I-anatomy yesilwane ihlola isakhiwo somzimba wayo. Ngokuvamile, umzimba wesilwane ungahlukaniswa ube yizihloko, ama-skeleton nezitho zangaphakathi. Ukuqonda okuningiliziwe ngesakhiwo somzimba kwenza kube lula ukuhlola kahle ikhono lesilwane ukusebenzisana nalo, ukusiza uma kunesidingo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola isimo somzimba wehhashi - isifuba saso, uhlelo lwezitho zangaphakathi kanye nendaba.
Ama-horse squelette
Amasipha walesi silwane aklanyelwe ukumelana nomthwalo omkhulu, okwenzeka lapho usebenza izinsimbi ezisheshayo nezihambayo. Ngokuvamile, i-foal inamathambo angaphezu kwama-250 lapho izalwa, amanye awo akhula ndawonye esekhulile. Amasipha omuntu omdala aqukethe amathambo angama-212 axhunyiwe angenawo emagcekeni noma ngokuhambela ngamalungu.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yemithwalo emikhulu emilenzeni, umlenze ophukile wehhashi ukulimala okungenakuphiliswa ngokuphelele. Uma ungafuni ukulahla isilwane esilimele, udinga ukuyiyisa esimweni sokuphumula esiphezulu futhi asisasebenzisi njengomsebenzi.
Amathambo ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amahlanu kuye ngokuthi abekwe kanjani emzimbeni. Ihhashi inomgogodla ohlanganisa zonke izingxenye zamathambo, isifuba, i-skull, amathambo angaphambili kanye nezinyawo ezisekhaleni. Ngokwesilinganiso, iqembu ngalinye liqukethe amathambo angu-45. 
Amathambo e-skull amacwecwe amancane aqoshiwe ane-suture. Zivikela ubuchopho nezitho zobuso. Ikholomu yomgogodla ihlanganisa amathambo entanyeni, emuva nangesikhumba, iyiselula futhi iguquguqukayo.
Kusukela ku-vertebrae, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, izimbambo ezigobile ngokukhazimulayo zihlanganisa, zihlanganisa ngokusizwa kwe-cartilages kuya enkundleni engezansi. Bakha isikhumba esifubeni futhi bavikele izitho zangaphakathi ngethonya langaphandle. Umgogodla uphela nge-sacral bone, lapho amathambo e-pelvis enweba khona, ekwakheni umgudu wesistimu ye-urinary.
Uyazi? Ihhashi elikhulu emhlabeni wonke lahlala kuma-1840 e-England. Ukugcoba okuthiwa uSamson eneminyaka emibili kufinyelele ukuphakama kwe-2 m 20 cm lapho kubonakala khona futhi kulinganiswe ngaphezu kuka-1.5 000 kg. Irekhodi lakhe kuze kube manje kumuntu uhlulekile ukushaya.Ama-pair of limbs, anterior and posterior, faka ama-mobilly emathanjeni ase-pelvic ne-brisket. Lezi zandulela zihlangene ezivela emahlombe, ama-radius namathambo angamahlombe, i-elbow, isibindi, i-metacarpus ne-hoof. Izitho zangasemuva zihlanganisa u-hip, idolo, i-shin, i-hock, i-metatarsus, izintambo, nama-hooves. Phakathi kwamathambo axhunyiwe ngamajoyina ahambayo.
Izihloko noma izingxenye zomzimba
Ngokwesilinganiso, amahhashi anezihloko ezingaba ngu-60. Ukuhlolwa kwabo kuvumela ukuhlola ukukhiqiza nokusebenza kwezilwane. Zonke izihloko zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu - ikhanda kanye ne-torso, izitho, umthethosisekelo.
Isakhiwo sekhanda samahhashi
Ukuma kwekhanda kudala i-skull. Kuye ngohlobo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamakhanda - i-concave, i-convex futhi iqondile.
Mbula
Uhlobo lwe-pike oluqondile luyatholakala emifuleni yasempumalanga. Isakhiwo esinjalo se-skull sikwenza ukuba sikwazi ukupholisa umoya oshisayo emaqenjini angasese emva kokuphuza futhi sivikela esihlabathini ukuze singene emakhaleni. Ummeleli okhanyayo yihhashi le-Akhal-Teke.
