Njalo umlimi uphupha izimbali zakhe eziqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi eziqhakaza kuphela ekwindla sekwephuzile. Akunzima ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle nezisebenziseka kalula zesikhathi sehlobo, kepha ngesikhathi esingaphelanga ingadi yezimbali ivame ukulahlekelwa ukukhanya kwayo. Gcwalisa izikhala entwasahlobo ngalezo zinhlobo eziqhakaza ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa selincibilika. Enye yalezi zimbali zokuqala yi-fritillaria.
Ukubukeka
I-Fritillaria, i-hazel grouse ejwayelekile, iqhakaza phakathi kwemiphetho yehlathi nasezivandeni zezimbali zabalimi entwasahlobo. Izimbali zalo ezimise okwentsimbi ziqhakaza ngokungafani nesizinda sezinye izindawo ezingalincibilikisi ngokuphelele iqhwa kanye notshani bokuqala obuluhlaza obuluhlaza.
Phakathi kwemvelo yokuvuka, inhlobo eyodwa yalesi sitshalo ibonakala ikakhulukazi - i-hazel grouse yaseRussia. Izimbali zayo zipendiwe ngemithunzi emnyama, kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, zigcwele izimbali zasentwasahlobo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-fritillaria
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Grouse Russian ingeyizitshalo ze-herbaceous zonyaka zomndeni we-Lileiny, isigaba se-monocotyledons. Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-20-50 cm, sinobuchopho obucwathile obukhulu namaqabunga amade abukhali emaphethelweni. Amapheshana angenhla amafushane kunalawo aphansi, avame ukusontwa abe yimiklamo emaphethelweni.
Izimbali zayo ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence e-racemose ama-1-5 pcs. kungaba kuma-axils amaqabunga aphezulu, noma phezulu kwesiqu. IPerianth inesimo sensimbi, kusukela ngaphandle ipendiwe maroon enamachashazi abonakala kalula. Ukusuka ngaphakathi, amacembe ane-tint ephuzi xaxa, imidwebo eluhlaza idonswa kwi-lobe ngayinye.
Ngaphakathi efihlelweni kukhona ama-stamens ne-pistil, ikholomu lazo lihlukaniswe ngezihlakala ezintathu ngempova. Imbewu ye-Russian grouse ivuthwa emabhokisini amancane ama-hexagonal (kufika ku-4 cm ubude).
Nakani! Ukuqhakaza kwezinhlobo zalolu hlobo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, futhi kugcina ngoMeyi. Njengoba i-hazel grouse ibukeka ifiphele uma uqala ukubheka, abalimi bavame ukungayibukeli phansi imbali. Kepha abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi bayakwazi ukukufanisa nokwakheka kwe-flowerbed ngokuphelele ukuze kutholakale inhlanganisela yemvelo efanelekile.
Amacembe aphezulu ale mbali ahlala akha i-tendril.
Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nemvelo
Le mbali itholakala ngokwemvelo engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, eduze kwezwe leCaucasus, eNtshonalanga yeSiberia. Ungahlangana naye e-Ukraine naseKazakhstan. I-Grouse ikhula emameleni, phakathi kwezihlahlana, emifuleni nasezindaweni ezinamadwala.
Ukusebenza emadolobheni okusebenzayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezivundile kuthinta inani lalesi sitshalo ngokwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imililo yasentwasahlobo (ngenxa yamaphutha abantu noma ngenxa yezimo zemvelo) imvamisa icekela phansi izinkambu ezivele zingajwayelekile ze-hazel grouse.
Isimo nesigaba sokuthola kabusha
I-Grouse Russian ithathwa njengesitshalo esingajwayelekile sesigaba III. Kubhekiselwa ezinhlotsheni zokuhlobisa, okukugcina kumakhaza we-CIS. Ngo-1988, wayesencwadini ebomvu yaseRussia. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sivikelwe yiNcwadi Ebomvu yase-Ukraine.
Ngemininingwane! Esinye isizathu sokunyamalala kwezimbali eziningi ezingavamile ukuthi entwasahlobo abantu babaqoqa ukuze bakhe izingcezu zokuqala zasentwasahlobo, ngoba izimbali eziqhakazile zidonsela ukunaka zivela kude. Ukugcina izici zezilwane zasendle, umuntu ngamunye ubophekile ukuba acabange ngemiphumela yezenzo ezinjalo.
