I-Cyclamen

I-Cyclamen(I-Cyclamen) kubhekiselwa kwizitshalo ze-herbaceous herbaceousokuyinto, ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, hibernate. Abatshali bezimbali abangenalwazi babona ukuqothuka kwamaqabunga njengokufa bese belahla isitshalo "sokulala".

Umsuka. Endle kukhula ezindaweni zaseningizimu yeYurophu, iMedithera kanye ne-Asia Minor. Ikhetha izindawo nezindawo ezihamba phansi ngaphansi kwezulu enesimo sezulu esipholile, lapho amazinga okushisa ebusika angawa ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-10. Ungowomndeni wama-primroses (lat. Primulaceae), kwi-subfamily mirsinovye (lat. Myrsinaceae).

Ubukhulu. Ukuphakama kweCyclamen akudluli ku-30 ​​cm, izitshalo ezincane eziqhakaza izimbali kusuka ku-10 cm. ubukhulu bamaqabunga, izimbali kanye nenani lesihlahla kuncike eminyakeni yobudala kanye nezinhlobonhlobo.

Isikhathi sokuphila nokukhula. I-cyclamen bulb ingeyokuphila isikhathi eside futhi ikhula ibe yiminyaka engama-30. Lapho lesi sitshalo sidala, umqhele siba mkhulu, kepha ubukhulu bezimbali buba buncane futhi isibalo sazo sikhulu.

Ngokuqala kobusika, lesi sitshalo siba yisipho esithandwayo. Yisikhathi sokubanda lapho athokozela abatshali bezimbali ngezimbali zakhe ezinhle. Amacembe angajwayelekile nezimbali zalesi sitshalo zijabulisa abathandi bezimbali abesilisa abahle.

Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze

Kusukela ohlangothini lwe-esoteric, i-cyclamen inomphumela omuhle ebudlelwaneni bemindeni. Ukungaboni ngaso linye emndenini phakathi kwezizukulwane kuzoshabalala futhi ukuthula nokuqonda kubuse endlini.

• Umphumela onenzuzo kumuntu onakekela i-cyclamen. Ikuvumela ukuthi ulahle ukushintshwa kwemizwelo engazelelwe futhi wenze ukulala kube ngokwejwayelekile.
• Ngokuhlela lesi sitshalo egumbini lokulala, lo mbhangqwana uzoqinisa izibopho zazo futhi ukwazi ukuba nengane.
• I-aura yesitshalo ivikela ethonyeni labantu ababi nomona wabo.
• Kubantu abahlala endlini lapho kune-cyclamen, inhlanhla nokuphefumulelwa kancane kancane, banxanela impumelelo entsha nokuzithuthukisa.
• Kubantu abanenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukucindezelwa, ukudangala nokukhathazeka, lesi sitshalo sinika ukuthula nokuzola okuhle.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Ukunakekela i-cyclamen ekhaya (ngokuningiliziwe)

Ekhaya, i-cyclamen idinga izimo ezikhethekile ezisondele emvelweni. Ukudala izimo ezinjalo efulethini ubunzima obukhulu bokuzala nokugcina lezi zitshalo ezinhle.

Ukushisa

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-cyclamen “iyavuka” ekuqaleni kwesizini ebandayo. Ukushisa okuthandekayo kokuqala kokukhula - 10-15⁰С. Indawo efanelekayo yezimbali ingaba iwindi elibandayo, ingadi yasebusika noma i-balcony efudumele. Ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali akufanele kukhuphuke ngaphezu kwama-20 ° C. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sitshalo izolahla wonke amaqabunga namaqabunga, icwathile. Ukuguquguquka okubukhali ekushiseni nasekusungulweni kuyabulala i-tuber; kuyabuna futhi kuthintwe isikhunta.

Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, i-cyclamen ingafakwa kuvulandi noma ngaphandle (inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kwe-10 ° C futhi lingakhuphuki ngaphezu kuka-24 ° C).

Ukushisa okuphansi kuholela ekufeni kwe-tuber.

Umswakama womoya

Isitshalo sidinga umswakama ophezulu. Fafaza nsuku zonke amaqabunga, ngaphandle kokuthola amanzi ku-tuber. Ngokuqala kwamahlumela nokuqhakaza, ukufafazwa kuyekiwe. Ingress yamanzi phezu kwabo iholela ekuwohlokeni.

