ILavender iyisitshalo somuthi sokuhlobisa sasemandulo esine-phunga elinephunga eliyinkimbinkimbi lasehlobo. Ngenxa yesimo sayo esihle nokukhanya okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka ama-curbs nama-slide e-alpine. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukutshala nokunakekela i-lavender kudinga ulwazi namakhono athize, ngaphandle kwawo kuzoba nzima ukuthi imbali ijabulise abanikazi ngokuqhakaza okumnandi.
U-Lavender ungowomndeni uLamiaceae. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwesihlahla esihlala siluhlaza kungaphakathi kwengxenye yemitha. A imbali kungaba yonyaka noma zisetshenziswa. Inamaphethelo aqondile, anemiphetho egobekile, azizwe eyisiga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kunezimbali ezimbala grey noma eziluhlaza okotshani, ezinjenge-spikelets.
I-Lavender: ukukhula nokukhathalela
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Sekukonke, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-20 ze-lavender ziyafundwa. Abaziwa kakhulu kubo:
- IsiNgisi sincane. Kuhle ukutshalwa kwisimo sezulu saseRussia. Imbali iyakwazi ukubekezelela ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu. Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela ama-degrees angama-25 eqhwa. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kusuka ku-15-60 cm. Kubhekisele kwizitshalo zokwelapha. Izinhlobo ezifakiwe kulolu hlobo: Alba, Centiva Isilivere, Munstead, Rosea, Dolphin-like, Hidcote, Centiva Blue.
Izinhlobo Ezijwayelekile ze-Lavender
- I-French wideleaf. Loluhlobo lunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela ubusika; ngakho-ke, alunconywa ukulinyelwa ezimeni zaseMidland. Inketho eyamukelekayo kakhulu ukutshala imbali ebhodweni. Ngokuqala kwenkathi ebandayo, ibhodwe kufanele lilethwe endlini. Lolu hlobo lwe-lavender lukhula ngamazinga okushisa angekho ngaphansi kuka-−10 ° C. Izinhlobo ezifakiwe kulolu hlobo: Helmsdale, Tiara, Rocky Road, Regal Splendor, Willow Vale.
- Kunamathoni. Lenhlobo ayikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga aphansi okushisa, ngakho-ke kufanele ikhule ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezifudumele noma endlini (ezweni noma ekhaya). Kubhekwa njengokubukeka kokuhlobisa kuphela. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yiRoyal Crown (onsomi), iPedundulata (pink) neRegal Splendor (onsomi emnyama).
Kafushane ngomlando wokuqhakaza njengesitshalo sengadi
Igama elithi "lavender" ngokwalo linezimpande zesiLatin. Ingxenye yegama "lava" ekuhumusheni isho "ukugeza". Ezikhathini zasendulo, i-lavender yayisitshalo esihlonishwayo, esisetshenziselwa ukugeza nokuwasha, kanye nengxenye yesigaxa sokulumba. Namuhla, imbali isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekuphekeni, ekhiqizweni kawoyela nasekubunjweni komhlaba.
I-Lavender iyimbali edinga kakhulu, kepha ngokunakekelwa okufanele izokwazi ukujabulisa abaninimzi ngezimbali eziqhakazayo.
Ukukhanyisa: kunomthunzi othanda noma othambile
ILavender isitshalo esinezithombe eziningi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nasethunzini elithile, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo engadini, imbali nayo ingakhula ngokujwayelekile.
Nakani! Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, isitshalo kungenzeka singabi namandla anele okuqhakaza okuningi.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Inketho engcono kakhulu ibilisiwe noma kumile amanzi izinsuku eziningana ekushiseni kwegumbi. Isitshalo asithandi inhlabathi enamanzi, ngakho-ke akufanele ugcwalise imbali. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-25-30 ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, kufanele ususe uketshezi olusele epanini, uphinde ukhulule inhlabathi kabili ngesonto ngemuva kwenqubo. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa izinti noma ngamapulangwe, ithuluzi kufanele libe ngopulasitiki.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwe-lavender engadini
Isifutho nezinye izindlela zokuthibela
ILavender ivame ukubekezelela umoya owomile egumbini lokuphumula elifudumele, noma kunjalo, ukuvimbela izinambuzane, amahlamvu kudingeka ukuthi afafazwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapho kuvela ukhula, lususwa ngokushesha. Ukuvimbela, kunconywa ukuba mulch (Peat). I-Lavender idinga i-hilling, okufanele yenziwe okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6 (ekwindla nasentwasahlobo).
