Uhlu lwezitshalo ezisetshenziswa ngempumelelo namuhla ngezinhloso zokwelapha lukhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi ukukhumbula amagama ngayinye kubo kunzima kakhulu.
Akumangalisi ukuthi bambalwa abaye bezwa ngo-onosme utshani, okuyinto, ngendlela, inezinto eziningi zokuphulukisa. Masifunde kabanzi mayelana nezici, izinzuzo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo.
Incazelo ye-botanical
U-Onosma utshani ubhekiselwa kuwo umndeni Burachnikovukuhlanganisa utshani, ama-shrub nesitshalo se-shrub. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningana zazo ezihlukile komunye nomunye hhayi kuphela ezicikisweni ze-botanical, kodwa nasezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. Noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunjani uhlobo lokukhuluma oluhilelekile, noma iyiphi yazo ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha ukugula okuthile. Zonke izitshalo zalesi sifo sine-gray grey, pubescence bristly, nobude bamacwecwe amaqabunga buyakwazi ukuhluka phakathi kuka-3-5 cm. Ububanzi bamaqabunga abo ngokuvamile bufinyelela ku-0.5 cm, butholakala ezihlokweni ezilula, ezibonakalayo phansi. 
Izimbali ze-Onosma - actinomorphic, inflorescences - i-cymose. Ukuhlanganisa, izimbali zidala uhlobo lwama-curls. I-corollas yesitshalo ngokuvamile inombala ophuzi obala, nakuba kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimhlophe, pink, bluish, ngisho nembala eminingi: okuningi kuxhomeke ezinhlotsheni ezithile. Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izinhlobo zonke zezinhlobo zinezakhe, nakuba, ngokuvamile ziqala ngoMeyi futhi ziphela eduze nehlobo.
Njengoba izithelo ze-onosma zinikezwa amantongomane ama-ovate amancane azinhlangothi ezintathu, afinyelela ubude obuyi-3-6 mm.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "onosma" livela kulesiGreki futhi liyingxenye yamagama amabili: "i-onos" - imbongolo kanye "osme" - iphunga.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
Ngeshwa, kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu mayelana nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali kwalesi sitshalo. Into kuphela engashiwo ukuthi i-onosma inesinye sezici ze-chemotaxonomic isici sezinye izitshalo eziningi zomndeni waseBurachnikov - ukuba khona kwe-rhizome lithospermic acid. 
Spread
Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zingatholakala eCaucasus, insimu yaseMedithera, i-Ural neSouth South yaseSiberia, engxenyeni ephakathi naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu ngisho nase-Asia Ephakathi. Ezinye zezinhlobo ze-onosma zikhethele zona izindawo ezikhudlwana kakhulu zokukhula: izindawo zamatshe emagquma asezintabeni, amadwala, amahlathi kanye nezindawo ze-steppe ezingenayo umoya ongavamile. Ngokuyinhloko, endaweni eqoshiwe eCrimea enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ikhula - i-Onosma Crimean.
Funda futhi izakhiwo eziwusizo nokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo: i-stonecrop, i-autumn crocus, i-gentian, i-dodder, i-avran, i-gravilat, i-magonia, i-gravy, i-thistle, i-woodlice, i-bergenia, i-veynik, i-dope, i-borge, i-sedge, i-sweetheart, i-lyubki, i-zheleznitsy, i-Chervil.
Izinhlobo ezidumile
Esigabeni sama-perennials nama-biennials okuthiwa i- "Onosma" namuhla kukhona cishe Izinhlobo ezingu-145, kodwa ngokuvamile abantu bahlangana namaCrimea, ama-sandy, ama-multi-leaved, alula, ahlukahlukene, amaDon nezinhlobonhlobo zokudaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Trans-Ural, umbhoshongo kanye ne-onosma emhlophe-emhlophe iyaziwa kabanzi. Masifunde kabanzi mayelana nabo.
