I-Verbena: ukutshala nokunakekela izimbali zisetshenziswa

I-Verbena isitshalo esingapheli esiqhakaza ngama-inflorescence amahle futhi anemibala. Inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200, ezisindayo ezimeni ezihlukile. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonakala ngezimpawu zalo, izakhiwo. Kunezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo nezinama-shrub, ngakho-ke umlimi ngamunye angakwazi ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwe-verbena, ukutshala nokunakekela okuyikho okufanayo.

Siyini lesi sitshalo se-perennial?

Imvamisa ungathola izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingoningi (hybrid) zezitshalo. Kepha futhi ungatshala kanzima, eCanada, eBuenos Aires verbena emhlabathini ovulekile. Ezinhlotsheni ezi-pink, i-violet, ezimhlophe, i-lilac, i-inflorescence ebomvu iyatholakala. Kuyaqabukela ukuthola i-tint ephuzi.

Izimbali ZaseVerbena Hybrid Zibukeka Kanjani

Ama-inflorescence atholakala phezulu kwesiqu, azungeze ama-inflorescence. Ubukhulu bawo ngamunye buncane, kufinyelela ku-2,5 cm ububanzi. E-inflorescence ingaba izimbali ezingafika ku-50. Izimbali ziqala ukusuka ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi zihlala kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, kepha zihlala kuze kube yilapho iqhwa.

I-hard verbena

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-verbena? Zonke izinhlobo zikhula ngohlobo lwezihlahla zingadluli kumamitha ayi-1 ukuphakama. Imbali ye-verbena itholakala ngokunqotshwa kweziqubu nezimvemvane eziyidlayo.

Isitshalo sithole ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. Ukucwilisa kusuka emacembe awo kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono isifiso sokudla, kuvuselele i-gag Reflex. Iphunga le-verbena, likhule ekhaya, likhulula ukukhathala, lisuse ikhanda.

I-Ampelic Verbena

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-200 ze-verbena zihlala zodwa, kepha kuphela ezinye zazo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa:

• hybrid. Lesi sitshalo sifakwa ekutholeni umbala omusha wama-inflorescence. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungenzeka kube ophuzi-owolintshi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahlana akukho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 m, ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengento engaphansi. Amaqabunga anamazinyo, asukela. Ama-inflorescences angaba yindilinga, ngendlela yama-cones, izambulela. Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yehlobo zishintsha umbala wamaphalishi. Uma unakekela izinhlobonhlobo ebusika, ziyasinda, ziba zisetshenziswa;
• ezinzima. Amaqabunga aminyene, ngesimo se-wedge, igatsha eliyisimanga, ama-inflorescence aqondile, anesimo esidala, i-lilac hue;

I-lemben verbena

• enkulu (Canadian). Isihlahla sincane, ukuphakama okukhulu ngamasentimitha angama-20. Amahlumela akhanyayo, amaqabunga athambile. Uma ufaka i-verbena ebhodweni, amagatsha azoncipha, ehla ebhodweni. Umthunzi wezimbali uhlukile: omhlophe, opinki, onsomi. Akuvamile ukuthola izinhlobonhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• ulamula. I-verbena yase-perennial inephunga le-lime. Ama-inflorescence mancane, asakazeka. Umbala ungaba lilac noma umhlophe. Amafutha abalulekile asetshenziswa kumakha atholakala kuma-petals;
• I-Buenos Aires. Inokuphakama okuphezulu kakhulu, okufika kumamitha ayi-1. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kungahlala kuze kube yiminyaka emibili ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Izimbali zinephunga elimnandi.

Noma iyiphi yalezi zinhlobo iqala kahle, uma inakekelwa kahle. Ngakho-ke, imithetho yokukhethwa kwembewu, yokutshala, yokuzala kabusha nokunakekela kufanele ibhekwe.

I-Buenos Aires Verbena

I-Verbena: Ukutshala nokunakekela

Kunconywa ukukhetha inhlabathi lapho kungekho khona ukuthinteka kwamanzi. I-bush bush ayizivumeli lezo zimo. Amaxhaphozi nezindawo eziphansi kufanele kugwenywe. Ngokuqondene nohlobo lomhlabathi, khona-ke zonke izinhlobo ze-verbena azithobeki.

Uma inhlabathi iminyene ngokweqile, ungqimba lwamanzi aqukethe itshe elichotshoziwe, izitini zezitini zibekwa emgodini. Inhlabathi evundile ibekwe ngaphezulu, okufanele ivumele umoya-mpilo nomswakama ukuba kudlule.

Lapho utshala inani elikhulu lezihlahla, cabanga ukuthi kumele kube khona ibanga okungenani lama-20 cm phakathi kwazo.Uma izinhlobonhlobo zikhulu, hlwanyela ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-40. Inzuzo yesitshalo ukuvimbela ukhula, okuqeda isidingo sokutshala ukhula.

