Isitshalo semifino

Indlela yokukhulisa utamatisi kuma hydroponics

I-Hydroponics yibuchwepheshe lapho izitshalo zikhule ngaphandle kokusebenzisa inhlabathi. Ukudla kwezimpande kwenzeka emvelweni wokufakelwa. Kungaba yomoya womswakama, amanzi aphakeme kakhulu, kanye nokuqina (ukudla, ukuthungwa kwamanzi nokunyakaza). Ngale ndlela kudinga ukuchelela njalo noma okuqhubekayo kokunisela ngokusebenzisa isisombululo sokusebenza samaminerali amaminerali, okwakhiwa ngawo okuhambisana nezidingo zesitshalo esithile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yokutshala utamatisi ngokwemvelo.

Ukothula utamatisi ngokwemvelo

Utamatisi yizitshalo ezingenakuzithoba lapho abantu abaningi bathanda futhi bengathanda ukukubona etafuleni labo unyaka wonke. Izitshalo ezizimele ziyaziwa ukuthi ziyi-tastier futhi ziphilile. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onenjongo yento enjalo, futhi nabanikazi abajabule ngeke bakwazi ukuvuna kunoma yisiphi isizini. Ngenxa ye-hydroponics, lokhu sekuyiqiniso ngempela kokubili ukushisa nokushisa indlu. Ukutshala utamatisi kwisitshalo se-hydroponic kuyindaba, nakuba kungelula, kepha kunalokho okuthakazelisayo ngisho ne-hydroponist ye-novice.

Uyazi? Igama elithi "hydroponics" lakhiwa uDkt. William F. Gerick. Uphinde uthathwa njengumsunguli we-hydroponics wamanje, owadlulisela le ndlela yokutshala izitshalo kusukela ebhokisatri kuya embonini.
Kulawo utamatisi, uhlelo lwempande lungaphandle, okuyikhwalithi enhle yale ndlela yokulima. Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhula utamatisi ngendlela ye-hydroponic eminyanisweni encane, ekhaya, kufanele usebenzise indlela eyakhiwe kuma-60s ekhulwini lokugcina. Kulo, i-substrate ehlanziwe futhi ehlanjululwayo isetshenziswe (itshe elichotshoziwe nelitshe eliyingxenye encane ye-3-8 mm, i-slag, i-moss, isihlabathi esinamafutha, ubumba obunwetshiwe, uboya obunamaminerali, ama-chips). Zigcwele izimbiza ezincane (10-12 cm), ezibuye zibekwe ezinkalweni ezinkulu ezigcwele isisombululo esikhethekile se-hydroponics (esingakulungiswa noma ngezandla zakho noma uthenge njengomkhiqizo ophelile). Ukushisa kwezinsuku zokushisa kufanele kugcinwe ngo-22 ... + 24̊ С, ngezinsuku ezinamafu - + 19 ... + 20̊ С, ebusuku - hhayi ngaphansi + 16 ... + 17̊ С. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma yanda ngo-4, futhi ukushisa kwe-substrate kugcinwa ngaso ububanzi + 18 ... + 20̊ C.

Kubalulekile! Lapho izinga lokushisa lihlaselwa ku-15̊ С, uhlelo lwempande luyalondolozwa, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukukhula nokunciphisa ukukhiqiza kwezitshalo. Futhi uma umoya uqhuma phezulu + 32̊ С, khona-ke impova iyoba yinyumba futhi izimbali ziyowela.
Ukukhula kwesimiso sezitamatisi kufanele kulawulwe. Kulokhu, izimbiza ezincane kufanele zisuswe ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma izimpande zesitshalo zingena emgodini phansi, ukunciphisa inani lesisombululo se-hydroponic system kuze kube sezingeni elingaphansi kwezinga elingama-4-8 cm.Le ndlela ithinta kakhulu ukukhula kokubili kwesigaba somhlaba nesitshalo saso. Isixazululo samanzi yisici esiyinhloko sokukhula hhayi kuphela utamatisi, kodwa futhi nezinye izitshalo, ngendlela hydroponics. Ungayithenga esitolo esikhethekile, noma uzilungiselele ngokwakho, njengoba kulula ukwenza isixazululo se-hydroponics. Ungasebenzisa imifino ehlukahlukene eyinkimbinkimbi, ubangeze njengoba kudingeka. Ubuningi be-Acidity kufanele bube phakathi kuka-6.0-6.3 pH.

