Umnsalo we-Allium

Umnsalo wokuhlobisa ungaba umhlobiso wangempela wengadi. Abalimi abaningi bavame ukumbukela phansi. Ngaleso sikhathi, uhlobo lwe-anyanisi (ngesiLatini "Allium") lingelomndeni wakwaLiliaceae futhi lubukeka lungelutho ukwedlula abanye abameleli balo.

I-Allium - umnsalo wokuhlobisa: izinhlobo ezidumile

Ezilwane zasendle, i-allium (umnsalo wokuhlobisa) unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-700. Zisatshalaliswa kuyo yonke iNyakatho Nenkabazwe, kepha zitholakala kakhulu eMedithera nase-Asia. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu kuphela yaseRussia kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-40 lapho zasendle zingakhula khona ngezimo ezahlukahlukene: ezigodini zemifula, emahlathini, ogwadule, ngisho nasemithambekeni edwala.

Umnsalo wokuhlobisa

Njengamasiko, i-allium isikhule ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-300. Ngasikhathi sinye, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-40 zalesi sitshalo nezinhlobo zazo eziningi zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesimo sanamuhla.

Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezitshaliwe ze-allium izitshalo ze-herbaceous zisetshenziswa ezinokugcotshwa kwezinhlamvu zazo nama-rhizomes emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana, kanti izingxenye zazo zasemoyeni ziyafa.

Yize izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zingahluka kakhulu ngokubukeka, amaqabunga awo ahlala enemifino futhi enamanzi. Kepha ukwakheka kwawo kungahluka kakhulu: kukhona amaqabunga acwebile, agcotshwe noma acashile. Ububanzi bawo buhlukahluka kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-15 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphakama kwezitshalo kungahluka: zingalinganiswa kuze kufike ku-15 cm, futhi zingafinyelela ku-1.5 m.

Umnsalo wokuhlobisa waseBulgaria

Le nhlobo ingenye enhle kakhulu. Isihlahla sawo singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.9. Ukuhlobisa i-anyanisi yaseBulgaria kuhle kakhulu. Ama-inflorescence ayo afana namabhola amakhulu aqoqwe kusuka ezinsimbi ezimhlophe okwesibhakabhaka.

Umnsalo wokuhlobisa waseBulgaria

I-Allium Gladiator

Le nhlobonhlobo ikhula ibe ngu-100 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani. I-Allium Gladiator iqhakaza ngezimbali ezifana nesimo senkanyezi futhi inama-petals ayisithupha. Bahlukaniswa i-huender hue engajwayelekile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nephunga elimnandi, elimnandi kancane.

Ama-inflorescence ayo makhulu impela, angafinyelela kububanzi obungama-20 cm, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu. Le nsimbi ehlukahlukene yokuhlobisa ibukeka ilungile kakhulu ezindaweni ezisebenzisa amadwala nasezintabeni zamagquma. Kepha abangane, zingatshalwa endaweni enezinwele zentshebe.

Bow Gladiator

I-Globmaster

I-Globmaster iyisitsha sokuhlobisa esingavamile. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-90 cm, futhi i-inflorescence yayo ibhekwa njengenye enkulu kunazo zonke emndenini. Ububanzi bayo bungaba ngama-20 cm, kepha kuyamangaza ukuthi iqoqwa izimbali ezincane ezinesimilo ezingaphezu kuka-1,500, ezenza ibe mnene kakhulu futhi ibe nesisindo. Ngakho-ke, isiqu salolu hlobo siqinile kakhulu ukuze sikwazi ukumelana nayo yonke indawo yesimo sezulu, kungaba imvula noma umoya.

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza se-allium Globmaster siqala engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kwembulwa khona izimbali zakhe ezinsomi onsomi. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka cishe inyanga.

I-Allium Purple Sension

Okunye ukuhlukahluka komnsalo wokuhlobisa yi-allium hybrid Purple Surance. Ihlukahluka ngeziqu eziphansi kakhulu kufinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama. Kepha amaqabunga akhe makhulu, afinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi.

I-Allium Izinwele

Lolu uhlobo olungandile kakhulu lomnsalo wokuhlobisa. Ukuphakama kwesiqu ku-Allium yezinwele cishe kungama-130-140 cm.

Ama-inflorescence awo abizwa ngokuthi amabhola, kepha anesimo kakhulu ngenxa yesimo sezimbali esingajwayelekile, esikhumbuza izinwele ezifakiwe. Ububanzi bebhola elinjalo bancane, cishe ngu-7-8 cm, kodwa bubukeka buhlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Ama-inflorescence anemibala eluhlaza okotshani, kepha umnyombo wawo upinki.

I-Allium Sphaerocephalon

I-allium enekhanda eliyindilinga (Sphaerocephalon) ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zokuhlobisa i-anyanisi. I-peduncle yayo ifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-60. Ama-bulbs ayo mancane, anobubanzi obungu-2 cm, futhi anama-ovoid ngesimo.

