Umhlobiso wanoma iyiphi ingadi uzoba umsedari omuhle ophethe kahle - uphawu lwempilo nenhlala-kahle. Emvelweni, umuthi uthathwa njengesibindi eside: ngokwesilinganiso, umsedari uhlala iminyaka engama-400, ufinyelela ukuphakama okungama-40 m noma ngaphezulu. Izihlahla zemisedari endaweni yemvelo ziqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni engama-40-60. Indawo lapho kutshalwa khona esikhathini esizayo kukhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wesihlahla esidala. Izimpande zikaphayini womsedari zikhula ngobubanzi kanye nobudala futhi zingalimaza isisekelo sezakhiwo.
Ungawutshala kanjani umsedari kusuka ku-nati ekhaya
Ukutshala umsedari ovela kwi-nati ekhaya akuwona umsebenzi osheshayo, kepha kuyajabulisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuzoba nomuthi obabazekayo obuhlala buhleliwe esakhiweni esiseduze kwendlu, ongakwazi ukunikela kuphela izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo, kepha futhi ugcwala umoya ngamagciwane asezitshalo - ama-phytoncides.
Ihlathi lomsedari
Lapho ungathola khona ukwakheka kwembewu okudingekayo
Into yokuqala oyidingayo ukuthola izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni. Emvelweni, iphayini lomsedari lisatshalaliswa ngembewu yokuvuthwa kwezigaxa iminyaka emibili. Imbewu yokutshala kudingeka ithengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile ezingadini, ezindaweni zokugcina izingane, ezingosini ze-Intanethi. Izinto zokutshala kufanele zigcinwe emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu konyaka.
Imbewu yomsedari
Ungaluhluza kanjani amantongomane ephayini ekhaya
Amantongomane akhethwe ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele abe makhulu, ngegobolondo eliqinile, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zobumba nephunga elingathandeki. Ngokuvimbela izifo zokukhunta, imbewu ifakwa kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (i-potanganum permanganate) amahora angama-2-3.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, imbewu yomsedari wephayini idinga ukuphumula kobusika. Ukukhulisa amantongomane zikaphayini futhi kwandise ukuhluma kwembewu ekhaya, kudingeka izindlela zokulinganisa ukuze kulingise izinqubo zemvelo. Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:
- Amantongomane akhethiwe abekwa kwi-gauze noma ephepheni lephepha kude nge-1-1,5 cm.
- Manzi namanzi amaningi. Kulokhu, kulula ukusebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza.
- Imbewu enanyisiwe isembozwe ngomunye ungqimba we-gauze, ovuselelwe kabusha ngethanga.
- Ngemuva kokufaka amantongomane alungiselelwe esitsheni sepulasitiki, athunyelwa ukugcinwa esiqandisini.
Le nqubo ithatha okungenani izinyanga ezintathu emazingeni okushisa aze afike ku-50 ° C.
Ungamila kanjani izithombo zomsedari
Ukunakekelwa kokutshala okusha
Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, kukhuphuka amahora amaningi, bese imbewu ehlwanyelwe ingatshalwa emhlabathini olungiselelwe. Kufanele kube lula, ukuphefumula futhi ukuphefumula. Ingxube yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 3 noma ingxube ethengiwe yeConifers kufanelekile njengokutshala inhlabathi.
Amandla okukhula
Ungazisebenzisela ukuhluma iziqukathi zezimbali ze-balcony ezejwayelekile, amabhokisi enkuni noma epulasitiki. Ukuze inhlabathi ingavuki emigodini, phansi kufakwe umphetho ngezinto zokumboza, amakhadibhodi noma i-gauze.
Imithetho Yokutshala Nokunisela
Imbewu itshalwe ekugcineni okungaphansi, hhayi ukujula, kepha kucindezela kancane nje, ebangeni elingama-2-3 cm phakathi kwamapheshana bese kubekwa ukuhluma efasiteleni noma ngaphansi kwe-phytolamp. Thela amantongomane ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, ngokuzayo inhlabathi idinga ukuthanjiswa njalo, ukuvikela ukoma ngaphandle. Ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela aqandayo, thambisa izithombo kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza. Ukuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka komoya, inhlabathi ikhululwe ngobumnene nge-toothpick.
Ngemininingwane! Ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni, imbewu ibamba izinsuku eziningana.
Ukutshala umsedari kusuka kuNadi uye kwizithelo zokuqala ekhaya ngokukhanya okwanele kuzothatha iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ukuhluma kwembewu kungama-30-50%. Isikhathi semifino sikaphayini womsedari sifushane kakhulu, kuphela izinsuku ezingama-40-45 ngonyaka. Lokhu kuholela ekukhuleni kwezitshalo okuhamba kancane.
Izithombo zomsedari esitsheni
Ungawufaka kanjani umsedari
Ukufakelwa kokuqala kokumiswa komsedari, ngokufanekisa ne-dive, kuzoba ukufakelwa esitsheni esihlukile noma esikoleni sokukhula. Ngaphambi kokudlulisa umsedari, kubalulekile ukuthola imininingwane: izitshalo zidinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle, kanti ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ntambama ehlobo kuyabhubhisa.
Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka umswakama wenhlabathi. Ukunisela ejwayelekile kuzonikeza izimo ezintofontofo zokukhula kwamaphayini amasha. Ehlobo, ungahlela ukugeza kwezithombo kanye nezitshalo zabantu abadala. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ntambama, ngemuva kokushisa, ukuze kungashisi inaliti elangeni.
