I-Brovallia - ekhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

I-Browallia (Browallia) - isitshalo sezimbali esivela emndenini omkhulu we-nightshade. Yathola igama layo ukuhlonipha isazi sezitshalo saseSweden uJ. Browall. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-browlia yiCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Isitshalo singatshalwa njengesitshalo sonyaka, kuvulandi noma ngaphakathi. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kwezihlahla kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-30 ​​cm.

Izimbali zenziwe ngesimo se-tubular-funnel, ngesimo sezinkanyezi, zakhiwa kumaqabunga eqabunga leqabunga. Umbala wezimbali uhluka kusuka kokumhlophe okumsulwa kuya ku-violet egcwele. Izimbali ziningi kakhulu futhi zide, ziye kufinyelela eziqandeni ezinzima kakhulu. Amaqabunga athambile, angama-5-6 cm ubude.Amapuleti amaqabunga, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zemibala ehlukene eluhlaza.

Qiniseka ukuthi unaka izitshalo ezinhle ezifana ne-Achimenes.

Brovallia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Njengamanye amasiko, i-browallia ikhula kahle ekhaya nama-blooms kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele:

Ukunakekelwa kweBrowllia ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekela i-browllia ekhaya kudinga amakhono athile. Lesi sitshalo sifuneka kakhulu ezimweni zobusika futhi ngokuvamile sihlushwa i-spite mite.

Izimbali

I-Browllia iqhakaza emhlabathini ovulekile kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi; ekhaya, isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izimbali zimboza ngokuphelele izihlahla.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sinciphe kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi sifa. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, bekukholelwa ukuthi ingatshalwa kuphela njengesitsha sezimbali.

Imodi yokushisa

Ehlobo, i-brovallia idinga amazinga okushisa asesilinganisweni; ekushiseni, ubukhulu bezimbali buncishiswa kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sizwa kahle kumakhamera we-oriental oriental. Lapho i-browllia itholakala ohlangothini oluseningizimu, kumele ifakwe umthunzi phakathi namahora ashushu asemini. Lapho utshala engadini, ubekwa eduze kwama-perennials amade, azonikeza isithunzi esidingekayo.

Ebusika, i-browllia idinga izinga lokushisa ebangeni + 12-15 °. Endaweni efudumele, amaqabunga awo aqalaoma, bese izihlahlana nezimbali ziwa. Isitshalo sisuka ngokushesha futhi siphulukane nomphumela waso wokuhlobisa.

Ukufafaza

Isitshalo se-browllia ekhaya sishizwa kahle ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukomela komoya ngokweqile, kuqala ukuhlaselwa yi-mite spider. Ukufafaza, kusetshenziswe amanzi abilisiwe noma axazululiwe at lokushisa kwasekamelweni.

Isibani

I-browllia yasekhaya ikhula kahle ekukhanyeni okukhona okuso. Ehlobo, ibekwa kangcono kumafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Lapho uzovikeleka elangeni elihangayo lasemini. Ebusika, imbiza enesitshalo ingathuthelwa ohlangothini oluseningizimu.

Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, amazinga okushisa kufanele ancishiswe abe ngu + 10 °. Lokhu kuzovikela amahlumela ukuthi angeluli.

Ukunisela i-Browllia

Ehlobo, i-browllia idinga ukuthambisa kaningi futhi okuningi. Ngokwesilinganiso, iniselwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Ebusika, ubukhulu bokwehla kakhulu, kuzokwanela isikhathi 1 ngeviki. Kulokhu, ingaphezulu kufanele lome kancane.

Amanzi wokunisela othambile ayadingeka ekuniseleni. Ukucoliswa kwenhlabathi, okungenzeka uma ukuthambisa kusuka empompini wesitshalo kuyabulala.

Ibhodwe leBrowllia

Ngokukhula kwe-browlia, kukhethwa amabhodwe epulasitiki omthamo ofanele. Isidingo esikhulu sazo ukuba khona kwezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ngisho nokuqina kwesikhashana nje komswakama kuyambulala. Ekhaya, i-brovallia ivame ukuthuthukisa amahlumela amade, aqothulayo, ngakho-ke amabhodwe okulengiswa kanye nobhasikidi nawo angasetshenziswa ukukhulisa.

Inhlabathi

IBrowllia idinga inhlabathi evundile nenempilo. Yakhiwa izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba we-turf, humus nesihlabathi. Uma kungekho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe umkhiqizo ozimele, zithola isigcawu sokukhula kwe-senpolia noma noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yenhlabathi yendawo ephendula ngokungathathi hlangothi.

Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo

Njengazo zonke izilimo eziqhakaza ngokucebile, ama-brovallia adinga ukuvundiswa. Lapho uzikhetha, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuphatha kabi okuqukethwe i-nitrogen ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, umquba ufakwa engxenyeni yomuthi onconyiwe. Izitshalo zondliwa ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba ngokuvama kanye emavikini amabili.

Ukufakwa kweBrowaglia

Ukufakwa kweBrowaglia kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Lesi sitshalo singqongqozwa kahle ebhodweni elidala bese sidluliselwa kwelinye elivulekile, senezela umhlabathi omusha.

