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Izitshalo zangaphakathi

U-Anthurium Andre: ukunakekela ekhaya

Imifino enomsoco kanye nama-red bracts abomvu enza u-Anthurium Andre isitshalo esihle kakhulu. I-Anthurium bracts, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngephutha ngokuthi izimbali, ingaba nombala obomvu, u-orange noma umhlophe.

Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi singakhula kanjani lesi sitshalo ekamelweni lokushisa elijwayelekile iminyaka eminingi futhi siyakwazi ukusakaza ngokuphumelelayo.

Incazelo ye-Botanical yesitshalo

I-Anthurium andreanum iyimifino ehlala njalo eluhlaza, eyomndeni wakwa-Aronnik kanye nohlobo olunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-600. Imbali iqukethe i-inflorescence ngesimo se-cob ephuzi kanye ne-perianth. I-inflorescence iqoqwe ezihlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ezincane, umbala we-perianth ungase uhluke.

I-Anthurium ikhulile embizeni yamasiko ngenxa yamaqabunga amahle kanye ne-perianth enempilo. Ama-bracts, kuye ngezinhlobo ze-humansrium, i-snow-white, burgundy, pink, ukhilimu noma eluhlaza.

I-Sorta

Ngaphandle kwefomu lesintu sasendle lase-Andrerium u-Andre abasebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe abalimi, befuna imibala emisha engavamile futhi ekhanyayo ye-bracts. Ngenxa yokukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlamvu kuvela:

  1. Leganza. Efaniswa nombala ongavamile we-bract bracts - ngokushintsheleka okusabalalisa kusuka ebomini kuya kumbala ohlaza obala. Isibindi sinqamule ne-cone ephuzi ye-inflorescence. Iqabunga ngesimo senqwaba elinezimpondo nge-tip ebukhali. I-hybrid inesihlahla sevolumu.
  2. I-Champion Amaqabunga akhulu, ahlotshisiwe, anembala, anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ze-hybridi enemibala ehlukile ye-perianth: Pink - enemibala ebomvu, i-White - enekhilimu.
  3. Ed. Inezikhwama ezimhlophe ze-maroon ze-bracts namaqabunga amakhulu amnyama amahlamvu aluhlaza. Umbala we-Bract ungase ukhanye noma ukhululeke, kuye ngezimo ezikhulayo.
  4. Hlanganisa Lezi yizinhlamvu, lapho umbala we-coverlet unemibala ehlukahlukene, futhi amaqabunga ayesimo somumo ovamile.
  5. Otazu. I-Hybrid enobubomvu obomvu obomvu, isikhungo esiphuzi kanye nenyama, amaqabunga aluhlaza, ahlangene namaphethelo athile.
  6. Silence. I-bedspreads enombala obomvu noma obomvu obuhlaza noma amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Njengoba ebumnyameni obuthakathaka, isihlahla sishintsha umbala wamaqabunga ukuya emnyama.
  7. Belize Isembozo se-bract sibomvu obomvu, ngezinye izikhathi sibe nomhlula obomvu eceleni komngcele. I-inflorescence inombala wendabuko ophuzi.
  8. Izintandokazi. I-Hybrid enehlathi eliphakeme - iziqu zifinyelela emitha eli-1. Umbala we-bracts uhluka kusuka ku-saumoni kuya ku-pink ekhanyayo. I-Inflorescence inemibala enombala obomvu.
Kulolu hlu, hhayi zonke izinhlobo zabanturium Andre. Kunezinye eziningi, ukuhlobisa okulinganayo, umbala ongavamile okamangalisa futhi kumangalisa. E-hybrid, isibhakabhaka esimnyama esinekhanda sinombala omnyama obumnyama, kanti i-hybrid Fiorino inesibhakabhaka esibubende.

Uyazi? Igama elivamile elithi "Anthurium" lithathwe emagameni esiGreki anthos kanye ne-oura. Ukuhumusha okungokoqobo - "umsila oqhakazayo": igama elifanele kakhulu, linikezwe i-inflorescence yalo, eliqukethe i-cone ende ne-bract.

Izimo zokukhula ekhaya

Ekhaya, u-Anthurium Andre angakhula ngaphandle kobunzima, udinga kuphela ukuhambisana nezidingo zesitshalo zokukhanyisa, ukuchelela, ukufaka umanyolo nokulawula ukushisa. Futhi awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi isitshalo sidinga isikhathi sokuphumula ngokushisa okuphansi.