Ukuqoqwa kwembewu

Ekwindla, amabhokisi e-verbena ayoma, abe nsundu. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ungakwazi ukuqoqa imbewu. Amabhokisi abekwa ephepheni noma endwangu bese elinda ukuthi omiswe ngokuphelele. Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kokubola, kufanele kuguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ngemuva kokumiswa ngokuphelele, imbewu iyakhutshwa, ithulule esikhwameni sephepha. Kusayiniwe ukuze kukhunjulwe ukuthi kutholakala kuphi imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezithile.

Ukutshala emibhedeni yezimbali engadini namabhodwe

Ngokutshala imbewu noma izithombo, izindawo ezinokukhanya okuhle zikhethiwe. Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya nokushisa, singakhula ngisho nasezimeni zesomiso.

Ukuze inani elikhulu le-oksijeni nomswakama lifinyelele ezimpandeni noma ezinhlanyelweni, inhlabathi yenziwa yakhululeka futhi yalula. Njengomanyolo, kusetshenziswa i-humus noma ukwakheka okukhethekile okune-pH ene-acid.

Ukufakelwa kungenziwa kuphela entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Kungenzeka ekwindla, kepha uma kungekho qhwa. Noma izithombo zingaphansi komhlaba, zizokwehlisa ukukhula kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kwe-zero.

Ngokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ibekwa kude ne-20-60 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, kuya ngezinga lokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo. Uma betshala emabhodweni, emiphongolweni, donsela amanzi - amatshe amatshe athululelwa ezansi, kuphela lapho-ke egcwele inhlabathi.

Uma kusetshenziswa izingxenye zesitshalo, zimbiwa kanye nempande nenhlama yomhlaba. Lokhu kuzovikela uhlelo lwezimpande emonakalweni omncane. Zithatha izimpande ngokushesha. Izimpande zifakwe ebhodweni elisha, zihlela kabusha endaweni enelanga elinethonya elikhulu lomoya.

I-Verbena: ukukhula kusuka kokusikwa okuluhlaza

Iziqu ezixakile zisetshenziselwa ukusika. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ukhule izihlahlana ngokushesha okukhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezizala ngale ndlela kuphela. Ungayisakaza kanjani futhi ikhule i-verbena:

1. Sika ihlumela elincane eliluhlaza elingafika ku-7 cm ubude
2. Susa amaqabunga aphansi, uveze ingxenye yehlumela.
3. Ziphathwa ngempande noma esinye isivuseleli sokukhula, kepha lokhu akudingekile.
4. Ihlumela litshalwe emhlabathini, inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe.
5. Ibhodwe elinehlumela limbozwe ngesikhwama noma ngebhodlela lepulasitiki ukuqinisa izinga lokushisa.
6. Shiya egumbini elimnyama, ugcobhoza njalo inhlabathi.

Ukukhula nokunakekela i-verbena emhlabathini ovulekile

Uma ama-verbena bush etshalwa, ukutshala kwenziwa ngendlela ethile. Ngemuva kokuvela kohlelo lwezimpande kumahlumela, zidluliselwa emhlabeni ovulekile. Kufakwa ama-nitrate aqukethe i-Nitrogen ukuze ondle. Ukuze wenze isihlahla siqhume, udinga ukuphina phezulu kwesihlumela.

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo. NgoJuni kufanelekile lokhu. Ukuze izithombo zikwazi ukubekezelelwa okokuqala endaweni evulekile, ngenkathi isesembizeni kufanele ishiywe emgwaqweni (kuvulandi) esimeni sezulu esihle. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi lukhuni.

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa enhlabathini eyenziwe kahle. Kuyaniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kuvundiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho isitshalo sithathwa ngokushesha, ingozi yokuthola izifo iyancishiswa.

Nakekela izithombo, izithombo

Lapho kuvela izithombo zokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqala ukunakekelwa. Okokuqala, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyangezwa, okukhuphula inani lesisindo esiluhlaza:

• ukukhula kwamaqabunga kusheshiswa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen;
• njalo emavikini amabili bafaka umanyolo wamaminerali, aqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium eningi kuqhathaniswa ne-nitrogen (ammophos, nitroammophoska);
• I-tweak ehlukahlukene ye-verbena, okufanele ikhule ngo-1 m ukuphakama, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba wenze isihlahla sikhululeke kakhudlwana. Uma isitshalo kufanele sifinyelele ku-0,5 m, ukusipinina akudingekile;
• ukuchelela kumele kwenziwe ukuze inhlabathi ihlale inyunyiswa, kepha ingavuthiwe.

Ungayinakekela kanjani i-verbena

Ukutshala nokunakekela i-verbena emhlabathini ovulekile kuhlukile ekunakekeleni izithombo ekhaya.