Uyazi? Izinhlelo ze-hydroponic zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: "Ezisebenzayo" (kudingeka zisakazwe ngamapompo) futhi "Passive" (noma i-wick, ngaphandle komthelela womshini).

Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zokulima

Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwetamatisi ofuna ukukhula. Nakuba, ngokweqile, zonke izinhlobo zezotamatisi zifanelekile ukutshala kwe-hydroponic, kodwa uzothola isivuno esiphezulu ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezikhethekile zokushisa. Futhi batusa ukukhetha utamatisi okuqala.

  • I-Gavrosh. Awudingi i-garter ne-pasynkovanii. Ibanga liyamelana ne-fitoftor. Ubuningi bezithelo, ezinomusa omuhle, ufinyelela ku-50 g. Ukusuka ekuhlumeni kuya e-fruiting kuma-hydroponics kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-45-60.
  • Umngane F1. Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu (3.5-4 kg isitshalo ngasinye). Kuvame ukuthinteka amagciwane nezifo. Ukusuka ekuhlumeni kuya ekuhlungeni i-fruiting kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-55-70.
  • Alaska. Inesikhathi esifanayo sokuvuthwa njengezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambilini. Ukhule ngaphandle kokwenza isihlahla. Isivuno siyi-3-3.5 kg isitshalo ngasinye.
  • Bon Apeti. I-Cluster ehlukahlukene yamatamatisi. Udinga i-garter. Izithelo zinkulu - 80-100 amagremu. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - 5 kg kusuka esihlahleni. Ukuhlukahluka okungahambisani namagciwane nezifo.
Futhi i-hydroponics yasekhaya, ochwepheshe batusa utamatisi kusuka ku-Ambiance (obomvu), i-Blitz, i-Geronimo, i-Match, i-Quest, i-Tradiro (obomvu), izinhlobo ze-Trust.

Okudingayo ukukhula utamatisi ngokwemvelo

Ukuze uthole i-hydroponics, kubalulekile ukuthola izimbiza zezitshalo, okukhulunywe ngabo ekuqaleni (amancane amancane angaphakathi namaphandle angaphandle). Emathangi wangaphakathi kufanelekile ukufaka indeli yezinga lomswakama. Futhi udinga i-substrate ekhethiwe ngokuqonda kwakho. Njengoba ukuhlushwa komsoco we-tomato ye-hydroponic kulinganiswa amandla ayo okuqhuba ugesi, uzodinga inkomba yokusebenza kagesi.

Kubalulekile! Isixazululo somsoco kufanele sibe ne-1.5-3.0 mS (izingxenye zokuqhuba). Le nkomba kufanele ihlolwe nsuku zonke. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izinga lokuhlushwa lizoqala ukuwa, futhi uma lihamba ngaphezu kwemigomo evumelekile, isixazululo sishintshwa noma zonke izakhi ezidingekayo zengeziwe. Isixazululo kufanele sishintshwe 1 isikhathi emavikini angu-3-4.
Uma unesithakazelo kumbuzo wokuthi ungalungisa kanjani isixazululo sokufakwa kwe-hydroponic, ukuze le ndlela inenzuzo ekunakekeleni okunomsoco enhlabathini, bese sibona ukubaluleka kokunemba ekulungiseleleni lezo zinhlanganisela. Njalo igremu yazo zonke izimbiwa ezibalulekile kufanele zisetshenziswe. Ingxube engalungile ingalimaza ngisho nokubhubhisa izitshalo. Futhi phawula ukuthi ngezigaba ezahlukene zokukhula kwetamatisi, izindlela zokupheka izixazululo ze-hydroponic zizohluka kancane. Njengoba sibona, kubalulekile ukuthenga isisombululo esenziwe ngomumo, noma zonke izinto ezidingekayo.