Ukukhanyisa

Njengoba uhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, i-Anthurium ibeka izidingo eziqinile endaweni yayo. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa asibekeli ukukhanya kwelanga. Ingatshalwa emafasiteleni, aqondiswe kunoma yikuphi uhlangothi lomhlaba, kodwa ebusika uzoqhakaza kuphela enqabeni yaseningizimu, enyakatho ngeke iqhume ngisho nasehlobo. Uma kungekho ndawo yembali noma yikuphi ngaphandle kwefasitela elisenyakatho, inkinga ingaxazululwa ngokufaka ukukhanya okungeziwe. Ukuze ukhanyise, ungasebenzisa isibani esijwayelekile se-fluorescent noma i-fitolamp ekhethekile.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zabanturium ezithandwa ngabalimi.

Ukushisa

I-Anthurium ayifanele ukukhula ensimini noma emgodini wendlu, ngisho nasezinyangeni zasehlobo zasehlobo. Iyakhula ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku + 13 ° C nangaphansi nje kuphela esikhathini esifushane. Ukushisa kwekamelo elihle lika-Andre Anthurium livela ku-+18 kuya ku-25 ° C.

Umswakama womoya

I-Anthurium ayithandi umoya omile ngenxa yokushisa kwamadivayisi nokushisa. Ukumisa amaqabunga kubonisa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo entsha yendawo ye-flowerpot.

Futhi, imbali ithanda umswakama ophezulu - ngenxa yalesi sizathu kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe amaqabunga awo kaningi ngamanzi avela ebhodleleni le-spray. Uma kunethuba elinjalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imvula noma ukuncibilikisa amanzi ngale njongo.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ukugqugquzela izimbali zomunturium phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika ezibandayo, kunconywa ukuthi:

  1. Hlanganisa imbali kuphela lapho isisindo soma.
  2. Ukondla ngokulinganisela ukondla ngokwanele njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili.
  3. Izitshalo kufanele zinikezwe isikhathi sokuphumula samasonto ama-5-7 ekushiseni okungaba ngu-15 ° C.
Ngisho ebusika, i-humansrium akufanele ivulelwe ilanga eliqondile. Kunconywa ukufaka ibhodlela endaweni ekhanyisiwe, okude kakhulu kude nawo wonke ama-radiator.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zabanturium ezikhulayo ekhaya.

Ukunisela

I-Anthurium ayithandi ngisho nesikhathi esifushane sesomiso. I-substrate ekhethiwe kahle yokulima izodlula umswakama ngokwayo kahle, ivimbele amanzi asemiphakathini.

Imbali ebuzwayo ayiluleki ukuba iphuze ngamanzi kanzima kampompi. Amanzi angaphambi kokuphepha abilisiwe, bese ufaka amaconsi ambalwa elamula ukuze unciphise ubunzima. Ngemuva kwalokho, vela isitsha esivaliwe ngamanzi izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu bese usebenzisa uketshezi ukuchelela. Ukushisa kwamanzi okunisela kufanele kube ekushiseni okugumbini ukuze kungabangeli ukushisa kwesitshalo. Ukunisela kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:

  • amanzi ngaphansi kwempande;
  • Hlela uketshezi lwe-wick;
  • fafaza imifino ngamanzi avela ebhodleleni le-spray;
  • uthele amanzi okuchelela epanini.
Kubalulekile! Ukusebenzisa amanzi okupompa ukuchelela kwandisa inani le-pH ku-substrate. Njengoba i-humanrium ingavumi ukubekezelela inhlabathi e-calcined, kuyadingeka ukuguqula i-substrate yokutshala njalo ngonyaka. Ukuze ukulima kwabanturium kufanele kusebenzise inhlabathi ye-peat.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Lesi sitshalo kumele sibe endaweni yezimpande zomanyolo. Ukondla kuyisifiso sokwenza esikhathini sokusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSeptember, njalo, ngesikhashana samasonto amabili.

Ebusika, imvamisa yezakhi zancipha - vele unikeze imbali kanye nezinyanga ezimbili. I-Anthurium idliwe ngomanyolo womndeni we-orchid noma we-bromeliad. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungathengwa ezitolo zezimbali.

