Ama-Lithops, amatshe bukhoma - akhula futhi anakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

I-Lithops (Lithops), igama layo lesibili yitshe eliphilayo - isitshalo esimnandi somndeni we-aiza, ikhula emadwaleni, emgodini wamatshe, enhlabathini enamanzi agcwele amanzi. Lesi sigaxa esimangalisayo simele amaqabunga amakhulu amakhulu angabi ngaphezu kwama-5 cm ngosayizi nobude.

Ngaphandle, amaqabunga afana ngokuqinile namatshe, okuvela phakathi kwawo ingxenye yesigaba, bese kuba nembali nezithelo zezithelo, ezivula ngesikhathi semvula. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo ilokishi yizifunda eziseningizimu neNingizimu Afrika, okuyizingwadule zaseNamibia naseBotswana.

Izimbali ze-lithops ezinama-petals zifana ne-chamomile, njengomthetho, lezi yizimbali zomthunzi omhlophe noma ophuzi, onephunga elimnandi. Ikhula kancane - ifinyelela usayizi ongu-5 cm cishe eminyakeni eyi-10 yokuphila, okuvame ukuba nesikhathi esingadluli kweminyaka eli-15.

Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi unaka isitshalo se-guernia kanye ne-prickly pear.

Ama-Lithops: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Izicucu ekhaya ngokuqinisekile ziyojabulisa izimbali nokukhula ngempumelelo, ngokuya ngemithetho elandelayo yesondlo:

Ama-Lithops: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Izimbali zokucwilisa izimbali

Ukuqonda okungcono kwezimpawu zama-lithops aqhakaza izimbali, kufanelekile ukusho izigaba zabo eziphambili zokuphila:

• Kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, itshe eliphilayo liyayeka ukukhula bese liwela esigabeni esishisayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuchelela nokugqoka okuphezulu imbali akufakiwe ngokuphelele.
• Kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti, ukuthambisa lesi sitshalo kuqale kabusha, okuholela ekutheni "kuvuke", kuvuse ukukhula okuqhubekayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuvela phakathi kwamapuleti eqabunga kuyanda, i-peduncle iyavela. Futhi kakade ekwindla, Itshe eliphilayo lijabulisa ngezimbali.
• Ebusika, ama-lithops wasekhaya awela esigabeni sesithathu, sokuphoqelelwa somjikelezo, esibonakala ngokukhula kancane, kanye nokushintsha kwamahlamvu - "molting".
• Ekuthomeni kwentwasahlobo, amaqabunga amadala esitshalo aphenduka isithelo, esigcina sishabalale ngokuphelele, siveza amaqabunga amasha.

Naphezu komjikelezo oyingqayizivele wmbali, ukukhula kwawo kungahluka kancane kulokhu okungenhla. Isibonelo, ukuqhakaza ezinhlinini zethu kungenzeka maphakathi nehlobo, hhayi ekwindla, uma nje lesi sitshalo sivezwa ukukhanya ebusika futhi isigaba sokuvuselela amaqabunga sidlula ngokushesha kunokuba kufanele

Ukuqhakaza kwamatshe okuphila izinsuku ezingaba ngu-15, cishe iminyaka engu-3-5 yobudala, izimbali ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi ze-daisy. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini, amahlumela avuleka futhi avale ebusuku. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaqabunga amadala ekugcineni ahlakazeka, ekhulula umbhangqwana omusha wamapuleti amaqabunga aqhakaza njalo. Futhi, ngemuva kwezimila, kuvela isithelo sembewu esikhundleni sembali, sivuthwe izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Imodi yokushisa

Ama-lithop ekhaya ahlukile ngoba isikhathi eside kakhulu angaba sezimweni ezishisayo nezomile, ngoba izinga lokushisa ehlobo alidlali indima enkulu. Kungaba yilokushisa kwekamelo elijwayelekile - 23-25 ​​ºº, noma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme. Ebusika, esigabeni sokukhula kancane, imbali igcinwa endaweni epholile kancane - lokhu kuvame ukuba yi-12-20 ºС.