Kubalulekile! I-Ganash - iqhuma ngaphansi kwe-line ephansi yomhlathi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo liyakuthinta kakhulu izimfanelo zokusebenza zehhashi. Uma leli banga lingaphansi kuka-10 cm, i-ganash izohlala ku-pharynx, futhi kuyoba nzima ukuba isilwane siphefumule.Iphrofayli eqondile yizici zemisebenzi emikhulu yokusebenza nokugibela kwamahhashi adinga ukuphumula okuhle kwamaphaphu. Isihluthulelo se-arboreal siyisici sokusebenza kwezihlobo kanye nabathwali bokuthutha.
Izinzwa
Izitho zokuzwa ngamahhashi zihamba ngeselula, ziqukethe izinwele ezintathu ezithambile. Kumele kube khona, kuphelile, kukhonjiswe noma kuphelile. Ukuhamba ngokweqile kwezindlebe kubonisa ukuthi isilwane sibona kahle futhi sizama ukukhokhela ukungabi nolwazi. Izindlebe ezingenangqondo zikhombisa ukuzwa kwehhashi. Isilwane esinokuthula, esinempilo sigcina izindlebe ziqonde ngqo, eziphenduka kancane ezinhlangothini.
Amehlo
Ingxenye yomqondo oyinhloko yehhashi, eyinikeza ukubuyekezwa okwesikhashana. Ngaphandle kokuguqula ikhanda, lesi silwane singabona ukuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kwayo. Kukhona izindawo ezimbili eziyimpumputhe - ngemuva kwe-croup nangaphambili kwempumu.
Uyazi? Inselo yamahhashi enzima ngempela ingenye yezingxenye ezibucayi kakhulu zomzimba walesi silwane. Igcwele imithwalo yegazi, isiphetho sezinzwa futhi ibandakanyeka enqubo yokuhambisa igazi. Izinselo zamagqabha ezinhlanzi zomhlabathi zishukumisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuhamba phambili kwegazi emzimbeni wehhashi. Hoof kick - isikhali esinzima kunazo zonke lapho ihhashi lingasebenzisa ngokumelene nomonile, futhi amanxeba angenalutho angenasiphako kunesisindo esingaphezu kwe-savvy.Ngokujwayelekile, amehlo ehhashi ayenamahlombe, amnyama, amanzi, anezikhumba ezinomile ezinomile kanye ne-eyelashes ende. Kukhona abantu abanamehlo aqhakazile. Ukuguqulwa kwesigqabha esingasebenzi kahle akuthinti umbono.
Amazinyo
Yibani emgodini womlomo. Kuphelele, abantu abadala kufanele babe namazinyo angu-40 - ama-molar angu-24, ama-canines angu-4 (kubesilisa) kanye nama-incisors angu-12. Zisulwa ngesikhathi sokuphila, emva kokuwa ngaphandle azibuyanga.
Njengoba amazinyo angakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile iminyaka yesilwane. Ibanga elivela engxenyeni eyingozi ngokweqile elibizwa ngokuthi i-molar yokuqala libizwa ngokuthi umngcele ongenamandla. Izitshalo ezifakwe emlonyeni wehhashi zibeka ingcindezi kulokhu okweqile futhi zivumele izilwane ukuba zilawulwe.
Izindebe
I-organ ehlanganyelwe enezindawo ezimbili, iyisihluthulelo se-skin-muscle. Ngaphandle zimbozwe izinwele ezincane, ngaphakathi zimbozwe nge-pink epithelium ebomvu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ihhashi lidla ukudla okushisayo noma okubandayo, kuzolahlekelwa ukuzwela kwezindebe futhi kungabalimaza ekudleni ukudla. Vumela ukudla kupholile noma kufudumele ngaphambi kokukunika isilwane.Ngezindebe zabo, amahhashi athatha izinto ezithakazelisayo, hlola ukudla kwezidumbu zangaphandle. Izindebe zabo ezingaphezulu zihambahamba, ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zikhona izigulane eziwusizo.
Iphunga namakha
Amakhaya ehhashi abukeka njengezimbobo ezinama-teardrop ezivula le ndawo eya emgodini wezintambo. Ezilwaneni ezishisayo, amacembe amancane futhi ahambahambayo, emahhashi asebenzayo aphansi - ahlangene, avuliwe ngenye ingxenye. Ukwehliswa kwe-mucous okubonakalayo okusabalalisa. Uma imfihlo ishintsha umbala wayo futhi iphunga, kusho ukuthi isilwane siyagula.