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqina kokucaciswa. Utamatisi udinga ukukhanya okuningi. Ekhaya, izibani ze-fluorescent noma ze-ultraviolet zifanelekile. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, izitshalo zidinga amahora angaba ngu-20 okukhanyisa okukhulu, futhi ngesikhathi se-fruiting - kuze kube amahora angu-17. Ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezidingekayo kwi-hydroponics utamatisi futhi uhlanganisa uhlelo ngqo. Kungaba nenqubo yesendlalelo somsoco, ukunisela ukuchelela noma ukukhukhula kwezikhathi ezithile.

Uyazi? Muva nje, imboni ye-hydroponic entsha neyathakazelisayo isivele ikhula ngokushesha. Isetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwangaphakathi, umhlobiso wezingqimba kanye nophahla. Ngakho-ke izitshalo azigcini nje ngokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi zisebenza njenge-insulation, zithatha i-carbon dioxide futhi zihlanza umoya.

I-Hydroponic utamatisi ekhulayo kwezobuchwepheshe

Ukuze ukhule utamatisi ngokwemvelo ekhaya kudingeka uhambisane neminye imithetho. Futhi kufanelekile ukuqala ngokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo.

Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo

Gcwalisa imbewu kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15-20 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Bese ugeza kahle. Ama-agronomists amaningi ancoma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala esikhethekile sokutshala imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe. Ngemuva kwesonto, ama-coorks ahlelwe eceleni ukuze aqinise iziqu nezimpande. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7, utamatisi zifakelwa emagumbini akhethekile bese zikhula ngamasonto amathathu. Khona-ke ama-cubes ahlanzekile futhi asakaze epanini, ngaphambi kokuhlanzwa nge-bleach. Okulandelayo, izithombo zifakelwa ohlelweni lwe-hydroponic, zihambisana nezikhathi (ekubalweni kwe-0.9-1.2 m² ngayinye isithombo).

Izithombo zokunakekela, ukuthola izitshalo ezithandekayo zika utamatisi

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, isixazululo sibaluleke kakhulu lapho sikhula izitshalo ngendlela ye-hydroponic. Ngaphandle kwalo, bafa. Ukugxila kakhulu, kuholela ekushiseni kwezimpande, futhi kubuthakathaka - kumvuno ophansi. Ngakho-ke, ubala ngokucophelela inani lemanyolo yezimbiwa ze hydroponics of utamatisi.

Lapho izitshalo zikhula zibe ngu-20 cm, kumele ziboshwe. Lokhu kusebenza ngisho nasezinhlobonhlobo ezinqunyiwe, ngoba ngaphandle kwenhlabathi izitshalo azitholi ukusekelwa. Ukwakheka nokuvuthwa kwezithelo, utamatisi oqhakaza kufanele ube yimpova (ungasebenzisa ibhulashi). Qaphela izinga lokushisa nezimo ezikhanyayo ezichazwe ngenhla futhi ukuvunwa okucebile kunikeziwe kuwe.

Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungile kwendlela ye-hydroponic yokutshala utamatisi

Ubuchwepheshe be-Hydroponics for utamatisi okhulayo kunenani izinzuzo:

  • Ukusebenzisa isikhala, amanzi kanye nomanyolo ukusetshenziswa.
  • Amakhemikhali aguzwa ngokuphelele, kunokuba asakazeke enhlabathini.
  • Ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyashesha uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abakhule ngendlela evamile.
  • Ukulawula ukukhula okuthuthukisiwe.
  • Izindleko zomsebenzi ezincishisiwe (awuphuzi, ungalwi nokhula, ungondli).
  • Ukwenza ngcono isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo.
Ngokuqondene nokushiyeka, izindleko zokuqala zemishini nezinto ezibonakalayo ziphakeme kakhulu futhi kuzodingeka wazi kahle inkolelo ye-hydroponics.

Sikunikeze ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana ne-tomato hydroponics, indlela yokunquma ezihlukahlukene, imishini, ukuxazulula utamatisi hydroponics, ukukhula izithombo. Batshele mayelana nenzuzo kanye nokukhubazeka kwalendlela, nokuthi ngabe kuyadingeka yini ingozi, ukuzama into entsha ekutshaleni utamatisi - isinqumo singokwakho. Sifisela wena ukuvunwa okuphezulu kuphela.