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-lithops afana nokwehluka kwezinga lokushisa, kunconywa ukuwasusa ewindini kuya phansi ebusuku, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile.

Ukufafaza

Isithombo se-lithops ekhaya sidinga ukufafazwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, uma umzimba wesitshalo unqwabelana;
• ngaphambi kokucwaswa, ngesikhathi sokubekwa komzimba omusha;
• ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ekuseni, kulingisa amazolo.

Isimo esibalulekile sokufafaza ama-lithops ukusabalalisa okusakazeke ngokuphelele komswakama ngenani lokuthi isitshalo siba owomile esikhathini esingaphansi kwehora.

Isibani

Ama-lithop izidalwa ezinesithombe esihle kakhulu, ukwehlisa ukukhula ekukhulekeni okuncane kakhulu kwesibalo esidingekayo selanga. Kufanele zibekwe kumafasitela anelanga avulekile, kumakholoni, ezindaweni zomgwaqo, ngenkathi umthunzi omfishane kusuka elangeni lasemini. Ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuhlelwe kusetshenziswa ama-phytolamp, afakwe kude kwe-10 cm ukusuka kusitshalo. Uma lezi yizithombo ezincane, ibanga liyancishiswa libe ngu-5 cm.

Ngemuva kokuthenga esitolo lapho, njengomthetho, lesi sitshalo sithola ukushoda kokukhanya, akusizi ngalutho ukubeka itshe bukhoma ngaphansi kwemisebe evuthayo ekhaya. Lokhu kungadala ukushiswa. Ngokunikwa lesi sici sembali, kancane kancane ijwayele ilanga elikhanyayo.

Ukunisela amathala

Njengokufafaza, kufanelekile ukukhumbula umthetho oyinhloko wokunisela imbali - ukuvikela ukumiswa komswakama engxenyeni ye-lithops, hhayi ukugcwalisa ukuze amanzi asembizeni amahora amaningi, futhi futhi nokugweme ukungena ketshezi imbala ngokwayo.

Ukunisela kufanele kube voids komhlaba phakathi kwezitshalo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umswakama on imbali ubangela ukuthi isitshalo sibole noma sishise, uma nje kuselangeni. Noma ngabe amapuleti eqabunga eqala ukugwinya - ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngokucophelela ezingxenyeni ezincane, nenhlabathi emanzi ingabi ngaphezu kuka-1 cm.

Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa isirinji yezingane esincane lapho unisela itshe bukhoma, okuzokuvumela ukuba uthule bese udonsa umswakama ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo.

Imbiza yezithambisi

Iziqukathi zezimbali zamalhophi zikhethwa ngendlela yokuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo alukho ezimweni ezicindezelekile, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye akufanele kube khona isikhala esiningi. Kungcono ukunikeza izitsha ezitsheni ezibanzi, ngoba izithonjana zitshalwa amakhophi amaningana ebhodweni elilodwa, elinegalelo ekukhuleni ngokushesha kwezitshalo.

Inhlabathi

Ukuze kukhulwe itshe elibukhoma, kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwendawo yonke kwe-cacti, noma enye ingxenye engafani nenye engenacala. Ngokuzimela ungenza le nguqulo elandelayo yenhlanganisela yobumba:

• ishidi lomhlaba (ingxenye eyi-1)
• ama-chips wezitini (okuyingxenye 1)
• isihlabathi noma amatshe (izingxenye 2)
• ubumba (1/2 ingxenye)
• amalahle (1/2 ingxenye)

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kuyalulekwa ukubhaka le ngxube kuhhavini isigamu sehora. Ubumba olwandisiwe lusetshenziswa njengengxenye yedamu, futhi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi elinezitshalo ezitshaliwe lingambozwa ngesendlalelo samaphebuli amahle.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Itshe elibukhoma akufanele livame ukufakwa kumanyolo, ikakhulukazi uma lithathelwa indawo njalo ngonyaka. Isitshalo sidinga ukuphinda sigcwaliswe kuphela uma lokhu kudluliswa kungeke kwenziwe isikhathi eside futhi inhlabathi inciphile.