Njengomanyolo wemvelo, izizathu zokulala ikhofi noma eggshell echotshoziwe kufanelekile. Ukuze uzifake embizeni ngesitshalo, susa ngokucophelela ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi (2-3 cm), bese uxuba umanyolo wemvelo ngale nhlabathi uphinde ubuyisele indawo engezansi endaweni yayo.

Ividiyo: Kanjani nokuthi yini yokutshala abanturium

Ukudubula

Izimbali ezomile namaqabunga e-humanrium zivalwa eduze nommese obukhali noma izikhali. Okunye ukusika akudingekile, njengoba lesi sitshalo asikhiqizi amagatsha ahlangene futhi sinquma, okungukuthi, ukuba nephuzu elithile lokukhula. Izihlahla ezindala ezihlotshiswe kahle ze-humanrium ziba zinyene, ziluhlaza futhi zifinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezulu kwamamitha angu-100.

Ukufakelwa

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nezimo zokukhula eziphakeme, imbali izoba ngokushesha noma kamuva idinga amandla amakhulu okutshala. Isibonakaliso sokufakelwa kwesitshalo ukubonakala kwezimpande ebusweni bomhlabathi. Ukufakelwa ngokwawo akuyona inkimbinkimbi futhi kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwamaminithi ambalwa. Isikhathi esihle sokusebenza ngenqubo yasemuva kwentwasahlobo. Lesi sitshalo sivumelekile kakhulu umhlabathi ovulekile, ongenakunyakaziswa kumswakama nomoya. Lezi zidingo zihambisana ne-substrate eqediwe yama-orchid, engathengwa ezitolo zezimbali. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi ixubene ne-polystyrene i-foam balls. Ukuvimbela ukugoba, ukugeleza kufakwa ebhodweni: izingcezu zobumba noma izitsha ze-ceramic, amahlumela enkuni azoba afanelekayo.

Indlela yokuguqula abanturium:

  1. Bamba ngobumnene izinhlangothi ze-flowerpot kusuka phansi, kuyilapho igumbi lobumba nesistimu lempande lihlukaniswe namadonga ebhodweni. Uma igumbi linganele, udinga ukubamba ngokucophelela ummese obukhali emaphethelweni angaphakathi.
  2. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala, isitshalo kufanele sibanjwe ngesandla esisodwa, kanti enye kufanele iguqe ibhodlela phansi ngembali.
  3. Imbiza enkulu yemifino emisha ngalesi sikhathi kufanele igcwaliswe kakade nge-substrate elungiselelwe.
  4. Uhlelo lwempande luvikelwe kusuka ezinsalela zomhlabathi zakudala lapho kunokwenzeka.
  5. I-Anthurium ihlelwe ebhodweni elisha phakathi nendawo, ngemva kwalokho izimpande zimbozwe ngokuphelele nge-substrate, zihlanganisa kancane inhlabathi.
  6. Isitshalo esikhiqizwayo siphuziswa ngokulinganisela.
Kubalulekile! Uma lesi sitshalo sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu embhodini wevolumu encane kakhulu, kungase kube nokuntula okunamandla komsoco. I-Anthurium ibonisa lokhu ngamabala, amaqabunga ahlumayo kanye nokuqothula kwezimbali.

Ukuzala

Ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha ze-humanrium kudinga amakhono athile. Kunezindlela eziningana zokukhiqiza: ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, ngokusika nokuhlwanyela imbewu.

Ukuchitha isihlahla

Isitshalo esichazwe kulula ukusabalalisa ngale ndlela. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe entwasahlobo futhi mhlawumbe izitshalo ezindala. Indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla:

  1. I-Anthurium isuswa ngokucophelela embizeni yembali.
  2. Uhlelo lwempande luhlukaniswe ngokucophelela zibe izingxenye eziningana ngesandla noma ngommese obukhali.
  3. Kuzo zonke izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe kumele zibe nezimpande kanye nemifino.
  4. Izitshalo ezihlukanisiwe zitshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini.

Cuttings

Isikhathi esincane nokubekezela kudinga i-humanrium ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ngokuhlanganiswa.

