Lapho ihlobo lidlula phakathi, izitshalo eziningi eziqhakazayo sezivele ziphela, ukhipha izimbali kubukeka kumile futhi kungenampilo, konakalisa ukubukeka kwesihlahla nasensimini sekuphelele. Lokhu yikho kanye okwenzekayo lapho i-Rhododendron iqhakazile, kufanele wenzeni ngokulandelayo? Ngezansi kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungawanquma kanjani kahle amahlathi ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali futhi awalungiselele ubusika.
Incazelo yeShrub
Izinhlobo eziqhakaza kakhulu zama-rhododendrons zibizwa ngokuthi ama-azaleas. Zingaba yisinqumo futhi zihlale zihlala ziqinile. Lezi zokugcina zidlangile ezimeni zasendlini futhi zitshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Ama-azaleas angama-Deciduous abonakala ngokuqina kobusika obuphezulu, ukukhula kancane, isikhathi esikhulayo sokukhula, adinga inhlabathi ephendula nge-asidi yemvelo.
Ukuthi wenzeni nge-Rhododendron ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Ngemininingwane! Umehluko we-botanical phakathi kwe-azaleas ne-rhododendrons ukuthi izimbali ze-azaleas zineziqu ezinhlanu, kanye nama-rhododendrons 7-10.
Abalimi abaningi banesifiso sokuqhuma isikhathi eside kwama-Rhododendrons nokuthi kuyadingeka yini ukunquma izimbali eziphelile ku-azalea ne-Rhododendron ehlobo. Ukuqhakaza kwazo zonke izinhlobo kufushane - amasonto ama-2-3. Ukuthena ama-Rhododendrons ngemuva kokuqhakaza nangesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwama-ovaries kubalulekile uma izitshalo zingatshalwanga ukukhiqiza imbewu.
Ungawunquma kanjani ama-azaleas ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Lapho ama-inflorescence aqothulile omile futhi egqabuka kalula ngezandla, aqala ukuhlanza ngesandla isihlahla ngokususa amaqanda. Iqiniso ngukuthi uma ungazisusi, umzimba wesitshalo uqala ukuqondisa ngokuqinile izakhamzimba ekuvuthweni kwembewu. Uma kunenqwaba yazo, khona-ke lokhu kwenzeka ngezindleko zokubeka izimbali zezimbali ngonyaka olandelayo.
Ama-azalea amafushane aqhuma emhlabathini
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlobo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, unganquma ngokuphepha amahlumela amade aluhlaza ukwandisa izinga lokuhlwanyelwa nokuqina kwesihlahla, ukuletha ukuma kwalo ngokujikelezayo noma ngokuhlangene. Ubude bokwehlisa busuka ku-5 kuye ku-20 cm. Kubalulekile ukuzwa izinso zilele ngaphansi kwendawo yokuthena. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukwakheka kwamahlumela amasha anganikeza ama-buds ngonyaka olandelayo.
Ukunciphisa amahlumela amancane apical
Emathanjeni, amahlumela amancane ngokuvamile aqala ukukhula. Yini okufanele uyenze kuleli cala? Kunconywa ukukha amahlumela amasha kanye nama-ovari, njengoba enza ubukhulu besihlahla. Uma kunomuzwa wokuthi isihlahla asikhuli ngokwanele, khona-ke amahlumela amancane anamandla ahamba.
Ungayikhipha kanjani i-rhododendron ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali uma ihlathi selikhule ngamamagatsha amaningi weminyaka engu-4-5? Ehlobo ungafeza ngokuphepha izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amagatsha awugqinsi anqunywa phansi lapho kumiswa isihlahla - cm 30- 40. Isibalo samagatsha siyanciphiswa: uma isihlahla somswakama sehla amagatsha ayi-7 000, esihlahleni esinamathele - 3-5.
Ukuthena okudala ukuguga ehlobo
Izinhlobo Zokunciphisa
Ukucacisa ngokwengeziwe ukuthi ungayinqunqa kanjani i-Rhododendron, udinga ukwazi izinhlobo zokuthena ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa.
