Ekuqaleni, inqubo yokwanda anyanisi ayinzima futhi ayikwazi ukuba nezinkinga, kodwa akunjalo, ngoba iningi labalimi libhekene nezinkinga eziningi ezingaxazululwa ngokulandela izincomo zabachwepheshe abanolwazi. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezinkulu eziphawuliwe ukwakheka ngokweqile kwemicibisholo yesitshalo, okunciphisa amathuba oku-anyanisi amakhulu nezinsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubangela ukuvela kwezifo eziningi, ngenxa yokuthi umnsalo uvame ukufa ngokuphelele.
Ukuze kunciphise izinkinga ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqala ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokutshala futhi, okwenzeni, ukwenze ukwelashwa okusemandleni okufanele. Ukukhishwa kwe-high-quality disinfection inikeza ukuvikeleka okugcwele kwesitshalo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezifo, izifo, futhi kwenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa isivuno esamukelekayo. Lesi sihloko sizosiza wonke umuntu ohlala ehlobo ukuba afunde ukuthi angakhetha kanjani amasethi nokuthi angagcoba kanjani umnsalo ngaphambi kokutshala.
Imithetho yokutshala anyanisi, indlela yokukhetha izinto zokutshala izinga
Uma uthenga ukutshala impahla, okungukuthi, isethi ye-anyanisi, ukuze uthole ukutshala okuqhubekayo e-cottage yabo ehlobo, yiqiniso, umuntu kufanele acabangele izimfanelo nezici lapho umuntu ohlala ehlobo ngamunye ebheka njengabaluleke kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi u-anyanisi otshalwayo uthengwa endaweni ekhethekile yokudayiswa noma ngabe uvunwa ngokuzimela kusuka kusitshalo sonyaka odlule, ochwepheshe abakhethekile nabalimi abanolwazi ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo kanye nokuvuna okamukelekayo lapho bekhetha izithombo batusa ukucabangela ezinye izindlela.
- Into yokuqala ukulalela ukunambitha. Njengoba ngokuvamile kungenakwenzeka ukuhlola esitolo, udinga ukunaka izinhlobonhlobo kanye nokuhlelwa kwazo - ezinye zinambitheka ezinzima, ezinye ziyomnandi, njalo njalo.
- Ukuphikiswa kwembewu kuya kwezimo ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ama-bulb encike ekushiseni nangomswakama, ukukhula kwe-anyanisi kuphansi, kanti isivuno siphansi. Kungcono ukungathinti anyanisi anjalo ngesikhatsi isitoreji, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwamaphakethe.
- I-Sevka kufanele ibe nephunga lesici. Kungukuba kwakhe nokungabi khona kwephunga lesikhunta, ukubola nokumisa kwamanzi kubonisa isimo sembewu.
- Ngaphandle kweminye imingcele, i-anyanisi yekhwalithi ihlukaniswe ngokulinganisa, okusho ukuthi i-anyanisi isomile kahle futhi ngokwanele.
- I-bulb ngayinye yezinto ezihlwanyelwe ukutshala kufanele ibe nesakhiwo esinomsoco kanye nesibhakabhaka. Ama-husk kufanele abe mahhala ezindaweni, izifo zezifo, ukubola, ukugoba kanye nokwehliswa kwezinambuzane.
- Lapho ukhetha ukutshala impahla, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuhlukahluka kwayo, isikhathi sokuhluma, ubukhulu besitshalo futhi, uma kutholakala, izici eziqondene nokunakekelwa nokulima.
Kubalulekile! Ukutholakala kwento yokutshala kwanoma yimuphi umonakalo omncane (noma omncane) umonakalo noma ukubukeka okubuhlungu kwendoda (amabala, isikhunta, njll) kwenza kube kungakalungi ukutshala. Ukusetshenziswa komnsalo onjalo kungcono kugwenywe.
Usayizi we-bulb. Phakathi kwezinqubo ezihlukahlukene okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni kwenqubo yokutshala, kufanele nakanjani uqaphele ubukhulu bama-bulbs. Unikezwe le parameter Umnsalo uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana:- Izinhlobo eziphansi. Leli qembu lama-bul lihlukile ngobukhulu obuncane, elingavamile ngaphezu kwe-10-15 mm. Njengomthetho, izinhlobo ezinjalo ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukutshala ebusika;
- Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhu eziphakathi. Leli qembu liqukethe izitshalo ezinobukhulu bama-bulb obuphakathi kuka-15-22 mm;
- Izinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Iqembu elinesayizi elikhulu kunawo wonke le-bulb isitshalo lisuka ku-22 kuya ku-40 mm.
Uyazi? Ngokutshala esifundeni sethu, kungcono kakhulu ukukhetha izinhlobo eziseningizimu, ezithisa ukushisa ezisezingeni eliphakathi. Isici sabo yisikhathi esifushane sokuphumula futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuthola ngokushesha isivuno esihle.