Kulula kakhulu
Lezi zinhlobo, njengezihlobo zayo eziningi, zihlala isikhathi eside, zifinyelela ubude obungama-40 cm. Ku-onosma elula, i-lanceolate, ama-platelet ama-oblong ama-widlong nama-florets amakhulu ahlanganiswa abe yi-inflorescences. Ukuphakama kwama-peduncles okungewona ama-branching ku-15-30 cm. Ukuqala kwezimbali kufana nokuphela kwentwasahlobo futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. 
Ukuvuthwa kwamantongomane amnyama (ama-2-3 mm kuphela ubude) kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Lezi zinhlobo zivame ukutholakala engxenyeni eningizimu-mpumalanga yeRussia Federation nasempumalanga ye-Ukraine.
I-elula kakhulu ifana ne-onosma engaphezu kwe-Ural, ngaphandle uma isitshalo se-biennial futhi sinomthamo obumhlophe obumhlophe. Izimbali zivela kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kuphakathi kwehlobo.
I-Multicolor
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zimelelwa ngamakhambi we-biennial, ngokuvamile ngeziqu eziningana (kuze kube yi-6). Ukuphakama kwe-onosma ene-multicolor kufinyelela kumitha eyodwa, nakuba izibonelo ezincane zingenzeka, kusuka ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Amagatsha weziqu abonakala phakathi kwawo futhi wonke ambozwe kakhulu ngezinwele ezibomvu, ezinomzimba omncane, nakuba i-pubescence esezansi ngokuvamile inomthunzi omhlophe, futhi phezulu ungobomvu noma ophuzi. Ubude bamacwecwe amashidi bungaba ngu-1-1.5 cm, ububanzi buka-2-12 mm. Amapheshana aphansi angaphezu kwesibhakabhaka futhi asakaze (ngaphezulu aphelelwe emaphethelweni), futhi phezulu kukhona oblong ne-lanceolate, sessile esisekelweni. 
I-inflorescences ye-onticma ye-multicolor imelwe ngamancinci amancane, kodwa aminyene, kanti uma kukhona izithelo kuwo, khona-ke iyanwetshwa futhi iqondiswe. Ama-sepals angama-linear ne-lanceol akhululekile, afinyelela ubude obuyi-7-11 mm, nakuba emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza bendlula nakakhulu, kuya ku-16 mm. Ubude be-corolla ye-tubular ngu-12-13 mm.
Ibonakala ngamazinyo afakwe emangqamuzaneni nombala obala kathathu: ubusika bokuqala, bese obomvu noma obomvu, futhi ekugcineni kube bumnyama obumnyama. Ama-millimeter anthers we-onosma cishe awaxhumi; ngokuvamile avame ukuxhuma kuphela phansi futhi aqede nge-appendages encane phezulu. Kanye nalo lonke isitshalo, bayakwenza kube yindlela enhle kakhulu yokuhlobisa izindawo ezizimele.
Funda ukuthi izitshalo ziyasiza kanjani nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani: izimpande ezimnyama, utshani obunamapayipi, i-woodgrass, i-bluebush, i-rosemary yase-wild, i-orchi, i-levzeyu, i-cocklerelle, i-tarragon, i-budra, i-comfrey, i-aconite, i-acot, i-altea.
Don
Lezi zinhlobo ze-onosma zimelelwa ama-semi-shrubs, zifinyelela ubude obungama-35 cm. Iziqu ezimhlophe ziningi futhi ziyazimbali, zinamahlumela angenasithelo. Amapuleti weLeaf - i-lanceolate, anezingqimba ezinamathele kanye ne-pubescence enesidingo ngesimo se-adherence cristal. I-inflorescence ye-Don onosma ingaba yomibili elula futhi ephindwe kabili, enezimbali zesimo esifanele. Izinkomishi zabo ikakhulukazi i-lanceolate, nakuba zingxenyeni zamahhala zine-lanceolate-linear, zifinyelela ubude buka-9 mm, ngobubanzi buka-1.5 mm. 
I-Corollas yamaphethini okukhonjwa ama-15-20 mm ubude obudwetshwe ngombala ophuzi ophuzi. Kuzo zonke izingxenye, ngaphandle kwamazinyo, azinalutho, afane nesibindi semisipha. Izimbali zenzeka ngoMeyi-Julayi. Ubude be-stalk bungamamitha ayisithupha, banezithelo ezilahla ngamantongomane ahlala phezu kwawo, okuvuthwa eduze kukaJulayi-Agasti. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Don onosma (ikakhulukazi) kwenzeka nge-seminal method.