Umkhumbi
Ubude obude bomtamo buyingxenye yesithathu isikhathi eside kunenhloko. Intamo ende ende ibonisa ukuhamba kwehhashi, ijubane lokuphendula kwalo. Intamo emaphakathi noma emfushane imisipha ivela kumahhashi anamandla angaphansi kweselula kepha ehlala isikhathi eside. Ukuma kwenduku kuqondile futhi kuhambisane kancane, okuyinto akuyona inkinga. Ngaphandle kwamahhashi ukhula mane.
Uyazi? Ihhashi okuthiwa i-Bucephalus yiyona eyintandokazi yomphathi omkhulu u-Alexander Omkhulu. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, usindise impilo yomnikazi wakhe ophakeme kakhulu izikhathi ezingu-9. Lapho ihhashi eliyingqayizivele liwa empini nombusi waseNdiya uPorom, umnikazi walo wasungula idolobha elingamabonakude endaweni yokufa kweBuphaphalus, okwamanje ikhona ngaphansi kwegama leJalalpur. Abantu besikhathi sika-Alexander bachaza i-Bucephalus ngokuthi "ihhashi elimnyama elimnyama elinomuntu omuhle."
Uyabuna
Lona ukuhlangana kwentamo nomzimba. Ukubuna kungaba phezulu nokuphansi. Izilwane ezinezinyosi eziphezulu zikwazi ukuguqulwa futhi zikwazi ukusheshisa, zigqoke izingubo eziqeqeshwe phansi futhi zigxumeke, njengoba zikwazi ukuhambisa imilenze yangaphambili ehamba phambili. 
Emuva
Kulinganiswa ngokulingana kwalo. Okufanelekile, kufanele kube eqondile (hhayi ijika, hhayi i-convex), yobude obuphakathi. Ukuguqulwa ngenxa yokuhamba okude ngaphandle kokulimala, ukuzala nokusebenza emsebenzini. Umhlane omude awufanelekile ukugibela amahhashi, njengoba ingozi yokulimala isilwane iyanda.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nezinhlobo zamahhashi: isisindo (i-Vladimir esindayo, i-Frieze, i-Tinker, i-Shire) nokugibela (i-Arab, i-Akhal-Teke, i-Appaloosa, i-Orlov trotter).
Omfushane akanikeli ihhashi ngokwanele, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukukhuthazela nokuzinza. Umdwebo weCarp ubonisa ukusebenzisana okuhle kanye nezimfanelo zokusebenza. Emares, imhlane ihlala isikhathi eside kunaleyo yama-stallion.
Phuma
Lona ibanga ukusuka emuva kuya ku-croup. I-loin kufanele ibe yimisipha, ebanzi, ngoba ingumthwalo oyinhloko wokusebenza nokugqoka. Kulabo ababeletha ama-mares, izinkalo zincipha kancane.
Croup
Ingemuva komzimba kusukela maphakathi nengemuva kuya engxenyeni engenhla yomsila ingokwalabo abaqhamukayo. I-croup ithatha ingxenye yesithathu yobude bendawo, ku-racehorses lobude buzoba bufushane kancane. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu - ezijwayelekile, eziphakanyisiwe, zanciphisa. 
Ezilwaneni eziningi, i-croup iyinto evamile, emahhashi amahhashi aqeqeshwe akhiyiwe. Uma ibhekwa ngemuva kwehhashi, i-croup igqoke ngokuphelele umzimba kuze kube yilapho ikhula emahlombe ehlombe.
Kubalulekile! Izilwane ezinezintambo ezingenakukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuhambisa imithwalo esindayo - Lokhu ngokuqinisekile kuyoholela ekulimazeni ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-hip.
I-thorax nesisu
Isifuba esisodwa somzimba singcono kakhulu kumahhashi abhalisiwe, ejulile - ngokugibela nezilwane zomjaho. Isifuba esikhulu sibonisa umthamo omkhulu wamaphaphu kanye nenhliziyo enamandla.
Isisu kufanele sibe nesisindo, sithande futhi sihlangane. Isibeletho asimamukeli, sibonakala ezilwaneni ezikhungethwe ukukhuluphala. Okufanayo kusebenza nesisu esisodwa kakhulu-isibonakaliso sezinkinga zamathumbu.
