Izifo ze-Orchid: amabala amnyama nezinye izinhlobo zezifo zezitshalo kanye nokwelashwa kwazo

Imbali ye-orchid e-fanciful izohombisa noma iyiphi i-windowsill. Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi i-exot ifunelwa ukuyinakekela. Ukuze athokozise amalungu omndeni, kubalulekile ukwazi izimfihlo zokutshala kwayo. Phakathi kokunye, kubalulekile ukuba nombono wezifo ongahle uhlanyele isitshalo. Kukhona eziningi zazo, ngayinye inesizathu sayo futhi, ngokufanele, indlela yokwelashwa.

Izici Zokukhathalela I-Exotic

Phakathi kwamaphuzu amakhulu okufanele unake umuntu okhulisa imbali ebonakalayo yile elandelayo:

• inhlabathi;
• indawo yokuhlala enhle;
• ukunisela okunekhono;
• isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa
• ukugqoka okuphezulu.

Imbali yeTropiki ithambekele ezifweni ezijwayelekile

Inhlabathi

Indlovukazi yezindawo ezishisayo ayikwazi ukuvela ezweni elijwayelekile. Izimpande zidinga umoya. Ngakho-ke, i-substrate kumele ibe ekhethekile. Phakathi kwezakhi kufanele kube nezinto ezikhona:

1. amalahle
2. amagxolo esihlahla;
3. moss
4. i-fern rhizome;
5. Izigaxa zikaphayini;
6. igobolondo le-walnut;
7. Peat.

Ngenxa yalesi sitshitshi esiseduze nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo, lesi sitshalo siyozizwa sikhululekile.

Indawo yokuhlala

I-orchid kufanele izungezwe ukukhanya okukhona amahora ayi-12 ngosuku. Uma uyishiya efasiteleni, elivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga, lesi sitshalo siyasha. Izinga lokushisa lekamelo likhululekile + 23 ... +25 degrees ngesikhathi sasemini futhi okungenani +18 - kusihlwa.

Ukunisela

Moisturize inhlabathi ngendlela efike ngesikhathi. Ukunisela kungathathelwa indawo indlela yokuntywila. Imbiza, lapho izimbobo zazenziwe khona ngaphambili, yehliselwa esitsheni esinamanzi okushisa egumbini. Shiya imizuzu engu-5. Inqubo ihlelwe kanye ngesonto nengxenye ngenkathi efudumele futhi kanye njalo emavikini amabili - emakhazeni.

Ukuguqulwa

Vele uthenge isitshalo esisuswe kwezinye izimbali ezifuywayo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu kuhlala okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo exot kumele ukondle okhethekile. Bathole ezitolo ezikhethekile. Imisebenzi yenziwa ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo. Ezinye izingxube zingasetshenziswa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-60, ezinye - kanye ezinyangeni ezi-3-4.

Isitshalo esisha sihlaliswe yedwa

Izifo ezijwayelekile

Ngisho ne-orchid ekhula isikhathi eside futhi ethandwa kakhulu i-Phalaenopsis orchid ithambekele ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ukugula kuvela ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele. Ngayinye yazo inezimpawu zayo nezimpawu zayo. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezaziwayo zobuhle bezindawo ezishisayo, kuvela okulandelayo:

1. amabala amnyama;
2. ukubola oku-brown;
3. i-powdery hlobo;
4. i-plaque emhlophe;
5. izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
6. ezinye izifo.

Amabala amnyama

Ingabe kukhona amabala amaqabunga ku-orchid? Umnikazi kufanele azwakalise i-alamu. Amamaki amnyama, ansundu, amabala ama-lilac-amnyama, ansundu emafulethini amaqabunga akhombisa izifo eziningi ezingaba khona.

Amabala amancane, ukusakazeka kwawo okubonakalayo kumahlamvu, kungaba izithiyo zokulimala sekwephuzile. Lesi yisifo esithathelanayo lapho amabala amnyama aqala ukuna khona.

Izindawo ezinenkani emaqabungeni e-orchid zibonisa i-chlorosis. Ukuxilongwa kwe-chlorosis kwenzelwa imbali, inqobo nje uma kuvela kokuvela kwamahlamvu amahlamvu, kuqala ukuqina, ukugoqa.

Kubolile uBrown

Phakathi kwezifo zama-orchid, ukubola onsundu kumi ngokwahlukana. Ngenxa yalokho, imbali engafani nezinye ingafa ngesikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ekuqaleni lesi sifo sikhula ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezikhethekile, ngoba ukubola kuthatha izimpande. Kuphela lapho uhlelo lwezimpande selubolile ngokuphelele lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuguqula umbala usuka ku-emerald uye ku-grey.