Qala
Lokhu kungukuthena kokuqala empilweni yesitshalo, okwenziwa lapho sekutshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Kuqukethe ngokunqamulela amagatsha nge-1 / 3-1 / 4 yobude lesi sitshalo esasinaso enkulisa. Kuyadingeka ukugxilisa izakhamzimba ezindaweni zokukhula kwesihlahla.
Inhlanzeko
Kwenziwa ngemuva kwesikhathi sebusika, futhi nangesikhathi sokukhula. Amagatsha alimile, agulayo noma aphukile ayasuswa. Kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ngokusika okugcwele kwehlumela "kwindandatho" noma kukufinyeze.
Ukulwa nokuguga
Kwenziwa ezitshalweni ezineminyaka engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20 ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha kanye nokwakhiwa kwezimbali ezingaphezulu. Kungenziwa kwentwasahlobo, ehlobo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali noma sekwephuze ekwindla ngaphambi kokukhosela.
Kwenziwa ukuthenwa nokunciphiswa kwama-rhododendrons
Ukwakhiwa kokugcina kwezihlahla kufanele kuqedwe eminyakeni engama-3-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani lamagatsha asele ngesikhathi sokuthenwa kwentwasahlobo yonyaka nobude bawo kufanele bunqunywe ngokuqondile. Ukukhula ekugcineni kwehlobo kungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-12-16. Ukwakheka kahle kwesihlahla se-azalea kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi.
Ukulungiswa kwe-azalea okulungile
Ukunakekela ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Okufanele kwenziwe nge-Rhododendron ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali ukuqhubeka nokunakekela isitshalo ngokwecebo. I-Rhododendrons kanye ne-azaleas kuyizitshalo ezithanda umswakama, ezifundeni eziningi zihlushwa yisomiso somhlaba nesomkhathi.
Nakani! Kufanele uthenge i-nozzle yokufafaza kwi-hose nge-fafaza elincane lamaconsi nge noma ngaphandle kwe-boom bese uqhuba ukufafaza nsuku zonke ukufafaza endaweni ngesikhathi esishisayo.
Ngaphezu kokunisela, kubalulekile ukuthi mulch enhlabathini ngaphansi kwezihlahla ubondle. Kuhle ukusebenzisa izinaliti ezi-spruce noma zikaphayini kanye no-peat njenge-mulch. Lezi zinto eziphilayo ziqinisa inhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwe-mulch, inhlabathi ayomile ngaphandle, awukwazi ukunisela ngamanzi, kodwa sebenzisa kuphela ukufafaza.
Yini ongayisebenzisa Umanyolo we-Rhododendrons
Isiko lokuhlobisa alibeki izidingo eziphezulu emhlabathini, ngoba azikho izindawo ezivundile kakhulu endaweni yalo yemvelo. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukuyishiya ngaphandle komanyolo. Izinkomba zeqiniso lokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu ukubuyiselwa emuva kokukhula, ukuncipha kwenani lamahlumela, nombala ophuzi wamahlamvu nezimbali. Uma kuvela amabala ophuzi emaqabungeni, indawo yawo iba nsundu, iba mncane futhi izinyembezi, lokhu kukhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen ne-potassium, ngokubomvu kweqabunga - ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus.
Entwasahlobo, ekunakekelweni kwekhwalithi ye-Rhododendron kanye nokwenza kusebenze kwezinqubo zokukhula, i-ammonium nitrate isebenza ngo-30- 40 g nge-1 m² yesiyingi sesiqu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza nokugaya amaqanda anikeze ukugqoka okuphezulu ngendlela yamanyolo womanyolo azofoska ku-20-30 g nge-1 m². Ngo-Agasti, i-superphosphate (15-20 g) nomanyolo we-potassium ongenayo i-chlorine, i-potassium sulfate, 15-20 g nge-1 m² iyadingeka.
