I-peperomy ehlala iluhlaza yomndeni we-pepper inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1000. Sizobukeka sihle njengesitshalo sokuma sodwa nasesimweni sezimbali. Lokhu kuheha abalimi abaningi. Lokhu kukhiqizwa kwendlu kuyinto engathandeki, kepha ukuthola izimbali ezigcwele unyaka wonke kubalulekile ukwazi ama-nuances amakhulu wokunakekelwa, izindlela zokuzala, izifo ezingabakhona, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-peperomia.
I-Peperomia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Isitshalo kulula ukufuya. Nikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya ngisho nakubaqalayo. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-peperomia zidinga izimo ezifanayo zokunisela, ukugqoka phezulu, ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa. Ukuze zikhuphuke ngokushesha futhi zande, kubalulekile ukwazi izisekelo zokudluliselwa, nokuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezingabathinta uma zenziwa ngendlela engafanele.
Imbali yePeperomia
Izimbali peperomia
Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Noma ngokulungiswa okufanele, ukuhlinzeka ngokuphuza okuningi kungaqhakaza okwesibili ekwindla sekwephuzile.
Ukuqhakaza izimbali akuyona into ethile, ngoba inesizotha. Izimbali ezincane ngaphandle kwe-perianth ziyavela, ziqoqana kuma-inflorescence anjenge-cob noma spikelet. Ama-Peduncle adinga ukusikwa, ngoba aholela ekuwohlokeni kwesitshalo futhi angabi nokuhlobisa. Kwesinye isikhathi kufanelekile ukuzicwilisa esigabeni se-nucleation, ukuze i-peperomia ingawahli amaqabunga ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Isitshalo siqhakaza kanjani
Peperomia enkulu
Izinhlobo ze-Ampel zikhula njengesihlahla esinotshani noma isihlahla somhlabathi esinamaqabunga aqinile ezintini. IPeperomia ingakhula ezindaweni ezinodoti obukhulu be-moss.
Izinhlobo ngazinye zikhula endaweni yemvelo njengama-epiphytes:
- Ikhanda. Amaqabunga aluhlaza, acwebezelayo, kuma-petioles amafushane. Iziqu zinhlamvu ezinde. Lesi isihlahla somhlobiso esibalulekile ngentuthuko esheshayo.
- I-Rotundifolia. Ikhula njenge-epiphyte. Amaqabunga awugqinsi, ayindilinga, anomsoco. Amahlumela ahlutshiwe ansundu noma ama-burgundy. I-Petioles imfushane.
- Ishaye ikhwela. Ihlukahluka amahlumela aminyene anamandla alengiswe ezimbizeni. Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali, ama-spikelets amancane aluhlaza nezimbali ezincane akhiwa eziqongweni zazo. Amacembe ayindilinga angenamsoco aqoqiwe ku-whorls. Amapulangwe angaphansi angaphansi abomvu obomvu.
- I-Angulata isihlahla sasemanzini esidalwa njalo ngonyaka, esifana ne-tradescantia. Amahlumela amancanyana, ansundu okhanyayo onsundu. Amacembe aluhlaza omnyama, i-oblong-lanceolate noma enemithambo ye-arched. Esiqongweni se amahlumela ngesikhathi sezimbali eziqhakaza izimbali ezinama-spikelets aluhlaza ayenziwa.
Ukubuka kwe-Ampelic kwe-peperomia
I-Microclimate
Imbali ye-Peperomia ayinqabile ku-Microclimate futhi ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula esikhethekile. Yize ikhetha ukukhula ezindaweni ezinelanga, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ebusika ukuhlinzeka ngamalambu akhanyayo ngamalambu we-fluorescent. Into esemqoka ukuthi imisebe yelanga eliqondile ayiweli emithini.
Ukushisa kanye nomswakama
Lesi sitshalo sishisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela umbuso wokushisa ukuze kukhule ukhululekile egumbini. Izinga lokushisa elilungile unyaka wonke lingama-25 ° C. Ikholomu akufanele ivunyelwe ukwehla ngaphansi kuka-16 ° C ukuze kugwenywe ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Kubalulekile! I-Peperomia yesaba okusalungiswa futhi empeleni ayihambelani nokukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo sezulu saseRussia emoyeni ovulekile. Akufanele kukhishwe ngaphandle ehlobo. Yize kubalulekile ukungena egumbini, ukususa imbali okwesikhashana, ngokwesibonelo, ebhokisini, kuyimboza ngefilimu.