Ngokusekelwe egameni lalezi zinhlobonhlobo, kulula ukuqagela ncamashi lapho ungayithola khona: eduze neDon ne-Seversky Donets imifula, noma kunalokho ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nangaphansi. Engxenyeni ye-Ukraine, itholakala ngasogwini lwemifula uDry Volnovakha noKrynka, nakuba ukhula lwe-onoma luhlanganisa zonke izifunda zaseDonetsk, Kharkiv naseLugansk. I-substrate enhle kakhulu yezinhlobo zeDon ze-plant echazwe kuyoba yikhoksi evulekile, i-limestone kanye ne-marl slopes, kanye namanhlabathi, ama-granites, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izihlahla ze-sandstone zehlathi.
Zijwayeze ngezinto eziwusizo nezindlela zokupheka ukuze usebenzise i-lily yesigodi, i-dandelion, i-cornflower, i-buttercups, i-suit suit, i-lovage, i-nivyanik, i-voronets, i-rhodiola, i-soapwort, i-stonecrop, i-deviacela, i-aloe, i-kalanchoe, i-rosemary.
Amanqamu-amaningi
Le-osnoma isitshalo se-herbaceous, esifinyelela ukuphakama kuka-15-30 cm. Sineziqabunga ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimbozwe izimbali ezimhlophe eziluhlaza ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo. Ukukhiqiza - imbewu, nakuba ukuhluma kwezinhlanzi kungabizwa ngokuthi kuphakeme.
Kubalulekile! I-onosma evulekile eminingi isitshalo esingavamile, esingatholakala eduze kweNovorossiysk, e-Krasnodar Territory nasezintabeni zaseCrimea. Kubhalwe eNcwadini Ebomvu YeRussian Federation njengezinhlobo ezisengozini, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesici somuntu kanye niche encane yemvelo.
Lesi sitshalo sizizwa sihle kakhulu emanqenqemeni, emadwaleni amadwala namadwala, endaweni ephakeme cishe ngo-100-1000 m, ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Esikhathini samasiko ale-onosme, indima yensimu yokuhlobisa inikezwa. 
Ukudaya
Omunye utshani obuneminyaka emibili ubudala, obunezimbali zakhe ezifinyelela ku-20-70 cm. Isibonelo ngasinye sinamathela amaningana, ama-branch neziqu ezimbozwa ngama-crystal phezu kobuso bonke (ubude 1-3 mm). Ngezansi amaqabunga, ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-3-15 cm, ububanzi buka-3-15 mm. Zonke zazo zihlukaniswa noma zihlukaniswa-ziphazamisekile, zinezibhamu ekugcineni nasesisekelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pubescence iyabonakala emgqeni omkhulu kanye nasemaphethelweni amaqabunga.
I-inflorescences ye-onosma yedayi ifakwa kakhulu, ama-pedicels afinyelela ubude buka-1-2 mm, nobude bracts cishe buhambisana nobude be-calyx (okokuqala leli xabiso lihambisana no-6-11 mm, kepha ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwembali kufinyelela ku-12-20 mm). I-Corolla ifinyelela ubude buka-8-12, ngezinye izikhathi i-15 mm. Ngokuvamile upende ngombala ophuzi ophuzi, ngokuvamile uvunyelwe ngezindawo ezibubende. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-pubescent ayibhaliwe noma ihamba kancane, cishe i-1/3 ubude bekomishi. 
Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zimelelwa ngamantongomane abushelelezi, 3-4 m ubude. Ukuhluma kwezinhlobonhlobo zedayi kwenzeka ngoMeyi-June, emva kwalokho isitshalo sife. Ukukhiqiza - imbewu kuphela.
Ungathola lokhu kuhlukahluka ensimini yeLwandle Olumnyama, eCrimea, kwezinye izindawo endaweni ephakathi yenxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia (isibonelo, ezindaweni zaseVoronezh naseBelgorod).