Indlela yokusakazwa ngayo izitshalo zezihlahla:

  1. Ngalesi sizathu, amahlumela akhethiwe ngamanothi amancane, okuyiwona owona mthombo wezimpande zesikhathi esizayo.
  2. I-cuttings inqunywa ngommese obukhali kakhulu engeni lika-45 °.
  3. Iziqu ezinqunywe zifakwe engilazini yamanzi, ebeka endaweni ekhanyayo.
  4. Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwezimpande, izinga lokushisa elihle ekamelweni lingaba ngu-20 ... + 25 ° C.
  5. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zokuqala ezincane zivele. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi izitshalo zingatshalwa emhlabathini kuphela ngemuva kokwakheka kwezimpande ezindala nezimpande. Okuncane futhi obuthakathaka abakwazi ukunikeza isitshalo esincane ngamanzi anele kanye nezakhi.
Kubalulekile! I-Anthurium iqukethe i-toxin, ngakho-ke amaqabunga ayo nezimbali azikwazi ukuhlafunwa, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi izingane nezilwane ezincane bathanda ukuzenza, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekufakeni ubuthi.

Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni

Uma kumhlophe, kutholakala izithelo ezincane eziguquguqukayo emva kwemifino, ungakhula abanturium kusuka imbewu. Kusukela isikhathi sokuhluma kwenhlanyelo sinciphise kakhulu, kufanele kuhlwanyelwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwesithelo. Indlela yokuthola izitshalo ezintsha kusuka kumbewu:

  1. Imbewu isuswe esithelweni, ihlanza kahle emanzini aphuma emaspini nasejusi (ijusi livimbela ukuhluma).
  2. Imbewu ivumelekile ukuba yomile kancane, ngemva kwalokho ihlwanyela ngokushesha endaweni emanzi futhi ehlanganisiwe ye-peat substrate noma inhlabathi enhlabathi.
  3. Imbewu encane ayilali phezulu, njengoba idinga ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze kuhlume.
  4. Isiqukathi sokutshala nezitshalo sihlanganiswe nesembozo esingafihli (ingilazi noma i-polyethylene), evuliwe kabili ngelanga isigamu sehora sokushayela.
  5. Inhlabathi igcinwa njalo endaweni emanzi, isishafaza nge-spray spray spray.
  6. Ukuze imbewu ihlume ekamelweni, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-20 ... + 25 ° C.
  7. Amahlumela okuqala azobonakala avela emhlabathini ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-10-12.
  8. Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga amabili amaqabunga eqiniso enza izithombo ezincane, adilika, awatshale eziqukathi zokutshala ngabanye.

Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni

Ukuguqulwa kwamafutha kanye nokuqothula amaqabunga kungabangela izimbangela ezihlukahlukene, ezingavumelani ngaso sonke isikhathi ne-infestation yembali ngezinambuzane noma izifo. Okufanayo kusebenza ekuqabeni kweqabunga futhi kubuthakathaka noma kungenakwenzeka ngokuphelele kwembali. Amaphutha ayenzeka ekunakekeleni abanturium:

  1. I-Anthuriums ayithandi ilanga eliqondile, kodwa lisadingeka ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Uma ukukhanya okwanele, isitshalo asiqhakazi. Iziqu eziphakeme kakhulu zamaqabunga angavamile zikhombisa nokuntuleka kokukhanya. Kulesi simo, indawo yokumbiza kumele ishintshwe.
  2. Ama-dry spots kumaqabunga abonisa ukungabi nomswakama. Imbali kufanele iphuze kaningi, futhi amaqabunga asitshalo kufanele ahlungwe ngamanzi aqukethe amaconsi ambalwa kalamula kalamula.
  3. Ukuphikisa amaqabunga e-humanrium kubonisa ukuthi isitshalo sithola ilanga elikhanyayo kakhulu. Kulokhu, kunconywa futhi ukushintsha indawo yembali.
  4. Umngcele ophuzi emaqabunga ubonisa umoya obandayo kakhulu nomswakama owandayo emhlabathini.
  5. Ukondla okuningi futhi okuvamile kungabangela ukuguqulwa kwamaqabunga. Uma inhlabathi noma i-substrate inenani elanele lezakhi zalo, isikhathi phakathi kokuphakelayo singanda.
  6. Ukuqothula amaqabunga nokufa kwezimbali - i-pH iphezulu kakhulu enhlabathini. Isitshalo sidinga i-acid substrate. Susa ngokucophelela enye ye-substrate endala kusuka ebhodweni bese ugcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho nge-substrate entsha enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-peat.
Uyazi? I-petal enemibala enesimo senhliziyo akuyona imbali yabanturium, kodwa i-bract. Izimbali zakhe zangempela zakhiwa ama-cones amancane, eqoqwe emgodleni, ophakathi nendawo. Umsebenzi wesibindi ukuvikela izimbali.