Ngenhloso yokondla, kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile ze-cacti, kuyilapho ama-lithops enikezwa uhhafu wesimo esibonisiwe.

Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga

Ukufakelwa kwama-lithops ngemuva kokuthenga esitolo kumane kudingekile esikhathini esiseduze esizayo ngoba iqiniso lokuthi inhlabathi yesitshalo ethengiwe, njengomthetho, ifaka nenhlabathi emanzi ye-peat. Kudlula kabi umswakama nomoya, kunomthelela oyonakalisayo ekwakhiweni kwama-lithops. Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini entsha, efanelekile, umhlaba omdala uhlanzwa ngokucophelela kusuka ezimpandeni zembali nge-toothpick noma ngebhulashi elinzima.

Uma inhlabathi yesitolo sangaphambili yayimanzi, izimpande zome kahle futhi, lapho zibotshwe phansi, zifakwa esitsheni esisha. Isendlalelo esincane sithululelwa ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa, ngaphandle kokumboza intamo yezimpande. Ukuze ama-lithops angawa ngaphezulu, ungangena esikhundleni setshe elincane eliseduze. Ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo akufanele siniselwe izinsuku eziningana.

Ukufakelwa

Isidingo sokufakelwa kwama-lithops lapho isistimu yezimpande sesikhulile futhi igcwalisa wonke umthamo webhodwe. Ezinye izimpande zingasuswa uma kunesidingo. Kepha uma i-rhizome imbali ihlala iphilile futhi ingenawo umonakalo, khona-ke ama-lithops adluliselwa ebhodweni elikhudlwana, alondoloze isigaxa sezimpande ngangokunokwenzeka. F

itshe lika-Willow Kunconywa ukutshala amakhophi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa esitsheni esisodwa ngebanga okungenani le-1-1,5 cm. Izikhala zimbozwe nge-substrate ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa, kepha kungakuhle ukuthi ungazakhi. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, ama-lithops akufanele aniselwe. Lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza kumjikelezo olandelayo, ngemuva konyaka.

Izihlahla

Ukunakekela ilishi ekhaya akusho ukuthi kunezinqubo zokuthena nokubumba. Isitshalo ngokwemvelo sisusa amaqabunga aqothulayo futhi nakulesi simo asikufanele ukuphazamisa imvelo ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokuncibilika.

Izitlhana ebusika

Ebusika, itshe eliphilayo "lakha" ukubukeka kwesimo sokuphumula. Eqinisweni, ngalesi sikhathi, inqubo ebaluleke kunazo zonke yenzeka ngaphakathi kwembali - ukubeka nokwakha i-pair entsha yamashidi, athuthukisa ukubonga ngezinsizakusebenza zelebula elidala lamapuleti eshidi.

Emvelweni yemvelo, inqubo iphela ngokuqala kwenkathi yezulu, ngaphansi kwethonya layo, lo mbhangqwana wakudala uqhuma, wembula okusha okwakhiwe. Ezimweni zasekamelweni, kukhona ukwanda okusheshayo kwe-halves yamaqabunga amasha, ngokubuna okudala, kuphenduke ikhasi.

Kulesi sigaba somjikelezo, ama-lithop awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kuyadingeka kuphela ukukhipha ukunisela, kuze kube ukwakhiwa okuphelele kwesiqeshana seqabunga.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isimo seqiniso sokuphumula kuma-lithops senzeka ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ngemuva kokuphela kwezimila zobusika "ezihamba kancane". Izitshalo zehlisa ngokuphelele ukukhula, azidingi ukugqoka okuphezulu futhi zithole amandla okuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo. Ukunisela kule nkathi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, ukuze ugweme ukubola nokufa kwimbali.

Okuhlukile kunalokho uma amashidi etshe aphilayo aqala ukubangana. Inkinga izosuswa masisha uma usuthisa kancane umhlabathi wenhlabathi.