Inhlabathi
ILavender ayifunwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamaminerali we-substrate, noma kunjalo, inhlabathi emanzi futhi esindayo ayihambelani ncamashi. Inketho enhle kakhulu ngama-sandwich noma ama sand sandones. Uma inhlabathi yayisinda, kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokulingana nesihlabathi (umfula). Kuyadingeka futhi nokunakekela ungqimba lwamanzi, okubandakanya ubumba olwandisiwe, isitini esiphukile nesihlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele lishintshe phakathi kwe-6.5-8 pH. Uma kwenzeka kungahambisani, i-ash noma lime ifakwa kuyo.
Umanyolo nokufaka umquba
Izinga kanye nenani lokugqoka kuthinta kakhulu indlela i-lavender ekhula futhi ikhula ngayo, ngakho-ke akufanele ungayinaki inqubo yomanyolo wezimbali. Ukondla kunconyelwa entwasahlobo. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukondla isitshalo ngamanyolo e-nitrogen. Ukulungiselela umanyolo, kuyadingeka ukuthambisa i-urea (1 isipuni) noma i-sodium humate (2 wezipuni) emanzini (10 l). Cishe i-5 l yesisombululo sizokwanela isihlahla esisodwa.
Ukuthena okukodwa ngonyaka kuzokwanela isitshalo, okuzovumela isihlahla ukuthi sikhule, kanye namahlumela ezinkuni. Iminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni iveza ukuthi le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali - engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi. Inzuzo yokuthena ihlobo ukuthi i-lavender ingakha masisha ngokwanele inqwaba eluhlaza, icwecwe futhi enhle.
Njengoba izimbali ziqhakaza kuphela ehlobo, ama-bush avunyelwe ukusikwa entwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa liphela. Izinga lokunisela elinconyiwe - amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka. Inqubo yokuqala ivuselela izimbali, kanti okwesibili kuqinisa isihlahla.
Ngokuthena okune-curly kwentwasahlobo, kuzokwanela ukufingqa amathiphu we amahlumela ngesithathu, unikeze isitshalo ijamo le-semicircular. Ehlobo, kuzodingeka ukususa ama-peduncle kanye namabili ama-2-3 aphezulu amaqabunga.
Isihlahla sokuthena
Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sezimbali nezimbali ezinamakha akhanyayo, i-lavender ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha izingoma zomhlaba. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha lesi sitshalo ngokunembile ngenxa yokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo.
Izinhlobo zezimbali
Izimbali zase-French lavender zingaba nsomi, lilac, pink, burgundy, ziluhlaza noma zimhlophe. IsiNgisi sinezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, oluhlaza okotshani, opinki noma omhlophe kuma-peduncle acacile aqondile. Ezinhlotsheni zamazinyo, izimbali ze-lilac noma ze-violet-pink zineempawu eziningi.
Imilo yezimbali
Izimbali ze-lavender, ezivame ukuba bisexual encane, ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescences amise okwenziwe spike. Izimbali ezinkulu ezi-oblong nazo zingatholakala, konke kuya ngezimo ezahlukahlukene nezikhulayo.
Ukuqhakaza kweLavender
Isikhathi sezimbali
Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sezimbali ze-lavender sithatha izinyanga ezimbili. AmaFulentshi abukeka eziqhakaza kusuka ngo-Ephreli (Meyi) kuya kuJulayi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza okwesibili. Isikhathi sezimbali zama-lavender esiNgisi nguJulayi-Agasti.
Izinguquko ekunakekeleni kwezimbali
Abalimi abaningi bazibuza ukuthi bangayinakekela kanjani i-lavender ngesikhathi sezimbali. Eqinisweni, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngalesi sikhathi kumodi ejwayelekile. Kulesi simo, ukuthenwa akunconywa, ngoba ezimweni eziningi kwenziwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuqondene nokondla, esigabeni sokuqala kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile wamakati - i-Agricola-fantasy (noma i-rossa yendawo yonke) (2 tbsp.), Ehlanganisiwe emanzini (10 l). Esihlahleni esisodwa kufanele kube ngamalitha amane wesisombululo.
Indlela ebiza kakhulu futhi elula kunazo zonke ukusakazwa kwezithelo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayifaneleki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho abanye abalimi baphendukela ekuhlumeni kwe-lavender kusuka imbewu.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukutshala, ukukhulisa nokunakekela i-lavender endaweni evulekile akuwona neze umsebenzi olula, ikakhulukazi uma usakaza imbali ngembewu. Ukusabalalisa kahle imbewu ye-lavender, kufanele:
- Ekuqaleni kukaMashi, beka imbewu esiqandisini (ekhabetheni eliphansi).
- NgoMeyi, bakhiphe esiqandisini futhi bahlwanyele emhlabathini ovulekile.
- Mboza nge-lutrasil futhi uqaphe izinga lomswakama wenhlabathi. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa inhlabathi njalo, uqiniseke ukuthi ayomile.
- Ishelter ingasuswa ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela aqine ngokwanele.