Ukulungiselela anyanisi ukutshala
Ngokungangabazeki, kungenzeka ukubiza ukulungiselela kwangaphambili umnsalo wokutshala enye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezilungiselela iphesenti lokuhluma kwembewu nokukhiqiza. Kuze kube manje, kunezindlela eziningi nezindlela zokulungiselela okunjalo, kodwa ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi, ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, okulula futhi okuphumelelayo kungabizwa ngokuthi kusetshenzwa ukufudumala futhi kufakwe izixazululo ezihlukahlukene. Ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo, kwanele ukwazi indlela yokulungisa amaqoqo anyanisi okutshala entwasahlobo, okungukuthi, ukufudumala nokucwilisa kanjani emnseni ngaphambi kokutshala.
Kubalulekile! Ukuntuleka kokulungiswa kwangaphambili kuyathinta umkhiqizo kanye nosayizi wamakhanda anyanisi. Yiqiniso, ukufudumala u-anyanisi nokuwafaka akusibophezelo, kodwa lolu hlobo lokulungiselela oluqinisekisa ukungabi khona kwemicibisholo engadingekile nokuthola umnsalo omkhulu. Sincoma ngokuqinile ukuqhuba ukuqeqeshwa kokuqala!
Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela indaba yokutshala, ukususa anyanisi abonakalisiwe nabancane. Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala, ukusheshisa ukuhluma, kutuswa ukuba uhlanza i-husk. Izinyathelo zokushisa nokucubungula anyanisi esixazululweni zenziwa ngokulandelana, njengoba kunconywa ngezansi. Yini u-anyanisi osikiwe ngaphambi kokutshala - Umhlali ngamunye ehlobo unquma ngokuzimela, ngokusekelwe kokuthandayo.Ukushisa anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala
Ukufudumala u-anyanisi kuyimfihlo yabahlali behlobo, okuyinto okwesikhathi eside kwasala imfihlakalo kuya uninitiated. Ngenxa yomkhiqizo omkhulu, indlela efudumalayo yatholwa abaningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngokushesha yazuza ukuthandwa okukhulu. Sekuvele kunzima ukucabanga ubuchwepheshe obufanele bokutshala u-anyanisi ngaphandle kokushisa. Ezimweni lapho ukuthengwa kwenkathi kwenkathi kwenziwa khona futhi isitoreji sihlelwe ekushiseni okufanele (18-23 ° C), akudingekile ukwengeza u-anyanisi. Kwezinye izimo, uma, isibonelo, uma i-sevok ithengwa kwisitolo esikhethekile noma emakethe, kunconywa kakhulu ukuba ushise ama-anyanisi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili. Kungcono ukubeka itanki lembewu eduze namadivayisi okushisa, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lifinyelela ku-35-40 ° C.
Ukugxila kokutshala izinto ku-saline
Ukuze ukwandise ngokushesha futhi ukwandise ukuhluma kokutshala impahla nokumelana nemiphumela yezifo, izinambuzane nezimo ezinzima, izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo zincoma ukuthi u-anyanisi angaphambi kokucwilisa ngaphambi kokutshala ngamanzi usawoti.
Ukucubungula okunjalo cishe kudingeke. futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokufika endaweni evulekile (usuku noma usuku lokufika). Ukulungisa isisombululo kufanele kube ngu-20-30 g kasawoti ehlanjululwe ngamalitha amabili amanzi afudumele afudumele. Izinto zokutshala zifakwe kwisisombululo esilandelayo amahora angu-3-4, ngemva kwalokho sisusiwe futhi sibheke ngobumnene emgqeni owodwa kwendwangu noma iphepha.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukufaka u-anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala isisombululo saline kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa kokubili idwala elivamile nelwandle usawoti, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.
Kukhona enye indlela yokulungiselela okufanayo kokutshala - Ukucubungula i-anyanisi sevka ngaphambi kokutshala i-soda. Njengokwesimo saline, ukulungiselela kwenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala - i-anyanisi ifakwe kwisisombululo esincane esincane se-soda (1.5 tl. Ngalinye ilitha lamanzi) amahora angu-1-2 futhi omisiwe, ngemva kwalokho angabe esetshenziselwa noma ashintshwe esakhiweni esilungisiwe.
Gcoba u-anyanisi nge-potassium permanganate
Ukucubungula anyanisi ne-potassium permanganate ngaphambi kokutshala entwasahlobo - Inqubo ephoqelekile yokungafaki ukuhlanzwa kwemithi yokutshala, eqinisekisa kusengaphambili ukuvikelwa kwesitshalo ngezimo eziyingozi, izifo nezinambuzane.
