele zinikezwe enhlabathini evundile nethambile.
Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Amanzi amile kanye nomhlabathi eduze kwesistimu yezimpande akufanele kube njalo. Uma kunobungozi, kufanele kufakwe indawo yokukhuculula imisele.
Futhi, ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukulungiselela izinto zokutshala. Kulokhu, lesi yisithombo asikhishwa emaphaketheni bese sibekwa amahora angama-24 emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokhu, udinga ukususa amahlumela angenamandla, ungashiyi izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezi-5 eziqine kakhulu. Amahlumela uqobo nawo adinga ukufinyezwa afike ku-15 cm. Uhlelo lwezimpande kufanele luhlolwe ngokucophelela nezimpande ezonakele zisuswe ngokucophelela, uma zikhona. Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi yisithombo sifakwa engxenyeni enamanzi futhi igcinwe kuso amahora angama-5.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kulungiselelwe umgodi wokufika. Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube cishe ngamasentimitha angama-50. Amanzi abekwe phansi komgodi bese kuthi ingxube yezakhi ithululelwe. Ngemuva kwalokhu, yisithombo sifakwa emgodini olungiselelwe futhi ugcwele inhlabathi. Intamo yezimpande akufanele ihlale ijule ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amane. Ngemuva kokutshala, i-Maritim rose iyathelwa ngesisombululo sodaka lwamanzi bese iziqu ziboshwe.
Ukufakelwa
Nakekela ukwenyuka kwe-rose Maritim
IRosa isitshalo esithanda amanzi, ngakho-ke idinga ukuthambisa njalo, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala. Izidingo eziphambili zamanzi wokunisela - kumele zixazululwe, ngaphandle kokubanda. Kukhanya ekuseni nakusihlwa ukuze uvikele ukushiswa yilanga kuleso sitshalo.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhule siphilile futhi sibole, umuntu akumele avumele inhlabathi yomile ngaphansi kwesihlahla. URosa udinga ukufinyelela njalo komoya-mpilo ezimpandeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isihlahla kudingeka sikhululwe njalo ukhula kufanele lubhekwe. Okondla, njengomthetho, kukhethwa umanyolo we-organic. Okuhle: Umanyolo wenkomo wezinkomo.
Izihlahla kwenzeka njengoba kudingeka isizini yonke. Isihlahla sisikwa kungaba ukunikeza isitshalo isimo esidingekayo, esihleliwe, noma silondoloze ukubukeka okunempilo esitshalweni. Susa amahlumela abuthakathaka, aphukile, ama-buds aphelile noma ahlulekile ukuthuthuka.
Kubalulekile! Uma udinga ukuthuthela isitshebo esidala endaweni entsha, lapho-ke kufanele kwenziwe amalungiselelo anele.
Ukuze isihlahla esitshalwe kabusha sinikeze izimbali kangcono kunangaphambili, kufanele ulandele imithetho elula yokufakelwa.
Ngokufakelwa, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla kwaphakathi kufanelekile. I-rose kufanele ilungiswe: amagatsha amadala, abuthakathaka futhi awomile ayalungiswa, ukuphakama kwesihlahlana akufanele kudlule i-0.5 m. Izimpande zidinga ukumba ngokucophelela, zigcinwe inqwaba yobumba. Ngemuva kokumba, uhlelo lwezimpande kufanele luboshwe ngendwangu ethambile noma i-gauze.
Emgodini omusha, kuyadingeka ukubeka umanyolo kanye nomanyolo, bese ufaka isitshalo esiboshwe ngebhande. Ukufaka umoya kungasuswa kuphela lapho umgodi usugcwele inhlabathi. Lokhu kuzovumela izimpande ukuthi zithathe isikhundla esisha ngobumnene nangaphandle kwengcindezi. Ngemuva kwalokho umgodi ugcwaliswa ngokuphelele, kuyilapho kudingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi isihlahla se-rose sisezingeni elifanayo nelasekuqaleni kwendawo yokutshala.
Shelter ebusika
Ukuze i-rose ibe nobusika ngempumelelo, kufanele ilungiselelwe. Isihlahla sihlanzwa amahlumela amadala kanye namahlumela, kusele amahlumela anempilo ayi-10-15 kuphela ebusika. Isisekelo sesihlahla siguqulwa yi-peat kanye ne-humus. Amahlumela aqoqwa ngenqwaba eyodwa futhi aboshwe. Uma kukhona izikhala phakathi kwamahlumela, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uguqule isihlahla ngamawele we-coniferous. Ngemuva kwalokho i-rose kufanele iboshwe ngezinto ezifakwayo, isibonelo, i-peke noma i-agrofibre.
Kubalulekile! Ungayimboza nge-polyethylene, kepha udinga ukubheka ikhwalithi yayo. Ifilimu kumele iguquguquke futhi ibe mnene.