Funda futhi mayelana nezakhiwo zokuphulukisa zezitshalo: i-linden, umlotha, i-walnut, i-elderberry, i-hawthorn, i-rosehip, i-barberry, i-fir.
I-Crimea
Omunye wabameleli abavelele kakhulu kulolu hlobo, olungelona lutho kubonakala eNcwadini Elubomvu njengezinhlobo ezisengozini. Lo utshani obunaphakade, njengezinye izihlobo zawo, buhlanganiswe ne-pubescence eyigugu, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kungama-40 cm. Ingxenye yesitshalo imisiwe, amaqabunga amaqabunga angama-lanceolate-avuliwe, ahlelwe eceleni. Izimbali eziphuzi, njengezitshalo, ziyi-pubescent encane, abashayayo babhekwa ngesimo se-tubular esenziwe ngebell futhi babumbene esambulela esilula, kancane kancane kwehla. Izithelo zalolu hlobo lwe-onosma limelelwa yin nati. Njengabanye abaningi, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Yiqiniso, iCrimea yindawo yokuzalwa yalokhu ku-onosma, nakuba ivame ukutholakala eYurophu. 
Inhlobonhlobo yemibhoshongo, ekhula ngamamitha angu-30, ihamba ngezindlela eziningi ezifana neCrimea. Izimbali zayo zinemibala ephuzi ephuzi, futhi kuzo zonke izingxenye i-bristle enzima ibonakala ngokucacile. Izimbali zihambisana nokubonakala kwezimbali ezinhlobonhlobo zaseCrimea.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ngezinzuzo kanye nezimo ezimbi zokwelapha zokwelapha: i-coltsfoot, i-calendula, i-lemon balm, i-mint, i-wort yaseSt. John, umhlonyane, ubuhlungu nokuphulukisa, i-immortelle, i-ginseng.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Ngezinhloso zokwelapha, zonke izingxenye ze-onosma ziyasetshenziswa, ngoba kokubili amaqabunga, iziqu, nezimbali zalesi sitshalo zinomthelela omuhle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zomzimba. Isibonelo, ihluke kahle diuretic, sedative futhi antihypertensive, ngakho-ke lokho kungenza kube lula ukusebenza komshini we-central central, umfutho wegazi, ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa komonakalo kanye nokulimala kwinethiwekhi ye-vascular capillary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-onosma inokuthile imiphumela ye-myotropic, ukwehlisa ithoni yezinsipho ezibushelelezi zezingaphakathi zangaphakathi nokuziphumuza.
Kuye ngohlobo oluthile lwesitshalo, ungaxoxa ngenye yezinye izindawo zayo. Ngakho-ke, uma izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeCrimea zinezimo ezithinta izidakamizwa futhi zenza umonakalo, khona-ke iqabunga lezinhlobo eziningi libhekwa ngokuthi yizinto eziphikisanayo zokuvuvukala, ukulwa namagciwane nokulwa nesifo.
Njengoba kunikezwe konke lokhu, kulula ukuqagela ukuthi i-onosma ebaluleke kakhulu iyokwelapha ukwelashwa kwesibindi, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zokuchama, futhi iyoba yindlela enhle yokuqinisa uhlelo lwezinsiza. 
Isicelo
Njengoba sishilo, ukusetshenziswa okusabalalisa kakhulu kwe-herb onosma kubonakala emithini yemithi, engachazwa ngokugcwele ngempahla yayo yokuphulukisa. Kodwa-ke, abanye besifazane bayayisebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo ekhaya, bexazulula imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Masifunde kabanzi mayelana nawo wonke amathuba okusetshenziswa kwawo.
Kuzokwelapha
Ngokuyinhloko, i-onosma imifino ibaluleke kakhulu emithi yokwelapha, nakuba namuhla sekuvele kunokwenzeka ukuthola amalungiselelo okwelapha esemthethweni, afaka nalesi sitshalo. Ngakho, i-decoction elungiselelwe kahle izosiza ukuxazulula le nkinga. ikhanda, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokwandisa i-diuresis, futhi konke okudingayo nje uthele u-3 tbsp. l izitshalo eziqoshiwe 400 ml amanzi, ubilise ingxube imizuzu emihlanu ngokushisa okuphansi. Uma i-decoction ifakwe kahle (ngokuvamile amahora amabili anele), ingahlanzwa futhi idliwe ngekomishi kathathu ngosuku.