Kufafazwe kuphela ngamanzi athambile ekushiseni kwegumbi. Amanzi anzima akha i-crust yamaminerali, ephazamisa i-photosynthesis.

Ukwandisa umswakama wemvelo kuzosiza izitsha ezinamabhola e-hydrogel, okuzokhipha umswakama emoyeni kancane kancane. I-moss palletized nayo izoyixazulula le nkinga.

Uma kunebhethri, lisimboze ngendwangu emanzi. Lokhu kuzovikela imbali ekushiseni futhi kufudumise umoya kahle.

Isibani

I-cyclamen yasekhaya idinga amahora angama-10 wokukhanya okukhanyayo ngaphandle kwemisebe eqondile. Uma imisebe ishaya iwindi ngembali, khona-ke kufanele ibe nomthunzi. Isibonelo, beka isihlahla sesinye isitshalo phakathi kwewindi ne-cyclamen noma usimboze ngesikrini ngezinto zokwenziwa ngcono. Amafasitela asentshonalanga nasempumalanga alungele ukubekelwa izitshalo. Iwindi laseningizimu lingashintshelwa kokuqukethwe kwalo, livikeleke elangeni futhi ligcine izinga lokushisa elihle.

Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, amaqabunga nezimbali ziyaphenduka zimile, ziyelula, ukukhula kuyayeka.

Ngesikhathi sokungabibikho, imbiza ene-tuber “yokulala” isuswa iye endaweni epholile enethunzi elimnyama. Isibonelo, kufasitela elisenyakatho.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kwenziwa kuphela epanini, njengoba umswakama ku-tuber uholela ezifweni zawo. Ihora ngemuva kokunisela, amanzi asele avela epanini ayakhanywa.

Amanzi ahlelwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni alungele ukuchelela. Uma kushisa, ingaphezulu lenhlabathi alikwazi ukugcwala umswakama, ngakho abalimi abanolwazi baphendukela ekuniseleni ngokucophelela emaphethelweni ebhodwe.

Amaqabunga aphuzi ngokuvamile abonisa ukugcotshwa kwamanzi. Imvamisa, lokhu kubonakala ngokuhlukile futhi kuholela ekufeni kwimbali.

Lapho ugcinwa egumbini elipholile, unisela kanye ngesonto. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphezu kuka-17 ° C, ukoma kwenhlabathi kubhekwe ngokulinganisa isisindo sembiza.

Isimo sezulu esishisayo, nisela kathathu ngesonto.

Izimbali

Ukuqhakaza kwe-cyclamen ekhaya kwenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Ikhuthaza ukuqhakaza ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-15 ° C.

Isitshalo, ngokuya ngemibandela yokunakekelwa, ukuqhakaza kakhulu kusukela maphakathi ekwindla kuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokuphumula siqala.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ngemuva kwezimbali eziningi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuthula. Isibonakaliso sokulungela imbali siphuzi ngamaqabunga nokungabikho kwamahlamvu amasha. Izimbambo zezingcezu ezisontekile zisuswa ngaphandle kwezinsalela. Uma engasuswanga, kepha asikiwe, khona-ke izinsalela zezisiki zibolile nge-tuber.

Ukunisela kuyancishiswa kancane kancane. Isikhathi sokuphumula sithatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu. Ukuqala kwayo kuvuselelwa ngumkhuhlane.

Inhlabathi

Isimbali seCyclamen sidinga amanzi nomhlaba ongaphefumulelwa. Izingxube ezikhethekile zama-cyclamens nama-violets afanelekile. Ukuze uthuthukise ubuhlakani engeza isihlabathi somfula esibunjiwe.

Ukulungiselela ngokuzimele i-substrate, udinga ukuxuba ama-humus amahlathi ne-peat nesihlabathi ngokulingana okulinganayo.

Kwisitjalo se-tuber, ukuphuma kwamanzi okuhle kuyadingeka, ngakho-ke u-1/4 wembiza ugcwaliswa nge-drainage. Sebenzisa amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma isihlabathi esihlanganayo.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuvuka, i-cyclamen idinga umsoco owengeziwe. Njengomanyolo, imikhiqizo engamanzi engeyona-chlorine enokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi kufanelekile. I-nitrogen ivusa ukukhula okuthe xaxa kokuluhlaza, izimbali zizoba nezincane.