Izimbali
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo, kwesinye isikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-Maritime rose, zingezokubukeka kabusha kwe-rose ekhuphuka izimbali enkulu yanamuhla. Kungakho ukugeleza kwezimbali kwama roses eMitim kuhlala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Konke kuncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwesifunda sokufika nokuthi yisiphi isimo sezulu esimeni sonyaka. Izimbali zipendiwe ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene ebomvu ye-raspberry: isuka kupinki egqamile kuye ku-lilac ebuthakathaka. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokuqhakaza ngezimbali, kubukeka njenge-rose ephezulu.
I-rose blooms, emboza yonke isihlahla ngamahlumela, kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza okugcwele, shrub ikwimodi ethulile okwesikhashana. Ngalesi sikhathi, uthola okudingayo ngokuqhakaza kwezinto zomkhondo nezakhi zomzimba. Isikhathi sokuphumula sincike ezimweni zezulu futhi kungahlala kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kumaviki ayi-6.
UBud
Ukunakekela isitshalo ngesikhathi nangemva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali akuhlukile kakhulu ekunakekelweni okujwayelekile. Ukuphela kwento, lapho sekuqhakaza izimbali nangesikhathi sokuphumula, ama-Maritim rose adinga ukugqokwa ngaphezulu okuphezulu ngendlela yomanyolo we-organic kanye ne-mineral.
Uma i-shrub isikhathi eside ingatholi umbala noma ama-buds asethulile awawi, kubalulekile ukubheka izinga lomswakama kanye nokuqina kwenhlabathi. Ukugcwala kwamanzi ngokweqile kungamisa ukuhamba kwe-rose kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sibuyele kokujwayelekile. I-Soil acidity ibuye ithinte ukwakheka kombala.
Ukunaka! Ukunciphisa i-acidity, nisela i-rose ngesisombululo se-alkaline.
Ukusakazwa kwezimbali
Ungalungisa i-Maritim rose ukuze isakazeke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ebusika ungasakaza kuphela uma kungezimo zasekamelweni. Akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa i-rose ebigcinelwe inkathi ebandayo.
Isihlahla sisakazeka ngezindlela zokusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha ihlumela, elisanda kulahla wonke ama-buds. Ukudutshulwa kuklanywe ngommese obukhali obukhali, engela lika-45 °. Zonke izigaba zokusikwa kwesikhathi esizayo kufanele zenziwe, zibheka le engeli.
Leli hlumela lisikiwe kube yizisiki, cishe u-10-15 cm ubude. Kubalulekile ukuthi okungenani okungenani ama-ejenti akha izinso ama-3 asale kulengxenye. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusikwa okulungiselelwe kufakiwe esitsheni samanzi. Uketshezi akufanele lumboze amagatsha kungabi ngaphezu kwengxenye.
Ukunaka! Ukusheshisa ukuhluma emanzini, ungangeza isidakamizwa esinjenge "Kornevin."
Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela aqhakaze, udinga ukulinda aze afike kububanzi obungu-2-3 cm. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izinqubo zihlukaniswa isibambo ngehlamvu elicijile nelincane, elingaqondakali, libamba amagxolo amancane. Bese iphinda ibekwe kusixazululo esinezakhi zamanzi izinsuku eziningana. Ngemuva cishe kwesonto, amahlumela angadluliselwa enhlabathini bese aqhubeka nezimpande ekhaya. Uma i-rooting isidlulile kahle, khona-ke ngesizini ezayo izinto zokutshala zingathathelwa zingene emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Le nhlobonhlobo ye-rose imelana nezilokazane nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezitholwa yisitshalo sezinhlobonhlobo zensimu. Ukuphela kwesifo esikhona kwi-Maritim rose yi-powdery hlobo. Kubonakala kusuka kokuswakama okweqile. Ngemuva kokutholwa kwesikhunta, kuyadingeka ukuthi kube ngokwejwayelekile ukuthambisa kwesitshalo nokuphatha amaqabunga esihlahla ngesixazululo sensipho yokuwasha.
Ukunaka! Futhi, i-rose ingahle ithambekele ekuhlaseleni ngama-aphid. Ama-aphid ngesikhathi esifushane angamboza wonke amaqabunga nezithombo zesitshalo, enza ukubukeka kwazo zombili izihlahlana nezimbali eziqhakazayo. Ungasusa ubunzima ngosizo lwamakhemikhali akhiqizwe ngokukhethekile kulezi zinambuzane.
URose udinga ukunakekelwa, uthando nokunakekelwa. Kodwa-ke, akayona into ebabazekayo njengoba kungabonakala. Le mbali emnandi futhi enhle inamandla amakhulu. Uma ufunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-rose, khona-ke izogcwalisa abalimi, bobabili abathandi nabaqeqeshiwe, ngentokozo nobuhle iminyaka eminingi.