Ukulungiselela ubusika nendawo yokukhosela ebusika
AmaRhododendrons awamelana neqhwa, kanti inhloso enkulu yokuhlela indawo yokukhosela ebusika ukuvikela ukuqhakaza eziqhakaza eqandeni kwentwasahlobo nokuvikela amagatsha angakakakhuli ekwindla.
Ngemininingwane! AmaRhododendrons aphatha ama-fridge ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela afinyelela ku-−26 ° C, kanti izinhlobo zaseFinland zifinyelela ku-−40 ° C.
Ngaphambi kwendawo yokukhosela, izihlahla ziyagawulwa, zisuse amahlumela amade kakhulu futhi acwebile. Izithonjana ezinwebayo kakhulu zingadonswa kancane ndawonye ne-twine. Kufakwa uhlaka lwamapulangwe noma lwentambo ngenhla kwesitshalo, kudonswa khona into embozekayo emhlophe. Kufanele kube khona ungqimba lomoya ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela ukuze amahlamvu angaboli futhi amahlumela adlule esigabeni sokugcina sokuwa kwamaqabunga. Entwasahlobo, imvamisa ngaphansi kwesiphephelo amaqabunga amancane aqala ukuvula amafomu efihlekile.
Ukuvulwa kwezihlahla kwenziwa lapho ukusatshiswa kwama-froz Returns kudlula. Le nqubo ingaba kancane kancane. Okokuqala, kuvulwa ingaphezulu lesitshalo kuphela, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezingama-7- 7, okusetshenziswayo kungasuswa ngokuphelele kusayithi.
Izici zokulungiselela ubusika ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene
Ezifundeni, isikhathi sokubhekelwa ngamabhasi angahluka kakhulu. Kuya ngezici zezulu zonyaka wekwindla. Ezindaweni ezisogwini, isikhathi sekwindla sifudumele futhi sinomswakama, futhi ubusika bufushane. I-Shelter of azaleas ezindaweni ezinjalo ayinakwenziwa. Kepha uma ekwindla yinde futhi yomile, ngokwesibonelo, eningizimu yesifunda seVolga, khona-ke ngaphandle kwezihlahla zokukhosela akusenele. Ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela, umswakama womoya uzoba ngaphezulu, futhi izitshalo zibekezelele kangcono ubusika. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele seSifunda SaseMoscow kanye neNtshonalanga yeSiberia, ama-rhododendrons awanayo izinsuku ezifudumele ezanele zokuqeda inkathi yokukhula futhi kufanele ambozwe ngaphambili.
Ungasindisa kanjani isitshalo uma somile
Akujwayelekile ukuthi isitshalo sesithako sithathwe e-nursery entwasahlobo, saqhakaza, kwabe sekuqala ukoma ethandekayo we-Rhododendron. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okwenziwe ngohlelo olujwayelekile, lesi sitshalo asisizi ukubhekana nakho, futhi siyaqhubeka nokubuna. Isizathu ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lwadlula ngalapho inqwaba yomhlaba eyayikule esitsheni yaqala ukukhipha umsoco enhlabathini yendawo. Ukusabela kwemvelo enhlabathini yesakhiwo kanye nenhlabathi yesitsha akuhambelani, futhi isitshalo siqala ukufa.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-Rhododendron itshalwe enhlabathini ephethe ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-alkaline yaphakathi, i-peat kufanele ingezwe futhi iniselwe ngezisombululo ezi-acidifying.
Isixazululo se-acidifying kulula ukusilungiselela ngokungeza ama-1-2 sachets e-citric acid 1 litre lamanzi wokunisela. Uma uhlelo lokunisela ngokudonswa kwamanzi lufakwa esizeni, khona-ke amanzi angafakwa phosphoric acid angahlinzekwa njalo kumashubhu. Lesi silinganiso sizosiza ukugcinwa kwe-pH yesisombululo somhlabathi ezingeni elidingekayo le-4,5-5 futhi kuzosiza ekuhlanzeni uhlelo lokunisela ngokudonsela amanzi kusuka kumadiphozi kasawoti nasekuhlanganeni.