Kusetshenziswa umquba ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa ama-buds, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyamiswa.

Ukufakelwa

I-Cyclamen itshalwa njalo emva kweminyaka emibili ngokuqala kokukhula. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, bayalikhipha ebhodweni bese benciphisela i-substrate endala kancane. Cishe phakathi kwe-tuber isigaxa sobumba asithintwanga.

Imbiza ye-cyclamen kumele ihambisane nemithetho emibili:

• ukuba mfushane futhi ungabi banzi;
• ibanga ukusuka ku-tuber liye emaphethelweni ebhodwe cishe li-3 cm.

Ngamandla amakhulu naphakeme, imbali ngeke ikwazi ukuthola umswakama owanele, futhi ngokuncane kakhulu - ngeke kube nesikhala esanele sokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ngaphansi kwembiza kwakukhona ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nesendlalelo sendawo esetshenzisiwe elungiselelwe. Ishubhu enenqwaba endala ibekwa enkabeni, imiphetho imbozwe umhlaba, icindezela kancane. I-tuber kufanele ihlale i-1/2 ngaphezulu kwe-substrate.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, isitshalo asihlanganisi inyanga eyodwa.

Inzuzo enkulu yesitshalo ukuhlangana kwayo okuhle ebhodweni elifanayo nezinhlobo zalo. Ngebanga le-4 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, ama-cyclamens akha iqoqo elihle lezimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene esitsheni esisodwa.

Ukuzala

Ekhaya, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-cyclamen kuwumsebenzi ongabangeli ubunzima ngisho nakubalimi abasaqala.

Kunezindlela ezine zokusakaza imbali: imbewu, ukwahlukaniswa kweshubhu, izingane, ama-rosette.

Ukuzalwa kabusha yizingane

I-tuber yomama ikhiqiza izingane ngezikhathi ezithile. Amaqhubu amancane atshalwe esitsheni esihlukile, ebheka izimo zokutshala, zokuphuza, zokushisa nezamahora kosuku. Izithako zisetshenziswa ngemuva kwesonto.

Ukusakazeka kweTuber

Ukuhlukaniswa kweTuber kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuphumula. Ukuvimbela izimbali ukuthi zingapheli, ama-cyclamens amakhulu asikwa aba ngama-halves amabili, athola izitshalo ezimbili ezindala. I-tuber yomile, bese isikwa ngommese ongumfundisi, ishiye ama-buds ambalwa engxenyeni ngayinye. Indawo esikiweyo iphathwa ngamalahle futhi yomiswe, bese itshalwa emabhodweni alungiselelwe.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngamarothi

Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, ama-rosette amakhulu atshalwa esitsheni anamhlabathi omanzi. Izinga lokushisa okuphuma kulo isikhulumi ligcina kahle alidluli ku-17 ° C.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ngenxa "yomoya" wesitshalo, okuqukethwe kwawo kuvame ukuhambisana nezinkinga ezihambisana nokungahambisani nemibandela yokunakekelwa.