Izindlela zokuphepha ezidingekayo
Ngokomthetho, kunemikhawulo ekuqoqweni kwe-hazel grouse yamaRussian ama-bouquets, ukunyathela kwayo ngamabomu nangokungahlosi, ukugunda umcamelo nesitshalo ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa kwembewu, ukugaya ama-bulbs.
Nakani! Le nhlobonhlobo ye-hazel grouse ifakiwe kuhlu lwezitshalo ezikhula futhi zivikelwe endaweni yokugcina "Belogorye".
Ukubona imbali enjalo engajwayelekile emvelweni, ungayikhi
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuzalela i-hazel grouse. Owokuqala ezansi kwenzalo. Kwenziwa kanje:
- Izinto zembewu ziqoqwa ngemuva kokuba amabhokisi esomile.
- Imbewu itshalwa ngokushesha enhlabathini elungiselelwe kwangaphambili.
- Imisele yenziwa ngobubanzi be-10 cm nokujula kwe-1 cm, ibanga phakathi kwabo ligcinwa lilingana nobubanzi bemibhede.
- Imbewu ngemuva kokutshala iyaniselwa, khona-ke 2 cm ifafazwe nge-peat. Amahlumela avela entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Kubalulekile! Indlela ayisebenzi futhi ayisebenzi ngoba ukuqhakaza izimbali kufanele kulindwe kusuka eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweli-7. Ukuqoqwa kwembewu kunengqondo kuphela ukuthola inani elikhulu lezinto zokutshala.
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Bulb
Izindlela zokukhulisa imifino ze-fritillaria zisebenza kangcono. Enye yazo ukwahlukaniswa kwe-anyanisi enkulu izingxenye ezimbili. Kwenziwa kanjena:
- Kukhale imbali endala, isibani sayo sinqunywa sibe izingxenye ezimbili.
- Izingxenye ziphathwa ngesixazululo segciwane, zomisiwe futhi zifafazwe ngomlotha.
- Isibazi ngasinye sitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile enenhlabathi.
Ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo esisha kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwesizini ezayo, okungukuthi, ngemuva konyaka.
Nakani! Akuwona wonke amabhuleki azonikeza izingane. Ukuze wandise amathuba wokuhluma, indawo yokusika ngemuva kokumiswa idinga ukumbozwa ngokusikeka lapho kufakwa khona ama-chip. Kuleli fomu, isibani sitshalwe emhlabathini.
Ukutshala isitoreji sesitoko
Amagilebhisi e-Hazel atshalwa esikhathini ekwindla, okusho ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala ihlobo kufanele kugcinwe kahle.
Amabhuleki kufanele agcinwe egumbini elomile elinomoya omncane. Ukushisa komoya akufanele kudlule ama-30 ° C. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokulondolozwa, amathuba okuqhamuka kwe-bulb ayanda.
Zibukeka kanjani izinhlobo zezimbali?
Ubuchwepheshe bokufika
I-hazel grouse yaseRussia isitshalo esingamelana neqhwa nesomiso. Kulula ukumnakekela, ngoba ezimweni zemvelo ikuphatha ngokwayo. Kepha kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezinjalo esakhiweni sokukhulisa i-hazel grouse, esizoba seduze ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni yayo yemvelo.
Indawo okufanele ifike kuyo:
- ukoma - Izikhukhula zentwasahlobo namanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele kudale ukugwilika kwamanzi enhlabathini;
- esikhanyisiwe - ukukhanya okungokwemvelo okuthe xaxa kwesitshalo, kuzokhula kangcono;
- ehlanganiswe - ukugqoka okhethwe kahle kuzosiza ukufezekisa izimbali ezisebenzayo.
Isitha esikhulu se-hazel grouse ngamanzi amile enhlabathini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ama bulbu wesitshalo abola ngokushesha, bese izimbali ziyafa.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Umhlabathi we-grouse waseRussia kufanele ube ovundile impela, kodwa okhanyayo. Kungafuneka ungqimba lwamanzi ukuze amanzi nomoya kugcule izimpande zesitshalo. I-Soil pH kufanele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-alkali. I-Acidic medium ayifanele izitshalo ezikhulayo zalolu hlobo.