U-anyanisi onekhanda eliyindilinga

Ama-inflorescence alesi zinhlobo ayizambulela eziminyene kakhulu zendlela eyindilinga. Zingafinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha angama-4. Izambulela zinezindawo eziningi zezimbali ezincane ezifana nezinsimbi. Amanoni abo mude kunawephalamende, ngakho-ke kusuka kude lapho ama-inflorescences abukeka emfushane. Amaqabunga ale nhlobonhlobo enezinhloko ayenombala oluhlaza. Kepha ngemuva kokuvula, umbala wabo uyashintsha ube yiphalethi elibomvu elibomvu.

I-Allium White Cloud

I-Allium White Cloud inelinye igama - u-anyanisi wamagilebhisi. Ngenxa yabanamandla, kungathi ukuvuvukala okuncane, isiqu kanye nama inflorescence amakhulu amhlophe ayindilinga, futhi eqinisweni kufana nefu, kuzoba ngumhlobiso wangempela wensimu. Ngokubukeka kwayo, lesi sitshalo sifana kancane nezimbali ezimhlophe zeMount Everest allium, enye inhlobonhlobo ye-anyanisi yokuhlobisa.

Ama "blooms" ahlukahlukene aqhakaza sekwephuzile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, eziqhakaza kuphela ngoJuni. Kepha kuyamjabulisa umlimi kuze kube uSepthemba.

Bow Bowbmaster

I-Allium Giganteum

E-Giganteum allium (noma u-anyanisi omkhulu), zonke izingxenye zalesi sitshalo zigadla ngosayizi wazo. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi be-bulb buyi-cm okungenani ama-5,5, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani noma ovame ukufiphala afinyelela kububanzi obuyi-10 cm, futhi ukuphakama kwesiqu sentyatyambo kungama-150 cm. Kepha isambulela esiqhakaza uqobo lincane kakhulu, singamasentimitha ayi-10. Kepha mnene kakhulu futhi uqukethe izimbali eziningi ezinjengezinkanyezi ezinombala onsomi. Lokhu kuqhakaza okuhlukahlukene ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yiRose Giant.

I-Allium Moth

I-Allium Moli inamagama amaningana, kufaka phakathi u-anyanisi wegolide. Ngempela, ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi ekuphakameni kwesihlahla nokubukeka kwayo. Isiqu sesitshalo sifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha angama-25 kuphela. Amaqabunga awo ayicaba, anemibala eluhlaza ngokusobala. Kepha izimbali ngokwazo zikhulu, ziphuzi noma zilugolide. Tepals zikhazimula kahle. Lokhu kuqhakaza okuhlukahlukene ngoJuni, okunikeza ingadi ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu nokuhle kakhulu.

I-Allium Blue

Isici esiyinhloko seCaeruleum allium ama-inflorescence ayo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ububanzi be-inflorescence bufika ku-5 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kula mabhola aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye nezimbali, kunohlobo lwama-buds, olufana namabhola noma ama-bubble, ngakho-ke babizwa nangokuthi ama-nerds yi-botanists. Njengoba i-peduncle ikhula, bangashintsha umbala kusuka kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kokupinki.

I-anyanisi e-Neapolitan

Uhlobo olungajwayelekile lwesiqu sezimbali luziqhakaza ezinjengeNeopolitanum, okungukuthi, umnsalo wokuhlobisa weNeapolitan. Isiqu saso sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50. Ama-peduncle anokwakheka kwesambulela sokuphefumula, esiqukethe izimbali ezinhle ezipinki, zikhulu impela. Kukhona nokho, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezinezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa, nokho, amanye ama-botanists athambekele ekuzihlukaniseni ngendlela ezimele.

Kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezithokozisayo zomnsalo wokuhlobisa. Isibonelo, ku-Schubert allium, ububanzi be-peduncle bungama-cm angama-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-pedicel awo anobude obuhlukile, okwenza imbali iyonke ibonakale ikhululekile, yize ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu. I-Allenium Millenium inezinzuzo zayo, ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungama-40-50 cm kuphela, kepha ama-inflorescence makhulu impela futhi aminyene.

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi udle umhlobiso we-allium

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zama-anyanisi ezingadliwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi bangaba nokunambitheka okuvutha nangokwengeziwe kunama-anyanisi oluhlaza ojwayelekile asetshenziselwa amasaladi. Okusondele kakhulu kuye yi-Allium Gladiator. Futhi, isaphetha sokuhlobisa esiluhlaza sisetshenziswa ekuphekeni.

Khotha Izinwele

I-Allium White Cloud inamafutha amaningi abalulekile, kepha ayinika ukunambitheka ne-anyanisi ebukhali. Ungadla iziqu zayo, kepha lokhu kuyisifiso se-amateur. Kepha, ngokwesibonelo, umnsalo wokuhlobisa i-Aflatun awukufanele ukudliwa nhlobo.