• I-cyclamen inamaqabunga aphuzi. Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi phakathi nenqubo yemvelo yokulahla uhlaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokufuma. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukujika aphuzi ngokungalingani, lokhu kungaba yimbangela yokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukujikeleza kwe-tuber kuhambisane nokupenda kwamaqabunga. Kulokhu, i-yellowness iqala ngokusika. Kunoma ikuphi, ngokuphuzi kwamaqabunga, udinga ukuhlola ubuso be-tuber. Uma i-tuber ibola, khona-ke ingxenye ethintekile iyanqunywa futhi ifafazwe ngamalahle. Amanzi alukhuni aholela ekufeni kweqabunga, ngenkathi isiqu sihlala sijwayelekile.
• Amahlamvu ayawa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngamacala amabili: ukubola kweshubhu nokushintshela esigabeni sokulala. Udinga ukuhlola futhi uzwe ishubhu lokuthamba kanye namanzi.
• Ukubola kwezimpande. Isizathu ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi. I-Cyclamen idluliselwa ezweni elisha, icacisa ngokuphelele endala.
• Khula kancane. Ukukhula kancane kwe-cyclamen kubonwa ngokukhanya okunganele kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhi emhlabathini.
• Aluqhakaza. Uma amaqabunga e-cyclamen ehlelekile, kodwa azikho izimbali, khona-ke kukhethwe imbiza enkulu kakhulu ukuze idluliselwe. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-nitrogen kuholela ekuvinjelweni kwezimbali nokwenziwa kwenqwaba yamaqabunga.
• Amacembe asomile. Amacembe omile, ngenkathi egcina i-turgor ejwayelekile, akhuluma ngomoya omile kakhulu futhi oshisayo. Kuyadingeka ukwandisa umswakama, ususe emthonjeni wokushisa futhi ugweme ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
• Kuvela amabala amaqabunga. Amabala akhanyayo avela ngenxa yokushiswa yimisebe yelanga, ngomonakalo ohlelweni lwezimpande ne-tuber.
• Amaqabunga agobile. Lokhu ukuphendula kwesitshalo ekucindezelekeni. Imbangela ingaba umoya ongcolile. ICyclamen ayibekezeleli intuthu, ukuqeda imoto, intuthu kagwayi. Inhlabathi ye-Acidic nayo icindezela kakhulu isitshalo. Okuqukethwe ngobumba emhlabathini akwamukeleki. Ukucindezeleka kwenzeka ngokudla okusebenzayo phakathi nesikhathi lapho imbali izama ukuya esigabeni sokuphumula.

Izinambuzane

Ngemuva kokuthenga isitshalo esisha, udinga ukusigcina isikhathi esingamasonto amabili. Pest kungenzeka ivele ngokushesha.

• Isihlangu. Amachaphaza amdaka kanye namabala ansundu angumphumela wokuxazululwa kwezinambuzane zesikali.
• I-Mealybug. Lezi izinambuzane ezincane ezimpunga ezithinta ukona kwamaqabunga.
• Isikhala sesicabucabu. Kulula ukuqaphela yi-web amaqabunga. Lesi sitshalo sithinteka kulesi sinambuzane emoyeni owomile futhi ofudumele.
• I-Cyclamen umkhaza. Ngomonakalo, izimbali namaqabunga kukhula ngaphansi kukhula futhi kugwegwe. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-buds angavuli futhi awele. Isitshalo esinegciwane siyalahlwa.
• Ama-aphid. Uphuza ujusi kusuka kumaqabunga kanye nama-peduncle, aphazamisane nokudla okujwayelekile. Izingxenye zesitshalo azikhuli kahle. Ama-aphid akha amaqoqo futhi kulula ukuwathola kusikhi.

Izinhlobo ze-cyclamen yasekhaya enezithombe namagama

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-cyclamen yasekhaya: Persian and European. Ziyahlukahluka ekunakekelweni nasekujikelezweni kwempilo.

I-cyclamen yasePheresiya

Igama layo lesibili ngu-Alpine Violet. Ineshubhu esikhulu esithotshisiwe. Kushiya kusuka eluhlaza grey kuya eluhlaza okotshani ngephethini eblue. Izinhlobo ezinemibala ehlukene: ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, zipinki nazo zonke izithunzi ezibubende. Ubukhulu bezimbali buncike ezinhlobonhlobo. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezincane zinephunga elibuthakathaka futhi zilungele kangcono izimo zezindlu.

Izinhlobo ezidumile:

1. Ikhadinali. Inezimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo ngombala obomvu. Ukukhula kwesihlahla kufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm.
2. Kaori. I-dwarf ehlukahlukene enezimbali ezincane ezinephunga elimnandi. Isihlamba se-bud sinemibala ehlukile.
3. Rex. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bezimbali nesihlahla. Amacembe ahlotshiswe ngephethini yesiliva.
4. Ukuhlobisa. Amahle imibala umbala. Kukhona izimbali ze-salmon, nsomi kanye no-pink. Kushiya ngamaphethini wemabula.

I-cyclamen yaseYurophu

Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo lomjikelezo wokuphila kwalo. Ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula futhi ishiya unyaka wonke. Inezimbali namaqabunga amancane kunalezo zasePersi ezinhlobonhlobo.

Imibala evame kakhulu yezimbali izithunzi zemibala epinki kanye nsomi. Ilungele kakhulu ukukhula ekhaya. Uzizwa ekhululekile emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-20 ° C kanye nomswakama ophansi.