Umswakama we-peperomia awunandaba. Izokhula kahle ezindlini eziwugwadule futhi ezinamahlathi ashisayo ashisayo. Akunasidingo sokufafaza izihlahla, ngoba mancane amathuba wokuthi amanzi azothelwa futhi avele asuke emaqabunga acwebezelayo. Kwanele ukuzesula ngesipanji esimanzi, ususe izinhlayiya zothuli.
Ukukhanyisa
Ezitshalweni ezinamaqabunga anemibala eqinile, kungcono ukukhetha isithunzi esikhanyayo. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezixubile zidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Kungcono ukukhulisa i-peperomia emafasiteleni okungena empumalanga, entshonalanga. Kepha akufanele ukubeke emafasiteleni aseningizimu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuzowalimaza amaqabunga, kuze kufinyelele ekushwabeni nasekushisweni.
Isheduli yokunisela kanye nohlelo lomanyolo
Esikhathini esifudumele, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kuyadingeka ukuhambisa ngamanzi athambile ahlala emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Ekwindla nasebusika, endaweni yokushisa yegumbi engu-18 ° C, imvamisa yokunisela kufanele incishiswe.
Nakani! Akwamukeleki ukuthi unisele isitshalo ngamanzi abandayo avela empompini, ngaphandle kwalokho singangenwa yizifo zokukhunta. Kungcono ukwenza ukuchelela ngokulingana njengoba umhlabathi womile. Into esemqoka ukungayigcini ngokweqile, ngoba uhlelo lwempande luzoqala ukubola lapho lugxotshwa amanzi. Kungcono ukuthatha amanzi athambile, uthephe amanzi ngemuva kokuxazulula izinsuku ezimbili.
Isakhiwo somuzi sinqumile, ngakho-ke noma imaphi amalungiselelo wesitolo ayinkimbinkimbi afanele ukugqoka. Ungafaka umanyolo wamaminerali, ukondla izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ekwindla. Ebusika, kanye emavikini amane kwanele. Ukondla isitshalo ekuphumuleni kuyinto engathandeki. Kunconywa futhi kunconyelwa ukwakhiwa okungcono kweziqu zezimbali.
I-Peperomia Primer
Inhlabathi ekahle iyakhanya, inomoya, igcwele ikwazi ukuhambisa amanzi ngendlela emangalisayo. Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi kuyizingxenye ezi-2 zenhlabathi yamaqabunga, humus nesihlabathi (1 ingxenye ngayinye). Amanzi granules afakiwe angangezwa.
I-asidi enkulu yenhlabathi ingu-5.5 kuya ku-6.5 pH.
Nakani! Isitshalo asihlali kahle futhi sinezimpande emhlabathini osindayo. Ukukhula okujwayelekile, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe, iqoqwe kusuka ku-humus, peat, sand. Kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi ekhethekile yezinhlobo ze-pepper noma i-begonias. Ungenza futhi le ngxube ngokwakho: inhlabathi eshidi (izingxenye ezi-2), isihlabathi, i-peat, i-humus (1 ingxenye ngayinye) noma ishidi le-peat umhlaba nesihlabathi, lithathwe ngamanani alinganayo. Into esemqoka ukuthi umoya-mpilo uvame ukuhlinzekwa ohlelweni lwezimpande. Kuze kube manje, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwezimbiza, okuvikela izimpande kusuka kumswakama omningi, ukuvela kwezifo zokukhunta.
I-Peperomia: ukuzala kabusha
Imbali ye-peperomia isakazeka kanjani:
- Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ngoMashi-Ephreli.
- Izicucu kusetshenziswa izinqubo zesitimu noma zepiki. I-substrate ithathwa ehlanganisa i-humus, isihlabathi, i-peat ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Ukuze kube nokubekwa kwezimpawu, ukusikwa okunama-node angama-1-3 kuyakhethwa. Ngemuva kokutshala engxenyeni engaphansi, amabhodwe ambozwe ngengilazi, abekwe endaweni efudumele yokufaka umila emavikini ama-4.
- Eshidi. Kukhethwe amapuleti amaqabunga aqinile ane-petiole encane. Ukusheshisa inqubo, iqabunga lingafakwa ku-greenhouse ukunikeza izimpande ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20-30.