Izici zobuchwepheshe bezolimo

Futhi i-allium yaseBulgaria, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, no-anyanisi waseNeapolitan ayinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokuswakama kwenhlabathi noma komoya. Kepha ngokuyisisekelo zonke izinhlobo zo-anyanisi wokuhlobisa zikhula kangcono kunhlabathi evulekile, yokungathathi hlangothi noma i-alkali kancane. Ukutshala izimbali ezinjalo kuwumsebenzi ngisho nomlimi wokuqala ongahlangabezana nawo, udinga kuphela ukufunda imithetho eyisisekelo.

Ukwehlulwa nokunakekelwa

Lesi sitshalo sidinga inhlabathi enomswakama owenele, kodwa okuvulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukungagxili kwamanzi, ngoba kungaholela ekuboshweni kwezinhlamvu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi i-anyanisi yokuhlobisa ikhethe indawo ekhanyiswe kahle, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zinezithombe (ngaphandle kwe-Moth anyanisi, izizwa imnandi ngokwentelezi, kepha ikhula kahle futhi obala). Futhi lapho ukhetha indawo, udinga ukubheka ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwengadi.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga imbewu yezinhlobo ezithile, udinga ukufunda ngokucophelela incazelo. Ezinye izinhlobo zilungele ukusikwa, ngazo ungenza izingcezu ezinhle zezimbali. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola eduze ukuthi zingakhula ziphi izimbali.

Cishe zonke izinhlobo zokuhlobisa u-anyanisi zilwa nesithwathwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi ezimweni zeSifunda SaseMoscow ngokuqinisekile kufanele zivikeleke ebusika.

Lezi zitshalo azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Into esemqoka ukuhlwitha inhlabathi ebazungezile ukuze kwakheke izimo ezivumayo zokuthuthuka kwezimpande namaqabunga. Umanyolo wamaminerali nawo usetshenziswa entwasahlobo. Kepha i-organic ngokuvamile ayinconywa.

Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo kudinga nokunisela njalo. Uma i-anyanisi yokuhlobisa ingenayo umswakama, amaqabunga ayo ayeka ukukhula, futhi ngeke kube khona ukukhuluma kwezimbali ezinhle.

Ukumila kwezitshalo

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala okusakazwayo - ngembewu nakwezitshalo. Lokhu kugcina sekusetshenziswa ukusetshenziswa kwama balbu noma izingane ezijwayelekile - ama bulbs amancane akhiwa kumakhabu ngokwawo.

Ngokuvamile, u-anyanisi wokuhlobisa ungakhula isikhathi eside esizeni esifanayo, wakhe ama-thickets amahle kakhulu, kepha ochwepheshe abancomi ukuvumela ukukhula okunjalo, ngoba kulokhu, ngokungenakugwemeka, ama-bulbs aba mancane futhi lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhakaze kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhule kahle, kunconywa ukuhlukanisa futhi sikuthathe okungenani iminyaka emine, futhi mhlawumbe kube kaningi kakhulu.

Ukuhlobisa i-Mount Everest

Ezimweni zaseCentral Russia, ochwepheshe batusa ukwenza inqubo enjalo njalo ngonyaka. Iqiniso ngukuthi izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezikhule ezweni ezweni zasendle zikhula eCentral Asia, futhi lesi sifunda sibonakaliswa yisomiso sasehlobo kanye namawashi avame ukubanda ebusika. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zitshalo azihlelaniswanga ukuze zihlale kumanzi emva kwemvula isikhathi eside ehlobo. Okungukuthi, izimo zesimo sezulu ezinjengalezi ziyingxenye yengxenye yesibili yehlobo engxenyeni enkulu yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Ukuze ama-bulb angaqali ukubola, kufanele asuswe emhlabathini.

Umbuzo uphakama ukuthi kufanele uyimbe nini i-allium. Ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngemuva kokushona kwamaqabunga. Ama-bulb wemba kufanele omiswe, emva kwalokho angagcinwa ngokuphephile ezimweni zasekamelweni (nangomoya opholile omuhle) kuze kube sekutshaleni. Lokhu kwenziwa ekwindla, esiphezulu ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, uma isimo sezulu sivumela: kufanele kube nokushisa okuqhubekayo nesimo sezulu esomile. Ubuningi bokutshala ama-bulb bungaba ngu-20 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, lingasuka ku-5 liye ku-25. Ama bulbs amakhulu kufanele atshalwe ajule kunezincane.

Ukutshala imbewu yezitshalo kwenziwa ekwindla. Iqiniso ngukuthi ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ekuhlumeni okungcono, imbewu idinga ukuqanda okuncane. Kepha umuntu akufanele acabange ukuthi ngonyaka noma emibili kuzokwazi ukujabulela ukuqhakaza izimbali. Izithombo ziyaqhakaza hhayi ekuqaleni konyaka wesithathu noma wesine, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kamuva. Kepha uma konke kwenziwa kahle, ukuqhakaza kwabo kuzoba injabulo yangempela yomtshali.

Ngakho-ke, u-anyanisi wokuhlobisa akuyona nje umhlobiso wensimu, kodwa futhi nesithokelo esimnandi esingasetshenziswa ngenkathi kulungiswa amasaladi. Yini akuyona inkambiso yendawo yonke yokuhlala abahlali ehlobo?!