• Ukucutshungulwa kwemibhede. Inhlabathi iyakhululwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma izimvula zidlulile. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umoya-mpilo ufinyelele ezimpandeni. Ukuze ukhula phakathi kwezihlahla lungakhuli, ama-verbena adinga ukufakelwa izithombo noma atshale izihlahla eduze kwazo. Ngokuzimela bayakwazi ukubhekana nokhula.
• Ebusika, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka izimo ezinethezekile zezihlahla, njengoba i-verbena ibhekwa njengesitshalo sangemuva. Ukuze ulondoloze izimbali iminyaka eminingi, wonke ama-bush akhiwa ngokucophelela kanye nama-rhizomes, atshalwa emabhodweni, agcinwe endlini engaphansi ebusika. Uma ushiya lesi sitshalo egumbini eliqhakazile, khona-ke lingaqhakaza ngaphansi kwesimo somswakama ophezulu, okungenzeki kuwo wonke amafulethi ngesikhathi sokushisa. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo, isihlahlana sinqunyiwe, sitshalwe kabusha sitshalwe engadini. Isitshalo ngokushesha siqala ukukhula, ngokushesha kunezinhlamvu noma amahlumela.
• Ukunisela isitshalo esidala kufanele kube okujwayelekile, kepha ngokulinganayo. Akuvumelekile ukushiya inhlabathi eyomile isikhathi eside. Isidingo sokunisela sinqunywa ukoma kwaphezulu. Uma kumanzi, amanzi anele; uma omile, ayaniselwa. Kusukela maphakathi noJulayi, ukuthambisa akuvamile.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngesikhathi sehlobo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, udinga ukondla kuze kube kane. Kaningi akufanelekile ukwenza. Uma ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyinto e-organic, kusetshenziswa isikhathi esisodwa kuphela ehlobo lonke. Kwelinye icala, kusetshenziswa umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium namanye amaminerali.

Ungayondla kanjani i-verbena uma ikhula kabi: Umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, amalungiselelo ngenani elikhulu le-phosphorus ne-potassium.

Izifo Zezimbali ZaseVerbena kanye Nezinambuzane

I-shrub imelana nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane, izifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane, amagciwane. Kepha, uma inhlabathi ligcwele kakhulu amanzi, izifo ezahlukahlukene zivame ukwakheka.

Ukubola kwezimpande

• Ama-Tospoviruses. Le yi-pathogen ebambezela ukukhula nezimbali. Amacembe aguqukile kanye namahlumela. Izindawo ezinsundu zesimo esingajwayelekile ziyavela emashidini. Umthambo ophakathi nendawo weqabunga uphenduka ubomvu noma nsundu. Ukuphela kwendlela yokulwa ukulwa nokubhubhisa isitshalo.
• Ukujikeleza kweziqu nezimpande. Isihlahla sesiqala ukufiphala. Isiqu siba mnyama futhi siqine, izimpande ziphenduke zibe mhlophe, uma isifo sisakazeka siba nsundu. Lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha uma umswakama uphakeme. Izitshalo ezithelelekile ziyemba futhi zichithwe. Ngokuvimbela lesi sifo, i-fosetil iyasetshenziswa.
• I-Powdery Mildew Amabala amhlophe avela emaqabungeni, aqukethe i-mushroom mycelium. Amahlamvu avele aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, omile. Uma lungalashwa, ama-bush ayafa. Isitshalo esinegciwane siymba futhi siyabhujiswa. Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kusetshenziswa i-bitertanol ne-azoxystrobin.
• Ama-aphid. Ama-parasite adla amaqabunga, izimbali ze-verbena kanye namahlumela. Izinambuzane zihlasela izihlahla ngenxa yokunisela okungafanele noma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile komanyolo. Ekuvikelweni sebenzisa i-pyrimicarb, i-pymethrosine.
• UMoshki. Okokuqala, baqala ukudla amaqabunga, bakhe i-fossae, lapho ama-midges abeka amaqanda abo, bese kuvela kubo izibungu, ezithinta kakhulu isitshalo. Imbungulu yezimbali ethelelekile imbiwa ibhujiswe ngokuphelele.

Izimbali ezingama-midges

Ukuvimbela lezi zifo ezingenhla kanye namagciwane, ama-insecticides nama-fungicides kufanele asetshenziswe entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ongahlangabezana nazo ngenkathi ukhula

Ngokutshala okungafanele nokunakekelwa kwe-verbena, kuqhamuka izinkinga ezahlukahlukene, okumele zilungiswe ngesikhathi.

• Kungani isitshalo se-verbena siqhakaza. Kunezizathu ezimbili zalokhu. Ukunisela kabi, ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi iba yoma ngokweqile. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpande azikhuli, izakhi ezincane zomswakama kanye nomswakama zingena kusiqu. Isizathu sesibili inani elingalungile noma elincishisiwe lomanyolo.
• Ukubuka kweqabunga. Kuvela amabala ansundu, ansundu, umbala omhlophe emaqabunga. Lokhu kukhombisa izifo ezibangelwa fungal, viral, bacteria. Uma ibala lisabalale kulo lonke shrub, liyachithwa ukuze izilimo ezingomakhelwane zingatheleleki.

IVerbena iyi-perennial ekhula ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza nokuqhakaza, umlimi kumele amnakekele kahle. Izitshalo zithanda inani elikhulu lokukhanya kwelanga, umoya kanye nomswakama. Kepha kokugcina kudingeka uqaphele ukuze ungahleleli isixhanti ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Ngenxa yomhlaba omanzi, i-verbena izofa phambi kwamehlo ethu.