Umsila
Izinwele zomsila zomsila zikhula ziphelile ekupheleni kwesidumbu, isisindo semisipha eselula. Umsila udluliselwa emncintiswaneni noma uhlanganiswe. Amahhashi amaningi asebenzayo ayinciphisa noma ayifake. Umbala womsila uvame ukuhlukana nesilwane. 
Isakhiwo se-Limb
Imilenze yangaphambili nangemuva yehhashi kufanele ibe yimiscled kahle. Imilenze yangemuva yenza i-push bese iqala ukuhamba phambili, imilenze yangaphambili isebenza ngokuhamba phambili nokuzinza. Imilenze yangaphambili imfushane kunemilenze yangemuva, futhi ihlukaniswe kakhulu. Uma ibhekwa phambili emilenzeni yangemuva yehhashi kufanele ibonakale ngesikhala phakathi kwemilenze yangaphambili.
Uyazi? Amathoni anamandla kunehhashi, akekho omunye embusweni wesilwane. Amandla abo okuphuka aphindwe kabili amandla e-granite, futhi ukuqina kwawo okunamandla kuyisikhathi esingaphezu kuka-4 kunesethusi. Kodwa-ke, ithambo elingaphansi kwe-hock ehhashi lenziwa ngaphansi kwemithwalo enkulu futhi, uma iphukile, ayikwazi ukuvuselelwa ngokugcwele.
Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sehhashi
Izitho zangaphakathi zehhashi zinomthwalo wokuphefumula, ukugaya, ukuthuthwa kwegazi ngokusebenzisa izicubu kanye nomthetho ophakeme wezinzwa.
Isimo senhliziyo
Emele imibuthano emikhulu neyinkimbinkimbi yegazi. Iqukethe inhliziyo yekamelo elilodwa, lapho abantu abadala befinyelela khona isisindo esingu-8 kg, imishanguzo, imithanjeni nama-capillari. Lolu hlelo luhlinzeka ngokunikezwa kwamathisini omzimba nge-oksijeni nezakhi, kuthatha futhi kususe i-carbon dioxide nemikhiqizo ye-metabolic. 
Kusuka enhliziyweni, igazi lihamba phakathi kwemithambo yezinzwa, lihlakazeka ezicukwaneni ngokusebenzisa ama-capillary futhi, ngemva kwezinqubo zokuxuba, libuyela enhliziyweni ngokusebenzisa imithanjeni. Izinga eliphakathi kwenhliziyo kumuntu omdala onempilo ekuphumula yizintambo ezingu-30-40, emanzini - 70-80.
Kubalulekile! Ngokususelwa kumvamisa we-pulse wehhashi ngemva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, kungenzeka ukwazi ukwahlulela ukusebenza nokuqina komzimba. Uma, emva kokugubha noma ukuthwala izinsimbi, izinga lokushayela likhuphukile ngaphezu kwezingu-120 ngomzuzu, imithwalo enjalo isilwane ayinakubekezelela.
Ukuphefumula
Uhlelo lokuphefumula lwamahhashi luqukethe impumu, i-larynx, i-trachea, namaphaphu. Emakhaleni nasendleleni yomoya, umoya emva kokuphuza umoya ungena ku-larynx. Izindlela zokuqhuba umoya ziqhuba ukuhlanza okuyinhloko, ukugcoba nokushisa umoya.
Lapha iphunga liyaziwa. I-larynx iyithuluzi lokuphefumula. Iqukethe i-cartilage, ihlanganiswe ne-membrane yamangqamu futhi iyisitho sezwi. I-trachea lapho ithubhu lokuphefumula idlula khona liphuma ku-larynx kuya enqenqemeni engenhla yenhliziyo, lapho ihlangana khona nge-bronchi ehlukene. 
Amapulazi - i-parenchymatous ihlangothi elihlanganisiwe lapho igazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo futhi linikeza i-carbon dioxide. Le nqubo ingenzeka ngenxa yesikhumba sangaphakathi sangaphaphama, equkethe i-alveoli encane kakhulu. Zigcwele ama-capillary egazi lapho izindonga zikhona khona.