I-Powdery hlobo

Phakathi kwezifo zokukhunta zama-orchid ama-Phalaenopsis nezinye izinhlobo, umuntu kufanele aqaphele i-powdery hlobo. Izimpawu zalo zokuqala ziyabonakala ngokushesha. Ngisho nomlimi we-novice angabakhomba. I-plaque emhlophe yokuqala ebonakalayo kuma-orchid. Umbala wayo ungahluka kusuka kokumhlophe ube mpunga onsomi. Uma uqala ukucabanga nge-foci, khona-ke ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezincane zokukhunta.

I-plaque emhlophe emaqabungeni e-orchid idluliselwa ngaphandle komthungo kusiqu. Isikhunta esishubile sidla isithako semifino. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbali izizwa imbi kakhulu, iqala ukubuna.

Kubolile uBrown

Amacembe aphenduka aphuzi bese alengiswa, bese ewa. Kungabonakala okufanayo nasezingxenyeni zezimbali.

I-plaque emhlophe

I-plaque emhlophe kuma-orchid ayikwazi ukubika hhayi i-powdery kuphela kuphela, kodwa futhi ilimaze isitshalo ngezinambuzane. Uma i-Powdery isikhutha ivezwa njengembali ebomvana engwevu ebukeka njengamazolo asekuseni, khona-ke ubukhona benkathazo benza ukuthi ukuqhakaza kubukeke njengoboya obumanzi bekotini, iwebhu yesigcawu. Inemvelo enamathelayo.

Inkathazo ebamba indlovukazi yezitshalo ezishisayo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-mealybug. Kuleli thafa kukhona amaqanda ama-parasite. Zincane. Ama -ormon uqobo awekho ngaphezu kwesigamu sesentimitha. Ungababona ngamehlo nqunu.

Umbungu we-Parasite nemisuka yempilo yawo

Ngaphezu kwesibungu, ezinye izinambuzane eziyisinambuzane nazo zingakhetha imbali. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

1. ama-aphid;
2. isicabucabu mite.

Lezi zinambuzane zishiya umkhiqizo ompishayo omhlophe womsebenzi wazo obalulekile kuhlamvu kanye nesiqu. Kokubili izinambuzane ne-aphid nethikhi zidla into efanayo: amajusi nezakhi zomzimba. Ngaphezu kokuba khona kwazo, lezi zinambuzane zibangela enye inkinga. Kusendaweni yokuthi isitshalo siba buthaka kancane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane asezingeni lokuphindaphindeka anda ekuphondweni kobukhona bezinambuzane. Bacekela phansi impande futhi basibulale kancane kancane isitshalo sasekhaya.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Ososayensi bazi ngamagciwane ahlukene angamashumi amahlanu angahlula isitshalo esingaphandle. Abaningi babo abazivezi isikhathi eside, bese imbali iyafa. Amagciwane amaningi anezimpawu. Isibonelo:

1. Amaphethini, iphethini le-mesh kumahlamvu, amacembe. Ingabonakala buthaka noma kucace.
2. Amacembe amasha akhula kakade ngezinhlobo ezithile, amabala.
3. Ukusuka ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ama-tubercles amnyama e-Phalaenopsis noma ezinye izinhlobo zama-orchid akhulumi nje ngesifo sokukhunta, kodwa nangamanye amagciwane.
4. Okokuqala, kwavela amabala angaqapheleki, athi akhule, abe yizimbobo.
5. Amaqabunga aqala ukuqina, omile.
6. I-Foliage ishintsha umbala ube ngompunga, obomvu, omnyama, onsundu.

Ezinye izifo

Yini ama-orchid agula ngayo namanje? Phakathi kwezifo ezingeyona ingozi ziyabonakala:

• anthracnose;
• ukugqwala
• ukunamathela.

Anthracnose

Amachashaza amnyama akhula ku-orchid emaqabunga, abese ephenduka abe yi-foci enkulu emnyama, kuwuphawu lwe-anthracnose.

Ukugqwala

Kuyaqabukela, kepha lesi sitshalo singabola. Lokhu ukugula kwesikhunta. Okokuqala, kuvela amabala amhlophe qhwa. Ibala ngalinye linjengethonsi. Ngemuva kwamaviki ambalwa, baguqula umbala babe izitini. I-Foliage imbozwe nge-plaque.

Amaphethini akhombisa ukuba khona kwegciwane

Ukuqina

Amahlamvu aqala ukunamathela ngokuzumayo. Kuvele ukukhanya okungenampilo kubo.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezifo

Amabala amnyama

Zingavela zombili ngenxa yezikhukhula zesitshalo, futhi ngokukhanya okunganele, ukungabikho komanyolo ofanele.

Kubolile uBrown

Lokhu kugula kwamagciwane kwenzeka ngenxa yesimo esingathandeki efulethini. Isibonelo, ekhaya kuyabanda kakhulu noma kunomswakama kakhulu. Mhlawumbe imbali yayikhukhulwe noma itshalwe enhlabathini evamile, lapho izimpande zifihlwe khona ungqimba lomhlabathi.