Izifo

Indawo yokuhlala ezishisayo, njengezitshalo ezivamile, ingaphansi kokuhlasela kwezinambuzane eziyingozi nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo. Ukunakekelwa okungalungile kunomthelela ekubukeni kwabo: uma kungenwa izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imbali ithanda ukuhlala umswakama njalo, i-humansrium ingagula uma iphuziswa kakhulu, kepha izimpande zayo zingaphansi kwe-substrate enesibindi, engenakuphelelwa. Izimpande zesikhathi eside emanzini ziholela ekuthuthukiseni ukubola kwezimpande, ezingenakulungiswa ukwelashwa. Njenge-ambulensi, lesi sitshalo singasusa izimpande ezibolile futhi zibe slimy, ngokushesha sitshale imbali endaweni efanelekile, bese ukhawulela okwesikhashana umswakama. Noma kunjalo, izinyathelo ezinjalo azikhohlisi ngaso sonke isikhathi empumelelweni, kanti izimpande ezinomthelela wegciwane zingafa.

I-Anthurium nayo ijwayele izifo ze-fungal:

  1. I-Anthracnose. Kwenzeka emva kokuchelela ngokweqile kanye namanzi amaningi emhlabathini. Ubangela amabala amnyama emaqabunga.
  2. I-Septoria. Uphawu oluyinhloko yizindawo ezihleliwe ngezikhathi ezinomsoco omnyama obomvu kanye nemiphetho ephuzi.
  3. I-Fusarium, i-rhizoctoniosis.
Izifo ze-fungal ziyaphathwa ngokuphatha inhlabathi enamanzi ne-Fundazole, futhi izitshalo ngokwazo - ngamalungiselelo aqukethe i-fungicides.

Uyazi? Uhlobo olumelelekile lwenhliziyo nobuhlobo besikhathi eside besikhathi eside zezimbali kwenza i-Anthurium ibe umhlobiso wangempela ekhaya. Kukhona ama-hybrid ane imibala emihle ye-bracts: ushokoledi, i-burgundy, emnyama, eluhlaza, obomvana, omhlophe nokubomvu.

Izinambuzane

Imbali ihlaselwa izinambuzane ezinambuzane ezondla amangqamuzana alo nejusi:

  1. Ama-aphid adonsa ijusi labanturium futhi angaba ngumthombo wokutheleleka ngezifo ze-fungal. Ubukhulu obuncane nombala we-masking wezinambuzane zibavumela ukuba bangabonakali isikhathi eside. Ukuba khona kwabo kuboniswa ukuguqulwa komzimba nokulimala kwamagqabi nezimbali - kulokhu, izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha. Ukuvimbela ukusabalalisa okuqhubekayo kwezinambuzane, isitshalo esithathelelekile sihlukaniswa kuqala. Ukubhubhisa ama-parasites, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukushisa kwamakhemikhali ngendlela ye-granules kanye ne-liquid sprayed.
  2. Umbala wamaqabunga - kusuka ku-gray-green kuze kube ngethusi-obomvu noma obuluhlaza obuphuzi, kubonisa ukuhlaselwa yisicabucabu. Ukubheka ngokucophelela amaqabunga kubonisa iwebhusayithi encane ehlanganisa izindawo ezigulayo zabanturium. I-parasite ngokwayo ayikwazi ukubonwa ngaphandle kwe-microscope - ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-spider mite ngu-0.6 mm. Ukuhlanza isitshalo emkhakheni, ungasebenzisa ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali ehlathini noma usebenzisa izinambuzane ezikhethekile ezongezwa emanzini okunisela. Ukusula amaqabunga abathintekayo ngesiponji esinama-soapy ezinhlangothini zombili futhi kusiza ukulwa nesicabucabu, kodwa le ndlela ayiphumelelanga kakhulu uma kunezinambuzane eziningi eziphilayo ezinambuzane.

I-Anthurium iyitshalo enhle kakhulu ehlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi elinamagatsha alo kanye nama-bracts angavamile. Kulula ukumnakekela lapho ekhula ekhaya.Uma izidingo zendawo, ukushisa kwamakamelo kanye nokunisela kutholakala, i-humansrium izoyithokozisa umlimi cishe cishe wonke unyaka nonyaka ngezinsimbi zayo zokuhlobisa, ezibizwa ngezimbali ezibizwa nge-colloquially.

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