Uyazi? Ihhashi elincinyane kunabo bonke emhlabeni liloluhlobo lwezinqola zamahhashi. Ngesisindo esingama-26 kg, ubude bayo buyi-43 cm kuphela. Intombazanyana uThumbelina yayibhalwe ohlwini lweGuinness Book of Records ngo-2006. Uhlala umnikazi werekhodi kuze kube yilolu suku.Umthamo wesilinganiso samaphaphu wesilwane esikhulile singama-50 amalitha. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ihhashi ngokuphefumula linye lithatha ama-5 amalitha emoyeni. Uma ihhashi liya e-gallop noma i-lynx, izinga lokuphefumula kwalo lifinyelela ku-120 ukuphefumula ngomzuzu. Amathunja asanda kuzalwa aphefumula ngokuvame ukuphefumula okungu-80 ngomzuzu.
Uhlelo lokugaya
Ihhashi liyisisu elilodwa lesisu esisodwa esisodwa sama-10-15 amalitha nesisu somzimba. Ngaphambi kokugwinya ukudla, ihhashi iyayigubha ngamazinyo e-molar futhi iwafake ngamathe amaningi. Isisindo esisondeza singena ngesisu ngokusebenzisa isisindo.
Ubekiwe emigqeni futhi kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokuxubana, kugawulwa. I-Cleavage iqala ngama-carbohydrate futhi iyaqhubeka namafutha. Amanzi amahhashi endleleni yokugaya ayadlula ngokushesha, ngakho isilwane kufanele siphuze ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye kanye namahora owodwa nesigamu emva kwalo. 
Isisindo esiswini esiswini singena emathunjini amancane, bese singena emgodini, bese singena e-cecum, okubangela ukugaya kwezintambo namaprotheni. Esiswini, isisindo sokudla sisetshenziswa cishe amahora angu-12, emathunjini amancane - kusuka ku-7 kuya ku-10. I-cecum igubha ukudla okungaphezu kosuku, nesisu esikhulu - cishe ngamabili. Ngokuvamile, ukondla kusemzimbeni wamahhashi ngamahora angaphezu kuka-100.
Kubalulekile! Amanzi angene emathunjini adonsa ijusi yesisu futhi unciphisa inqubo yokugaya ukudla. Yidla ukudla kuqala ukuvuthwa, kubangela ukuthi kwenzeke ukuqhuma kanye ne-colic. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuphuza ihhashi isigamu sehora ngaphambi nangehora nengxenye ngemuva kokudla.
Ukhathazekile
Isistimu enkulu yezinzwa zehhashi ilawula zonke izinhlobo zezenzo zezilwane, kufaka phakathi ukucabanga okungenakulinganiswa ngisho nokusetshenziswa komzimba. Ingxenye enkulu yalesi simiso ubuchopho. Iqukethe iminyango engu-10, ngayinye ephethe umsebenzi.
Ihhashi yisilwane esihleliwe kakhulu. Unememori enhle kakhulu, uthola kalula izimo ezibukeka kahle, ngokuzijabulisa ngokuzijabulisa. Umzimba wehhashi unama-skeleton, izinhlelo zesitho zangaphakathi, isikhumba nesiguli samandla. Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngezihloko, ukuhlola okunikeza umqondo wezimfanelo zokusebenza nokuzalanisa kwesilwane. 
Kuncike ekuzaleni kwehhashi, kunemibono ekubukeni komzimba wayo, ikhanda nezinyathelo. Uhlobo ngalunye luye lwaphakamisa imingcele yomthethosisekelo enikeza ukusebenza okuhle kwehhashi.
Uyazi? Amanye amazwe avumela ukusetshenziswa kwamahhashi njengeziqondiso zabantu abayizimpumputhe. Yiqiniso, ngenxa yale njongo ayisebenzisi amahhashi ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, kodwa izilwane ezincane zesintu seFalabella. Lawa mahhashi ahlolwa ngokukhethekile ukuze abone izimfanelo ezidingwa umqondisi futhi aqeqeshe kanzima ngaphambi kokuba abe umngane kubantu. Lezi zilwane zibheke ngokuphelele emkhathini, ungalahleki ezixukwini zabantu nabantu ezokuthutha. I-Falabel inempilo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, evumela ukuba isetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu kunezinja.Isistimu yezinzwa ezihlelekile kakhulu nokusebenza okuyingqayizivele kwenza lesi silwane sibe umngane othandekayo futhi owusizo.