Kubalulekile! Umncintiswano we Root mubi ekuthuthukisweni kwesihlahla. Ukuqinisekisa ukondleka okufanele, kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukuqina esikoleni, ukususa ukhula ngesikhathi.
Izithombo zomsedari esikoleni
Izimpande zikaphayini womsedari zikhula eduze komhlaba, kusuka kumswakama owedlulele, zingabola.
Isilinganiso sobudala besithombo sokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo siyiminyaka engama-3-5. Izitshalo zikhula ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, izithombo zonyaka owodwa zingashiyana ngobukhulu. Kungcono ukugxila ngosayizi wesihlahla. Okukhulu, kuthuthukiswe kahle kungatshalwa phambilini, okuseleyo ukukhulele komunye unyaka. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kokufika kungu-1.5-2 m.
IKedari yisitshalo esikhulu, esinamandla, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele libhekwe okungenani ngamamitha ayi-3-4. Uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo ezi-coniferous lunompande oyimpande omkhulu namagatsha amaningi akhula eduze komhlabathi. Inhlabathi ekhanyayo iyadingeka ukuze kusatshalaliswe umoya ofanele.
Imbobo yesihlahla yemba izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2 kunesigaxa sezimpande. Ingxenye igcwele ingxube ye-peat, humus nesihlabathi, okuzohlinzeka ngayo uphaya omncane ngezakhi.
Umuthi omncane
Ngemininingwane! IKedari isitshalo se mycotropic. I-Mycorrhiza, ngaphandle kwalokho impande yesikhunta iwuphawu oluphumelelayo lwe-mycelium namaseli wezimpande. Ihlala ezimpandeni, amaseli e-mycelium ahlinzeka isitshalo ngokunikezwa kwezakhi zomzimba, kwesinye isikhathi ukucubungula ngokukhethekile. Ukuze kwakhiwe i-mycorrhiza, umhlaba wamahlathi onzinsalela zamakhowe ungezwa emgodini wokutshala.
I-mulching okuphoqayo yesifunda esingaphansi, ngaleyo ndlela igcina umswakama ezungeze izimpande, ivimbela ukukhula kokhula. Uma inhlabathi isindayo, i-clayey, ungqimba lwe-mulch luvikela isitshalo ekomeni ebusika.
Inketho efanelekile, eduze kwezimo zemvelo - udoti we-coniferous-deciduous, moss. I-Mulching ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande ezingaphansi, ezithuthukisa ukondleka kwezitshalo futhi zikhulise ukukhula kwalo. Njalo ngonyaka, ungqimba lwe-mulch lufuna ukuvuselelwa.
Izihlahla zikaphayini zemisedari azesabi izinguquko zokushisa. Babekezelela ngokuqinile amaqele nobushushu, abahlupheki ngamakhaza okubuya. Ngobudala, ukukhula kwaminyaka yonke kungama-50 cm.
Kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10, izihlahla ezincane azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngaphandle kokufaka umquba kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Kubalulekile! I-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini ivimbela ukukhula nokukhula kukaphayini womsedari, isitshalo sidinga ukumanyaniswa kwe-potassium kakhulukazi ne-phosphorus
Ukwakhiwa komqhele
Izihlahla zikaphayini zemisedari zingasetshenziswa emasimini ezitsheni, ezindaweni ezivulekile ngisho naku-bonsai. Ukuze kulondolozwe ukuhlobisa, umsedari, njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo esihlanganayo noma esinqenqemeni esakhiweni segadi, uthola ukwakhiwa komqhele kusukela esemncane. Ungakha isihlahla esivuthayo ngamagatsha esihlahla setende ngokususa amagatsha angaphansi esihlahla eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2-2,5 kusuka ezimpandeni.
Sebesuse isikhuni esivuthayo ngesigaxa, basimboza isilonda nge-var var yengadi. Le nqubo yenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimila zesitshalo, ebusika noma ekwindla.
Kubalulekile! Izihlahla zeConiferous kufanele zitshalwe kude nezakhiwo. Uma umbani noma izinhlansi zingena, izinkuni zazo ezinukayo zingadala umlilo.
Ukaphayini womsedari ngezithelo
Umsedari ungumuthi ohlanganayo noma oqabulayo
Lokhu, kusobala, isitshalo se-coniffort. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesinye isikhathi uphayini womsedari waseSiberia uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umsedari, yize empeleni lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zezitshalo.
Ngokusho kwencazelo ye-encyclopedic, uphayini womsedari waseSiberia (umsedari waseSiberia) - isitshalo esihlala sihlala sinhlobonhlobo, singenye yezinhlobo zohlobo lwePine lofuzo. Ubude bezinaliti buba ngu-70 cm.
Amantongomane kaphayini avunwa ngenkuthalo eSiberia nase-Urals. Okudla okumnandi, okunamavithamini nama-amino acid, kusebenza njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zamafutha omsedari. I-Cams gum resin inomphumela wokubulala amagciwane nokupholisa.
Izinkuni eziqinile ezikhanyayo zinombala omuhle ophuzi-ophuzi, onephunga elimnandi kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwefenisha, amapensela, izinsimbi zomculo.
Ecebile ngemibala ehlukene yamahlamvu, ehlobisa kakhulu, emapaki emhlabeni jikelele ungathola amaqoqo namaqembu angawodwa esiqhwaga saseSiberia.
Ukhula umsedari unzima, kepha kungenzeka. Into esemqoka ukulandela ukulandelana kwezenzo futhi uthenge izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