Naphezu kokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwamathuluzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuphatha izithombo nezithombo ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, iningi lezakhamuzi zasehlobo liyakuncoma ukuthambisa u-anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala i-potassium permanganate. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba indlela enjalo ilula kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu, kanti ukusebenza kwayo akusilo phansi kunezinhlayiya ezibizayo. Noma kunjalo, umphumela unikezwa kuphela ngezenzo ezifanele, yingakho umuntu kufanele azi futhi aqonde indlela yokuncibilikisa anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala i-potassium permanganate.
Ukulungisa isisombululo, ama-gramu angu-40 we-potassium permanganate kufanele ahlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi afudumele. Izithombo ze-anyanisi, ezibekwe ngaphambilini emasitokisini (ukuze kube lula ukukhipha okulandelayo), zijatshuliswa ekubunjweni okubangelwa amahora angu-2.5-3. Kuyoba okwanele ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kwesitshalo kusuka ezifweni ezihlukahlukene zonyaka kanye nezinambuzane.
Uyazi? Ngokuhambisana nokwelashwa kokutshala impahla e-potassium permanganate, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwafakazelwa yi-disinfection yayo ethusi sulfate noma i-Fitosporin. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isilinganiso esifanayo sinconywa, okungukuthi, ama-30-40 amagremu ama-10 amalitha amanzi.
Izici zokulima ngaphambi kokutshala anyanisi
Ukuphumelela kokuhluma nokuvunwa kwe-anyanisi etshalwe kunqunywe ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke ukulungiselela kufanele kuqaphele zonke izici kanye nezici. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okumele ukhethe ama-anyanisi amasethi ngaphambi kokutshala, kodwa nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani indawo efanele futhi wenze ukulungiselela umhlabathi kuqala.
Kubalulekile! Ukwelashwa kuqala ngaphandle kokulungiselela inhlabathi akusizi ngalutho futhi, njengoba umthetho, kuthinta kancane isivuno. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka ngempela!Ukutshala u-anyanisi kuncike ngokweqile ngobuningi bokukhanya kwemvelo, yingakho kungcono ukukhetha indawo evulekile yokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umswakama ngokweqile uyingozi ku-anyanisi, ngakho-ke akufanele kube khona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba endaweni yokufika, noma kufanele ajulile. Ama-anyanisi akhula kahle emhlabathini, lapho ekhulile khona amazambane, iklabishi noma utamatisi Lezi zitshalo zikhulula umhlabathi futhi ziwugcwalise ngamaminerali, okubaluleke kakhulu ekubambeni okutsha.
Uyazi? Ukukhetha imibhede yokuhlala ye-anyanisi enhle kungaba nethonya elihle ekuhlumeni nasekuvuneni kwayo. Ngakho-ke, izaqathe ezisondela eduze nesitshalo ziphuma emiphakathini ye-phytoncides evikela ngokuqondile ukulwa nokuhlasela kwe-anyanisi.
Kungcono ukuqala ukulungiselela inhlabathi kusengaphambili, ngisho nangokuwa. Ekwindla, isayithi kufanele liguqulwe futhi likhule ngamanyolo amaningi. Uma kunokwenzeka, yenze i-peat noma isihlabathi. Endabeni yokwanda kwe-acidity yenhlabathi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhipha isilonda ukuze udale izimo ezikhulayo kakhulu.Uma u-anyanisi ekulungiswa ukutshala entwasahlobo, khona-ke inhlabathi ayiketshezi ngalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-surplus of trace elements ivuselela ukukhula kwezitshalo - Inhloko ye-ampu ayinayo isikhathi sokukhula ibe ngamasayizi amakhulu futhi iqala ngokushesha izimpaphe. Entwasahlobo, kwanele ukukhulula umbhede wensimu olungiselelwe ngaphambilini (ukumbumba nokukhulelwa ekwindla), ukubhubhisa ukwakhiwa okwakhiwa ngesikhathi sebusika. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaqhubeka nokufika kwezinto zokutshala.
Ama-plant anesifiso nge-interval of 8-10 cm, bawalele ngezwe elihlanzekile, elihlanjululwe, ungqimba lwalo olungadluli u-2-3 cm. Ekuphetheni, kubalulekile ukuphuza umbhede ngobuningi. Ukunakekelwa okunye okunciphisa kuncishiswe ukuchelela njalo, ukukhishwa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi somhlabathi nokususwa kokhula.
Ukucubungula anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala nge-potassium permanganate nosawoti kwenza kwenzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe isivuno esihle kusengaphambili. Ukulandela izincomo ezilula zokulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kungenye yezimfihlo eziyinhloko zabalimi abanolwazi, okubanika inzuzo ngaphezu kwabanye abalimi. Njengoba sebezitholile le ndlela, wonke umhlali wehlobo uzokwazi ukutshala izitshalo ezizoba yisizathu sokuziqhenya.