Izinwele zingalwa ngosizo lwe-Willow, i-anyanisi e-Indian, i-catnip, i-nutmeg.
Ukwenza okufanayo decoction ngokumelene nokulala nokushisa komfutho Kudingekile ukuxuba izitshalo eziningana, ungeze onosme i-clover ye-trans-Ural ethandekayo yokwelapha kanye nomama wamaqabunga amahlanu, ngesilinganiso se-1: 1: 2 isipuni sezipuni bese uthele amanzi abilayo (1 indebe) amahora ambalwa. Isihlungi sokungenisa ukulungela futhi usebenzise isikhathi ngasinye ngaphambi kokudla kathathu ngosuku. 
Ngendlela, abahlengikazi be-Trans-Ural basebenzisa kuphela i-onosma yendawo yendawo, i-trans-Ural on therapy, ukuyisebenzisa ukuze idale izinhlayiya ezivela emigraines futhi ikhulise i-diuresis. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo ezimele izinhlobo ezilula kakhulu zinciphisa ukucindezela kwegazi, ukwandisa inhliziyo yamaplitude, ijulise ukuphefumula futhi ibe nomthelela wokulwa nomkhuhlane kanye nemiphumela ye-antipyretic.
Uyazi? Sekuyisikhathi eside odokotela baseSiberia beye basebenzise ama-onosma elula ekuphatheni izimpikiswano, kanti nakuba kungekho ulwazi olusemthethweni mayelana nezinzuzo zendlela enjalo, kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi ukuphulukiswa okunjalo kubaluleka kanjani.
Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke
Namuhla, ukusetshenziswa kwe-onosma empilweni yansuku zonke akuyona iningi ngokwezinhloso zezokwelapha, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungaboni amakhono ayo okudweba. Izimpande zalesi sitshalo zihle idayi yemvelo, ongenza kalula into ebomvu kalula.
I-Viburnum, i-goldenrod, i-sage, i-white acacia, i-veronica, i-lungwort, i-thuja, i-yarrow, i-meadowsweet, i-oregano, i-cinquefoil emhlophe, i-eucalyptus, i-crested hen, i-arnica, i-chamomile ithathwa njengokuphulukisa impilo yabesifazane.
Ngokwezinkinga zomzimba
Kukholelwa ukuthi i-onosma ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekuqedeni izinkinga zemizimba, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemiphumela yayo ye-diuretic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. 
Ngakho, ngosizo lalesitshalo ungakwazi ukulwa i-cystitis nezinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni, futhi konke okudingayo ukuphoqa noma ubilise ingxube yamagremu ayishumi otshani obomile kanye nengilazi yetshezi (thatha isipuni 2-3 njalo ngamahora angu-6-8).
Kubalulekile! Asikho isitshalo esingabhekwa njengendlela yokuqeda ukwelashwa kwesinye noma esinye isifo, ngakho-ke i-onosma ayikwazi ukubhekwa njengesixazululo esifanele kuphela sezinkinga zemizimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kwezinzuzo zayo kule ndawo, okusho ukuthi owesifazane usebenzisa lesi sitshalo engozini yakhe kanye nengozi. Kuyafana nokuphathwa kwe-oncology.
Ukungahambisani nemiphumela emibi
Naphezu kwayo yonke imithi yayo yokwelapha, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuthi, i-onosma inezinkambiso ezithile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo. Yingakho, ngaphambi kokuba ubeke ukwelashwa usebenzisa isitshalo ngokwawo noma izidakamizwa ezisekelwe kulo, kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho.