I-Powdery hlobo

Izimbangela zokugula yilezi ezilandelayo:

• ubuningi be-nitrogen engxenyeni yenhlabathi;
• umswakama omkhulu egumbini;
• ukutshala okuningana, izitshalo efasiteleni zisondelene;
• ukugcwala, njll.

I-plaque emhlophe

Ngokusho kwabalimi abanolwazi, kunezizathu eziningi zezinambuzane eziyingozi. Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili:

1. ukungatheleleki kokuqina kwezitshalo;
2. ukuntuleka kokukhanya okufanele;
3. ukusondela kwezitshalo ezithelelekile;
4. umoya osekamelweni womile ngokweqile;
5. ukuthambisa okungapheli kwenhlabathi ebhodweni;
6. umugqa osezingeni eliphansi;
7. umswakama onganele wezinsimbi zomoya, njll.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Umuntu udalulwa yileli gciwane ngenxa yokugomeka komzimba okungenamandla. Ngakho-ke kwigciwane le-orchid linamathela ekungavikelekeni kwalo kanye nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile. Okunye isizathu kungukulimaza umzimba wesitshalo.

Ezinye izifo

Imbangela ye-anthracnose, ukugqwala, nokunamathela ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Isibonelo, ukuthambisa amanzi komoya, inhlabathi, nokuba semthunzini.

Ukuba sezithunzini konakalisa isitshalo

Ukwelashwa kwe-Orchid

Ukwelashwa uvemvane wezimbali, njengoba lesi sitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngaso, kuyinqubo enkulu kakhulu. Umnikazi wembali kufanele abe ukulungele ukulwela impilo yesilwane sakhe sasekhaya. Ngenxa yeseluleko sabalimi abanolwazi, ungabhekana nezifo ezahlukahlukene ekhaya.

Amabala amnyama

Ungayelapha kanjani i-orchid uma kuvela amabala amnyama kuyo futhi igula ngokulimala sekwephuzile, i-chlorosis? Isinyathelo sokuqala nje ukudla okulinganiselayo nge-iron chelate. Ngokulandelayo, amaqabunga athintekile ayasuswa ngommese obukhali obikiwe ngotshwala. Izindawo zokusikeka zifafazwa ngomlotha wempukane. Lapho nje izingxenye ziqala ukuqina, lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge fungicides. Isibonelo:

• I-Alerin;
• UMikosan;
• Ingxube yeBordeaux;
• sulfate yethusi;
• UQurisris nabanye

Kubolile uBrown

Lesi yisifo esinegciwane. Isitshalo esinegciwane sibekwa kwi-sill yamahhala ukuze singatheleleki komakhelwane. Izindawo ezilimele ziyasuswa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, imbali iphathwa nge-Bordeaux fluid. Inqubo iphindwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-20- 35.

I-Powdery hlobo

Ukulwa nokugula esigabeni sokuqala kulula. I-plaque igezwa ngendwangu efakwe emanzini anosawoti. Isixazululo silungiselelwe kusuka kumanzi afudumele nesepha lokuwasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa izindlela:

1. Ijubane;
2. I-Topsin-M;
3. I-Fitosporin, njll.

Isikhunta Sokonakala

I-plaque emhlophe

Pa orchid emhlophe enamathelayo indlela yokuphatha? Izimuncagazi zidliwe ngokuphelele. Isitshalo sodwa, izingxenye ezithintekile ziyasuswa, inhlabathi ishintshiwe. Imbali ifafazwe ngeFitosporin noma i-Actara, iCalypso.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Le yimikhuhlane emibi kakhulu. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imbali inconywa ukuthi ichithwe.

Ezinye izifo

Anthracnose

I-anthracnosis yelashwa ngokususa amapuleti amaqabunga awonakalisiwe. Kusetshenziselwa ummese obukhali we-disinf virus kulokhu. Izindawo ezingafakwanga zifafazwe umlotha.

Ukugqwala

Isigaba sokuqala sokugqwala siphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Amaqabunga ayonakalisiwe asikiwe, izindawo ziphathwa ngomlotha.

Amahlamvu aluhlaza

Uma zingekho ezinye izinkomba ngaphandle kokunamathela okujwayelekile, khona-ke imbali ibekwa efasiteleni, lapho kunokukhanya okwengeziwe. Ungafaka amanye amalambu ngaphezulu kwawo. Igumbi linomoya omncane, kepha okusalungiswa akuvunyelwe. Amaqabunga aphathwa ngamalungiselelo wokulwa namagciwane. Ukulungela:

• Maxim
• I-Phytospirin;
• Sutomai.

Zonke izifo ze-orchid ziyinkathazo yomtshali. Ukuvimbela ukugula, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngokunakekelwa okuhle. Uma iqala ukubola, igule, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthola lesi sifo. Ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukuqala lesi sifo. Lapho ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha, ngokushesha ubuhle bezindawo ezishisayo buzokwazi ukubonwa.