Uma indawo lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwa khona itholakala esifundeni esinezimo sezulu ezifudumele, khona-ke ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kwenziwe ngo-Okthoba ekujuleni okufika ku-0,5 cm. Izithwathwa ezishubile ziyingozi nge-lavender, ngakho-ke kuyathandeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa endaweni yokutshala lingabi lincane kakhulu. Lapho iqhwa liwa, izilimo kufanele zimbozwe kahle. Amahlumela okuqala angalindelwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ungakhula kanjani i-lavender
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Le yindlela esheshayo futhi elula yokuzala. Ukuqeda izimpande kuyadingeka:
- Sika amahlumela waminyaka yonke abe izingxenye ze-8-10 cm ubude.
- Ama-cuttings aphumela lapho atshalwa abe yi-substrate evulekile enomswakama. Sika ingxenye engezansi bese ujula ngo-2-3 cm emhlabathini.
- Beka izimbiza zengilazi engaphezulu ngaphezulu.
- Ngemuva kokuba izimpande zikhule emuva, amathini asuswe.
Nakani! Ngaphambi kokutshala izingcezu ze-lavender emhlabathini, kunconywa ukuthi ziphathwe ngokukhuthaza izimpande ngezimpande.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona abanye abakwazi ukusakaza i-lavender:
- ukwahlukanisa isihlahla;
- ukuzala kabusha ngokugoqa.
Ungatshala kanjani i-lavender emhlabathini ovulekile? Ukudlulisa i-lavender emhlabathini ovulekile kuyinqubo ebhekene nayo. Ebudaleni, inani elikhulu lokunyakaza alithinti isitshalo ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, inqubo kumele yenziwe ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi kuphela uma igumbi lobumba liqhubuzeke ngokwanele.
Ingaphandle Lavender Transplant
Ukudlulisa izimbali ezincane kulula. Lapho ukufakelwa kwezihlahla kukhula kusuka ku-cuttings, imbewu noma izingqimba, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe kusengaphambili mayelana nendawo yokutshala. Izinhlobo zomakhelwane kufanele zihlale kubanga elilingana nokuphakama kwazo. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi izihlahla zikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka.
Nakani! Ukuze wakhe umngcele ocashile kusuka ezitshalweni, ipharamitha ebekiwe kufanele inqanyulwe. Kulokhu, izithombo zizoba njenge-monolithic ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-lavender ingadalulwa izifo noma inyamazane.
Ziyini izinkinga ngamaqabunga
ILavender isitshalo esivumelana nesomiso impela, ngakho-ke ingahlaselwa ngokuchichima. Isibonakaliso esikhulu ukupenda kwamaqabunga, amahlumela nokubola kwezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlamvu angawushintsha umbala wawo bese womile ngenxa yokugula.
Izifo ezivame ukwenzeka
Imvamisa, imbali ithinta ukucwazimula sekwephuzile, izimpawu zazo ezibonakaliswa ngesimo sombala onsundu, ukufa kwengxenye yamahlumela nokubonakala kokubola esisekelweni. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo kufanele sifafazwe nge-Biosept 33 SL (0.1%), noma i-Aliette 80 WP (0.2%), noma sinisele imbali nge-Previcur 607 SL (0,2%) noma ne-Previcur Energy 840 SL (0, 2%).
Kubalulekile! Uma izihloko zeziqu zaphenduka zaba nsundu zaqala ukufa, khona-ke mhlawumbe isikhunta esingwevu sishaye lavender. Ukuvikela lesi sifo, izimbali kufanele zitshalwe kude ukuze zibe nomoya owanele.
Izinambuzane
Ngokuvamile, i-lavender ihlushwa ukuhlaselwa:
- ama-aphid;
- amacimbi
- pennies isiqubulo. Lesi sinambuzane asikwazi ukudala umonakalo omkhulu, kepha ngenxa yomsebenzi wezinambuzane, iziqu namaqabunga kungashintsha indlela yazo ejwayelekile;
- chrysanthemum nematode. Umphumela womsebenzi we-nematode yizindawo ezincane ezimnyama emaqabungeni, okuholela ekomeni kwazo okuyingxenye.
Izinambuzane
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukhula eduze kwimbali. Kusenhlabathini evulekile ukuthi ikhula ngokukhuthele, ivimbela isitshalo esikhulile.
ILavender inokubukeka okugqamile, izimbali eziqhakazelayo nephunga elimangazayo elimangalisayo - isethi ephelele yezimfanelo ezenza abathandi bezimbali bahloniphe futhi bahloniphe leli siko. Futhi ukuqanjwa kombala ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-lavender engadini nasengadini yemifino kwenza lembali ibe yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ezithombeni ezenziwa ngabaklami bemvelo.