I-Onosma inomthelela oqinile emzimbeni womuntu, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaholela ekuphazamiseni okuhlukahlukene emsebenzini wayo. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kugwenywe ngabantu abanokuzwela ngabanye ezingxenyeni ezisemqoka zalesi sitshalo, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabesifazane abancane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala. Uma kwenzeka izifo ezinzima zesistimu ye-urogenital, ukulungiswa kwe-infusion ngayinye yokuphulukisa kufanele kuhlanganiswe nodokotela wakho, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuxilongwa kwalesi simo akukwazi ukukhishwa. 
Ukusabela okwenziwe nge-allergenic nokuvuvukala kwama-membranes kufanele kube phakathi kwemiphumela emibi yokusetshenziswa kwe-onosma, nakuba lesi sici siyisici kuphela sokudlula ngokweqile futhi kunezinkinga ezinkulu ezinhlanganweni ezithile.
Ukukhula
Ngemva kokufunda ngezakhiwo zokuphulukisa zalesi sitshalo, abantu abaningi bavele bephupha ngokuthola "umsizi" onjalo kumkhakha wabo, kepha ukuze ihlome futhi iveza amandla awo angokwemvelo ngokugcwele, idinga ukudala izimo ezihle kulokhu. I-Onosma ayiyona into ehlukile kulokhu, ngakho-ke ake sithole mayelana nezidingo zesitshalo ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, indawo yokutshala kanye nezinye izici zokulima.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Umhlabathi kanye nenani laso lokudla okunomsoco yizingxenye eziyinhloko zenqubo eqhubekayo yokukhula kwe-onosma. Kulokhu sikhuluma ngamaphaphu. i-loamy noma inhlabathi enhlabathi, nge ukusabela okungekho hlangothi noma okubuthakathaka kwe-alkali kanye nesistimu yokuhambisa amanzi.Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukugqoka okhethekile, kodwa ukugcina isimo saso esihle kuyasiza ukwengeza i-lime e-slaked emhlabathini.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo zenhlabathi, i-asidi yehlabathi kanye nokukhishwa kwenhlabathi, kanye nomsele wamanzi.
Ukukhetha indawo nokukhanyisa
Indawo ekahle yokukhula i-onosma kuyoba izindawo zendawo evikelekile emoyeni futhi ikhanyiswe ilanga. Ukuqothula ukuqhuma komoya, kanye ne-ingress yesilinganiso esikhulu sezulu, kungasithinta kakhulu isimo sesitshalo, ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo, kungcono ucingo lube luhlangothini olunomoya. 
Izimo zokushisa
U-Onosma uzizwa emuhle kakhulu isilinganiso sezulu sezingakodwa ikakhulukazi elishisayo kakhulu ebusika kungashona. Ngakho-ke, uma ehlobo (ngezinga lokushisa kuze kufike ku-30 ° C), lesi sitshalo sizozizwa singavamile, ebusika, lapho izinsika ze-thermometer ziwela ngezansi zero, kuzodingeka zimbozwe, ngaphezu kwalokho zivikeleke emakhazeni ngezinto ezikhethekile (isibonelo, i-spandex noma i-spandex noma isigqoko esivamile).
Ukuhlwanyela nokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Onoma kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu: ngokuhlwanyela imbewu enhlabathini nokutshala izicuttings ezilungiselelwe ngaphambili, mhlawumbe zenziwe esitshalweni sasendle. Yiqiniso, kuzo zonke lezi zimo kuyoba nezici eziqondile zenqubo.
Imbewu
Ukusakazwa kwembewu - inketho elula ukuthola i-onosma kusayithi lakho. Ukwenza lokhu, kudingekile ukuba ukhule izithombo ngezimbiza ezihlukene, ekamelweni lokushisa, bese uzihlwanyela endaweni ehlala njalo yokukhula. Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kuvame ukuqhutshwa entwasahlobo, besebenzisa lokhu ngenhloso yensimbi elula futhi emanzi, nakuba ivame ukutshala ngesikhathi sekwindla, okuthiwa "ngaphambi kokubusika".