- Ngesihlahla. Kukhethwe isihlahla esidala esikhulayo bese entwasahlobo sehlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-2,5. Ngomusa, ngaphandle kokulimaza uhlelo lwezimpande, thatha ibhodwe elincane, ubeke ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi. Dlulisa usebenzisa ingxube yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngesihlabathi, i-peat noma i-sphagnum nge-moss.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukukhetha isitsha esibanzi sokufakelwa, futhi imbiza ngayinye elandelayo kufanele ibe nkulu izikhathi eziphindwe ka-1.5 kunaleyo eyedlule. Akudingekile ukuthi imbali ichithe amandla ekwakheni uhlelo lwempande futhi inciphise ukuhlobisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kweqabunga le-peperomia
Le ndlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokuzala. Ifanele i-bush kanye ne-peperomia eqondile. Kukhethwe iqabunga eliphilile, alilimele hhayi elibuhlungu. Ipuleti leshidi lisikiwe ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali, i-petiole ishiywe endaweni ephansi ubude be-3-4 cm. Okulandelayo, ishidi libekwa emanzini amile, abekwe endaweni efudumele. Amanzi athathelwa indawo kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Lapho isiqu sinezimpande, singadluliselwa emhlabathini kusuka ku-peat, perlite nesihlabathi.
Ukusakazwa kwembali ngeqabunga
Ukunakekelwa kuqukethe ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, airhouse abamba ukushisa. Izingane zizovela ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2. Njengoba amaqabunga amabili ekhula, ungadlulisela emabhodweni waphakade kuze kube ngu-5 cm ububanzi.
Ukusakazeka kwe-peperomia ngokusika
Ukuthola ukusikeka, kufanelekile ukucindezela phezulu kwehlumela ngezindawo ezingama-1-3. Bese ume emanzini izinsuku eziningana ukuze inikeze izimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho tshala emhlabathini, uhlinzeke ngezimo zokugcina ukushisa.
Lapho isiqu sinezimpande, kufanelekile ukusifaka engilazini enomhlaba, sikubeke endaweni efudumele endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Ukushisa komoya kufanele kube ngu-25 ° C. Ngakho-ke bekezelela inyanga eyi-1, ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile kuze kube yilapho imbewu ikhula ngosayizi, futhi uhlelo lwezimpande lukulungele ukuthululela ebhodweni.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-peperomia
Uma ungagcini umswakama ophelele womoya, khona-ke izitshalo ziqala ukuwa emacembe noma ziphenduke mnyama ngokuba nomswakama owedlulele, omanzi onganele ezimbizeni.
Amahlamvu angabuna ngokuntuleka kokukhanya noma ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ngakho-ke ukukhanya okuphansi kuholela ekulahlekelweni kombala wabo okhanyayo okhanyayo.
Isifo samaqabunga esiyinhloko ukugqwala. Ama-thrips, izinambuzane ezikala, ama-mealybugs, izibungu zesicabucabu nazo zingathinta uma amapuleti eqala ukubuna futhi alahlekelwe yi-turgor. Ama-nematode wegolide ngokuvamile ahlala ezimpandeni zesitshalo, abeka amaqanda aphuzi ayindilinga. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi izihlahla ezinjalo zingasindiswa, ngakho-ke kuwukuhlakanipha ukubhubhisa kanye nembiza.
Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, imvamisa ngembali kunezinkinga. Ukuze amaqabunga angawa, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuchelela ngendlela yesikhathi, ukuze ungavumeli ukugcinwa egumbini lokushisa ngokweqile.
Iziqongo zamaqabunga ziphenduka nsundu ngenxa yezinhlaka noma i-hypothermia. Izimbiza kufanele zime endaweni efudumele, futhi ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngamanzi axazululiwe.
Nakani! Amahlumela namaqabunga abolile, okusho ukuthi umswakama umile embizeni, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe. Uma isimo singashintshi, khona-ke kufanelekile ukususa isihlahla ebhodweni, uhlole impande, futhi ususe izindawo ezibolile.
Amacembe amancanyana akhula akhubazekile
Amaqabunga akhula ecekeceke futhi ancibilike ngenxa yokuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ukushisa emapuletini kungenzeka uma ubambe imbali ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu yewindows.
Kungani amahlamvu ephenduka aphuzi
I-Foliage iphenduka iphuzi, bese iwa ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili:
- Ukunisela okunganele;
- ukuboniswa okushisa aphansi.
Mhlawumbe izwe lithelwe ngokweqile ebhodweni, noma igumbi lihle.
Amacembe aphuzi wesitshalo
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zidingeka kakhulu eRussia:
I-Peperomia Rosso
Shrub, umphumela womsebenzi wabafuyi bezesayensi. Ikhula ibe ngu-20-24 cm ukuphakama. Amahlamvu ayizinqwaba ezihlanganiswe esiqwini esikhulu. Ingxenye engenhla iluhlaza ogcwele ukukhanya, ibhekene nemisebe yelanga, engezansi ibomvu. Ukunakekelwa ekhaya kwePeperomia Rosso akunzima ikakhulukazi.