Ukukhula kwama-lithops kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ukuze kukhiqizwe ngempumelelo itshe bukhoma, imbewu yezitshalo isetshenziswa kakhulu. Entwasahlobo yokuqala, efakwe kuqala, imbewu isatshalaliswa endaweni esemanzi, ebunjiwe, ngaphandle kokufafaza ngenhlabathi nangaphandle kokujula. Ukumboza ngefilimu, izilimo zinikeza umbuso wokushisa wama-degree angama-25- 30 ngokufakwa komoya okuphoqelekile kwansuku zonke ukugwema ukubonakala kwezikhunta ezingalunganga.

Ngemuva cishe kwesonto, isikhathi esingaphezulu kwenyanga, amahlumela okuqala avela. Lapho amaqabunga efinyelela ubukhulu obungu-1 cm - ingaphezulu limbozwe ngobumba olwandisiwe futhi emva kobusika bokuqala, ilokishi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe litshalwe ezimbizeni.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ubunzima obuvame kakhulu obungahlangabezana nabo lapho kukhula ilokhi:

1. amaqabunga ayabuna ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenqubo yokushintsha amapuleti amadala ephepha;
2. ilhops ziyancipha kusuka kokunisela okunganele lapho "esejibernation", futhi kube sengathi bahlaselwe inkathazo - isimila sesicabucabu;
3. bola izimpande zama-lithops lapho usemugqeni we-peat omanzi;
4. amaqabunga ayavuvukala aqhume ngomswakama ngokweqile wembali;
5. amabala ansundu kumaqabunga khombisa ukuthambisa okungafanele kwesitshalo;
6. amaqabunga amaqabunga ayaphela ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga;
7. ama-lithops awaqhakaza ngenxa yomanyolo omningi, kufaka phakathi uma kwenzeka wephula imibandela yokuboshwa phakathi kwesigaba sokuphumula.

Izitha ezesabekayo kakhulu zelitshe eliphilayo, elibhubhisa ngokusebenza esitshalweni - izibungu zesicabucabu, izimbungulu zezimpande, omiyane bowa.

Izinhlobo zezitolo zasekhaya ezinezithombe namagama

Itshe eliphilayo linezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-46, lihluke ngesimo samaqabunga amaqabunga, usayizi nombala wama-inflorescence. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

I-Lithops Aucamp (IsiLatin: Lithops aucampiae)

Inosayizi wepuleti ongaba ngu-3 cm lilinye, i-grey eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enobuso obuluhlaza obuluhlaza. Ukusikwa kujule, izimbali ziphuzi ngephunga elimnandi.

I-Lithops bromfield (lat.Litops bromfieldii)

"Amaqabunga" alesi sitshalo abunjwe ngesigaxa esibunjiwe ngentambo eluhlaza obomvu, ama-inflorescence mancane, abomvu ophuzi.

I-Lithops Compton (IsiLatin: Lithops comptonii)

Inezimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi ezinomongo omhlophe. Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka uhlukile kunokwejwayelekile yalolu hlobo lwesitshalo - luqhakaza ehlobo futhi luphumule ebusika.

I-Lithops Dorothea (ngesiLatin: Lithops dorotheae)

Okuncanyana kakhulu, akukho ngaphezu kwesentimitha ukuphakama. Amaqabunga ezimbali abukeka efana kakhulu ne-quartz, blooms ene "daisies" ephuzi ekhanyayo.

I-Lithops Franz (ngesiLatin: Lithops francisci)

Amasentimitha angama-4 anezinsuku ezinezihlahla zomnqumo obukhulu nezimbali ezimhlophe-ophuzi.

Izithambisi ezinamakhanda abomvu (lat.Litops fulviceps)

Ihlukaniswa ngamapuleti amaqabunga cylindrical, kanye nezimbali ezimhlophe ezinephunga elimnandi.

I-Lithops of Karas (Latin: Lithops karasmontana)

Amaqabunga ayo anamanzi abukeka njengekhophi eqondile yama-quartzite, aqhakaza ngama-inflorescence amhlophe anama-petals akhombe.

I-Lithops Leslie (ngesiLatin: Lithops lesliei)

Izinhlobo ezincane zalesi sitshalo, ezinendawo yokuphumula yombala onsundu, ama-inflorescence aphuzi akhanyayo ku-peduncle eminyene.