Cuttings
Lolu khetho lungcono kakhulu ukuzala i-onosma ehlobo, ngokuqala ukutshala cuttings ku abamba ukushisa. Zinqunywe lapho kufika ukushisa okuqinile futhi zigxila endaweni evulekile, okuzothatha okungenani izinsuku ezingu-10-12. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi phakathi kwe-clip middle strip le ndlela ayiphumelelanga kakhulu kuneyokuqala, ngoba lapho kungekho khona izinga lokushisa elifanele, ukukhula kwezimpahla zokutshala kuzoba ngumsebenzi obunzima kakhulu. 
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Onosma ayithandi umswakama, kanye nokudlula kwamanzi ohlelweni lwempande kungalichitha ngokuphelele. Yingakho ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo ukuze umswakama owedlule uphume ngokushesha emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlangano yendlela yokudonsa amanzi emihle izosiza ukuvikela uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo ekubolekeni. Lapho kufika ekwindla, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, futhi ngesikhathi sezulu kukhanseliwe ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Inhlangano yezimbobo zamanzi izosiza ukuguqula amanzi angaphezu kwezizinda ezisezintabeni. Zibumbwe ezingxenyeni eziphansi kunazo zonke zensimu futhi zigcwele izendlalelo ezingaphezulu kakhulu zesihlabathi kanye namatshe. Kulapha ukuthi amanzi azogeleza, ashiye isimiso sezitshalo sezitshalo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Onosma ihlukaniswe "impilo" eqinile ngokwanele futhi uma ikhulile engadini, izinambuzane nezifo akuyona into embi. Nokho, ezimweni zokushisa, lesi sitshalo sithinta i-aphid ne-whiteflyukuhlasela amahlumela amancane noma ama-cuttings aneziqephu ezivele zivele.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokubhekana ne-whitefly ne-aphid.
Ukulungiselela izinto eziwusizo eziwusizo
Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, ngokulungiswa nokusetshenziswa kahle, zingasiza kakhulu, emva kwakho konke, izimbali, amaqabunga, neziqu zinempahla enhle yezinto ezibalulekile zomzimba. Ukuthengwa kwe-Onosma kuqala ukuhlanganyela isikhathi sezitshalo zezimbali nezimpikiswano, ukuqoqa lolu suku olomile nolunamandla. Ukutshala izinto eziluhlaza eziqoqiwe kwenziwa endaweni emnyama, enomoya omuhle, okwathi emva kwalokho kufakwa emasakeni esikhwameni bese ushiywe emakamelweni ahlanzekile futhi aomile anezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, impilo yeshalofu ye-onosma ivame cishe unyaka owodwa. 
Indlela yokusebenzisa
Ezinye zokupheka ezithandwayo zemithi yendabuko kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-onosma sezivele zichaziwe ngenhla, kodwa empeleni zikhona okuningi, ngoba konke kuxhomeke ekuguleni okuthile kanye nezici zenkambo yayo. Nakhu okunye ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwalesi sitshalo.
Lahla umkhuhlane futhi unciphise ukugeleza umfutho wegazi ophezulu i-infusion ephuma ku isipuni se-onosma echotshoziwe futhi ingilazi yamanzi abilayo iyosiza, okulandela ukuxuba kushiywe ukunika amahora amabili. Ithuluzi eliqedile lihlungiwe, bese lidliwa ngu-1-2 tbsp. izinkezo ngaphambi kokudla.
Nge ukungabi namandla Abesifazane bayelulekwa ukuba basebenzise isitshalo esiphelelwe umquba. Kulokhu, izingxenye ezomile ze-onosma ziyadluliselwa nge-grinder yenyama (kanye nama-sprigs), bese-ke i-powder esiphelile ithathwa kathathu ngosuku ngehora lehora ngaphambi kokudla, ngaphambi kokuxubana ne-1 isipuni seju. 
Yiqiniso, ezinye zalezi zokupheka ngokushesha zisiza ukubhekana nale nkinga, futhi omunye uzodinga ukwelashwa okungathí sina, esebenzisa i-onosma kuphela njengesiza. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokungaqiniseki komphumela wokugcina, akusizi ngalutho ukuphika izinzuzo zomuthi ochazwe ngomzimba womuntu, ngakho-ke, emva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ungathembela emithi yokwelapha.