I-Peperomia Caperata (Caperata)
Isitshalo esihlala sikhona esihlala sihlala njalo. Amaqabunga e-Peperomia (peperomia) eCaperata enziwe ngenhliziyo afinyelela ku-4 cm ubude, iziqu zinombala obomvu noma oluhlaza okotshani. Amapuleti enziwe ngogazi, icezu elilodwa elinama-veins ajulile wombala we-burgundy. Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali, ama-spikelets acwebile anezimbali ezincane avela.
Ukubukeka kwe-peperomia ye-caperate
I-Peperomia Prostrata (i-Peperomia Prostrata)
Isitshalo sokuxuba esincane esizobukeka sangempela emabhodweni onesilinganiso esingamasentimitha ayi-5. Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlobisa. Prefers umswakama olinganiselayo, kodwa izithombe eziningi ngokwanele. Kubhekiselwa kusiko eliqumayo. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-100 cm, kepha squat impela, ekhuphuka isitshalo esikhulu.
Peperomia chisel
Isitshalo esihlwabusayo sePerekiselistny esinamaqabunga ahlanganiswe ngokuqinile onobukhulu obukhulu nobukhulu. Ngokubukeka, amaqabunga amaqabunga abukeka njengophindwe kabili. Ukukhanya kwelanga kufinyelela kalula emakhoneni amaqabunga ngenxa yokusika okungenhla okubonakala obala. Ehlobo, ama-peduncle amafushane nama-inflorescence avela ngendlela yama-panicles ngezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani eziqongweni zamahlumela.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani imbali ye-chisel?
I-Peperomia monolithic
Ukubuka kwe-Ampelic kwe-peperomia enyakazayo - imbali engaphakathi. Kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle we-veranda, ukuvula iwindi. Ikhula ngamahlamvu ayindilinga we-hue okhanyayo oluhlaza, ihlala ngokuqinile kuma-petioles amafushane. Amnyama abomvu ancipha aze afike ku-2 cm ubude. Round-peperomia izobukeka njengamabhola e-openwork futhi ajabulise iso. I-Monolithic peperomia ayinayo isikhathi sokuphumula, ngenxa yalokho, ijabulisa ngobuhle bayo unyaka wonke.
Bushy Peperomia
Ikhula ibe yizicucu kuze kufike ku-15 cm ukuphakama. Yakhiwe kusuka emaqabungeni ngesigqoko esiminyene. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela ama-inflorescence avela kuma-spikelets.
I-Peperomia Graveolens (ama-Peperomia tombolens)
Okugqamile okwenziwe ngaphandle kwamaqabunga amaqabunga amaningi amahle anamaqabunga amahle. Ingaphezulu elingenhla liluhlaza olukhanyayo, iruby ephansi noma i-burgundy. Amaqabunga akhula, aqonde ngqo kufushane. Kwesinye isikhathi izimbali zasendlini ficus peperomia zikhula zifana namakhorali.
Ngemininingwane! Uma umboza inhlabathi ebhodweni ngamatshe amatshe bese utshala imbali engafiphele, ungafinyelela umphumela ongafani kanye nokufana okuhle ngempilo yasolwandle.
I-Variegate Peperomia
Le mbali ngokwemvelo itholakala namahlamvu abomvu, ama-beige, aluhlaza okotshani, amaqabunga esiliva. Uhlobo lwe-peperomia ekhanyayo enamahlamvu wangempela ahlukahlukene anemibala enemibala emithathu. Isimbali esithandekayo esinombala oluhlaza okotshani bese sishiya umngcele obomvu ukunikeza ukugqama okuthe xaxa. Isitshalo sangemuva kwendlu sincane, ngakho-ke kufaneleka kunoma yikuphi okungaphakathi kwasekhaya noma ukudala amalungiselelo embali ahlukene.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene
I-peperomia yegumbi (ithusi, i-mosagate, i-Ferreira, i-bushy, i-monolithic, i-Happy) ingaba nemibala eminingi kanye namahlamvu amaqabunga. Uma inakekelwa kahle, izoba yintandokazi, izothatha indawo yayo ekuqoqweni kwezimbali zasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sinenzuzo, sidedela isimo esishubile futhi sibulala amagciwane emoyeni wasendlini. Lokhu kubalulekile emakamelweni lapho kuhlala khona izingane ezigulayo.