Esinye isizathu sokuthi i-Rhododendron yomile umswakama ophansi ungqimba lomoya ongaphezulu. Kuyadingeka ukuguqula ngokuphelele umswakama womoya endaweni ngendlela yokukhuphuka kwayo, sizohlomisa i-rya nge-reservoir. AbakwaRhododendrons basabela kahle ekufikeni kwamachibi amancane ngezizathu eziningi:
- uhlelo lwempande olungaphezulu lukhishwe kalula amanzi angena endaweni yokugcina amanzi kanye nezakhi zomzimba ezihlakazekile;
- umswakama womoya endaweni ephakeme eyi-1-1,5 m ulungiselelwe;
- ekwindla kamuva iqhwa kwenzeka endaweni enezidumbu zamanzi.
Uma amalungiselelo wokufafaza ngefafaza kungenzeki, ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogel kuzosiza ukuhlinzeka ukufinyeleleka komswakama ohlelweni lwezimpande lwe-rhododendron. Imiganu yento i-pre-igcwele ngamanzi nge-acidic reaction yaphakathi nendawo futhi igxilisiwe ekujuleni kokusakazwa kwezimpande (8-12 cm). Lesi silinganiso siyadingeka uma udinga ukuhamba.
Ngemininingwane! Ama-pellets we-Hydrogel azokhipha umswakama kancane kancane, kanti nezitshalo zingaphila kuwo wonke isizini ngaphandle kokunisela okwengeziwe.
Amaphutha angaba khona nemiphumela yako
Lokhu okulandelayo kungamaphutha lapho usungula ama-rhododendrons.
- Ukuthena kakhulu kwehlobo sekwephuze kakhulu. Amagatsha okuthena engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo kugcwele iqiniso lokuthi kungenzeka ukuvusa ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwamahlumela kusuka efihlelweni ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibekele unyaka olandelayo. Kulokhu, isihlahla singaze siqhume ngaphambi kobusika. Amahlumela amasha awunaso isikhathi sokulungiselela, akhule amagxolo aminyene futhi athole ubulukhuni bobusika.
- Ukuthena ngokweqile ngesikhathi sonyaka kungaholela emiphumeleni efanayo. Kumahlumela kunezihlahlana zokulala eziphumule iminyaka eminingi. Ukusuka ekutheneni ngokweqile, bangavuka, futhi isihlahla sizoqala ukuguga ngokushesha, siqede umjikelezo ogcwele wokukhula kwalo ngokufa okungenzeka. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi nokufa kwesihlahla, kuyadingeka ukulandela ukubusa kokulinganisa kumagatsha wokuthena izihlahla.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uzame ukuncipha ngaphezulu kwezinso, ukusika okunembile. Uma usika phezulu ngaphezu kwezinso, khona-ke ingxenye yehlumela iyafa, bese izihlahla zibukeka kabi.
- Ukuqoqa imbewu, kukhethwa amaqanda amaqanda aqine kuphela. Zishiywe, futhi ama-perianths omisiwe nezingxenye zezimbali zisuswa ngesandla nxazonke. Uma kunesidingo sokwenza impova ehlosiwe, khona-ke izikhwama ze-gauze zifakwa ezimbali ukugwema ukungcoliswa ngephutha ngamabhasi angomakhelwane. Ukucoliswa kwezimbali kwenziwa ngesandla impova yezindlela ezikhethiwe. Lo ngumsebenzi othakazelisa kakhulu, yize umphumela kuzodingeka ulinde isikhathi eside. Ngenkathi isitshalo esisha sikhula kusuka kuma-bloomated seed blooms, kuthatha iminyaka engama-4-5.
Ngemininingwane! Ungesabi izihlahla ze-Rhododendrons. Ukusuka kulokhu, ama-bushs azothola ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu, futhi isiza sonke sizobukeka sibukeka ngokwengeziwe futhi sinezela kakhulu inani.