Kubalulekile! Phezu kokumba kokuqala, i-humus noma i-peat, kanye nomlotha noma i-lime, kungeniswa emhlabathini. Ukwenza umhlaba uxubeke lula, kuyengezwa isihlabathi kukho.
Ubunzima obukhulayo
Ngaphezu kwenhlabathi emanzi kakhulu, ezinye izinto zingaphazamisa inqubo yezimbali futhi ziholele ekufeni kwe-hazel grouse. Isibonelo, okusalungiswa noma umoya wasenyakatho. Kuhle ukunakekela ekukhetheni indawo lapho kuzoba khona isimo esizolile (ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kodonga lwesakhiwo noma i-gazebo, eduze nezihlahlana eziminyene).
Esinye isizathu sokuntuleka kwezimbali ku-hazel grouse yaseRussia isibani se-anyanisi sincane kakhulu. Izimpande kufanele ziqiniswe emhlabathini njengoba kufanele, futhi isitshalo sithola amandla. Lokhu, kungathatha iminyaka eyi-1-2 emva kokutshala.
Le yindlela amabhokisi enzalo yembewu abukeka ngayo
Ukunakekelwa
Njengengxenye yokunakekelwa, i-grouse izodinga ukhula ngezikhathi ezithile kwenhlabathi, ukuchelela kanye nokufaka umanyolo.
Ukunisela isitshalo kuyadingeka kuphela ngesikhathi esishisayo sehlobo ukuze inhlabathi ingoma kakhulu. Ngemuva kwenkathi yokukhula, udinga ukumanzisa inhlabathi izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngenyanga, kuya ngejubane lokomiswa kwenhlabathi.
Ukufaka umquba kufanele uqalwe engxenyeni yesibini ka-Ephreli. Izingxube ezomile ezondlayo ziyasetshenziswa. Ungenza Umanyolo ngokwakho:
- 1 ibhakede le-humus;
- 1 tbsp. isipuni se-nitrophoska;
- 1 tbsp. isipuni sezolimo.
Cishe i-5 kg yengxube enjalo isatshalaliswa nge-1 m² yomhlaba.
Nakani! Ngemuva kokuphela kokuqina kwe-hazel grouse yaseRussia, udinga ukwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu okwesibili. Kepha ngalokhu, inhlanganisela ye-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate (isipuni ngasinye se-1. Isipuni) sithathwa.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokutshala ezifanele nokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi, izifo nezinambuzane kungagwenywa. Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi i-grouse ingathinteka:
- Ukhunta obhebhetheka kumabhulebhu. Ungasigwema lesi sifo kuphela ngokuhlunga zonke izinto zokutshala futhi uhlukanise negciwane kulezi ezinempilo. Ukuze uvikele izitshalo ezinjalo zitshalwa ngokuhlukile kwezinye.
- Ama-Lilybugs kanye nezimila. Bacekelwa phansi ngama-insecticides. Kepha imvamisa kunamabhungane ambalwa ezimbali, ngakho-ke angahlanganiswa ngesandla, bese ebhujiswa.
Ngesikhathi semisebenzi yezolimo, kubalulekile ukuhlola imbali ngayinye ukuba khona kwezinambuzane ezithile. Izilonda zingahle zingenzeki ngokushesha, isinali kuzoba ushintsho lombala kuma-buds noma amaqabunga.
Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Imbali enjalo izobukeka yinhle engadini yedwala noma engadini yedwala. Kuhlanganiswe ne-periwinkles, pachisander, i-stonecrops. Sizobukeka kahle ngokubhekene nesizinda sezihlahla eziqhakazile neziqhakaza ngokuqhakaza, ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
Emibhedeni yasendulo yezimbali, i-hazel grouse zezinye izinhlobo, ngokwesibonelo, zombusi noma chess, zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinhlobo zaseRussia zilungele kahle ukudala izingadi zezimbali zemvelo. Njengoba esetshale, umlimi wezimbali ngeke azisole.