Ungenza futhi ngaphandle kokudluliselwa.. Embizeni, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi lisuswa ngokucophelela bese lithathelwa elinye elisha.

Ungasika kanjani i-browllia?

Izihlahla kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi sawo, amahlumela amadala nangaphezulu asusiwe. Ukuze kuqiniswe ukwandiswa kwamagatsha, amagatsha akhulayo ancipha iziqongo kaningana.

I-Brovallia ebusika nasekwindla

Amabhuleki akhula kuvulandi noma engadini alethwa ekhaya kuqala kwesithwathwa. Babekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle ngeqondo lokushisa engeqi i-15 °. Izitshalo zasendlini nazo ziyehliswa. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, izitshalo kungekudala zizofa.

Ukukhula kwe-browllia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Imbewu yeBrowllia ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa isitsha sepulasitiki sobukhulu obufanele nenhlabathi evulekile, engamanzi. Ngaphansi kwethangi, ukudonsa amanzi kuyaphoqelekile. Imbewu kwi-browllia incane, ngakho-ke ayimbozwa ngenhlabathi. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, zingafakwa emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezingama-2. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukuguqula njalo amahora angama-8.

Lapho kuhlwanyelwa, imbewu isakazeka ngobunono phezu kwenhlabathi futhi ifafazwe isibhamu sokufafaza. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, isitsha sivaliwe ngocezu lwengilazi noma ngefilimu. Lapho kudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa, imbewu iqhuma ngendlela enobungane kakhudlwana. Amahlumela okuqala avela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15.

Ngemuva kokuvela, ifilimu isuswa ngokushesha, bese isitsha sibekwa eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kumthombo wokukhanya.

Ngemuva kokuqalwa kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso, izithombo zingena ezimbizeni ezihlukene.

Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaphilisi we-peat ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-brovallia. Lokhu kugwema ukulimala ezimpandeni lapho kugxilizwa. Ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa, afakwa emanzini afudumele aze akhukhumele ngokuphelele. Imbewu emithathu ihlwanyelwa kuthebhulethi ngayinye. Ngemuva kokutshala, zibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa.

Lapho nje izithombo zikhula futhi zakhe uhlelo lwezimpande, zitshalwa ndawonye nethebhulethi ezingilazini. Ngaphambi kokufika emgodini we-mesh, ukusikeka okuningi kwenziwa futhi kususwe ngokuphelele.

Ukusakazeka kwe-brovale ngokusika

IBrovallia isatshalaliswa kalula ngokusikwa kwe-apical. Zivunwa ezitshalweni ezinempilo. Ukusika kungenziwa unyaka wonke, kepha isilinganiso sokusinda esikhulu kunazo zonke siyabonakala esikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo. Ama-cuttings akufanele abe nama-buds nezimbali, lapho ezimila khona ngokushesha kakhulu.

Ngokutshala, lungisa i-hotbed evamile noma izinkomishi zomuntu ngamunye. Lapho utshala, izithombo ezisikiwe azingcwabi ngaphezu kuka-1-2 cm.Ingxube ye-peat ene-perlite isetshenziswa njengendawo engaphansi yokubamba. Ngemuva kokuthi izitshalo ziqale ukukhula, zinciphise izikhathi ezi-2-3. Lokhu kuzosiza ekwakheni izihlahla eziminyene, ezihlotshiswe kahle.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Uma ubuchwepheshe bezolimo bungabonakali, i-browllium ingahlushwa yizifo eziningi:

• Kukhona ukuqhuma okumhlophe emaqabunga e-brovallia. Kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlushwa i-powdery hlobo - isifo esiyingozi sokukhunta. Okokuqala, i-plaque ivela amahlumela amancane, bese isakazekela kuso sonke isitshalo. Uma kungalashwa, i-browllium izofa kancane kancane. Ukusakazeka okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-powdery hlobo kuyabonakala lapho kungenwa umoya omncane kanye nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa njalo. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, kusetshenziswa ama-fungicides akhethekile.
• Amaqabunga eBrovallia ayawa. Le nkinga ivela lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu phakathi nobusika. Isitshalo kumele siphinde sihlelwe ngokushesha endaweni epholile enamazinga okushisa angadluli + 15 °.
• Amacembe ama-Brovallia aphenduka aphuzi. Isitshalo sihlushwa ukushisa kwehlobo noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele komanyolo. I-Browllia kumele ivinjelwe noma ihlelwe kabusha endaweni epholile. Uma inkinga ngamanyolo, awasetshenziswa inyanga.

I-Browllia, ekhula ngaphakathi ezindlini, imvamisa ihlushwa i-spider mite, mealybug, aphid kanye nezinambuzane ezikala kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ze-brovallia eyenziwe ekhaya ngezithombe namagama

Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, kukhule kuphela uhlobo lwe-browlia:

Ama-brovallia amahle (i-Browallia speciosa)

Izitshalo ezincane ezinamagatsha agcina kahle ukwakheka okuhle, okuyindilinga. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla akwedluli ku-35-50 cm. Kuboniswa amahlumela amafushane, angenalutho kanye namaqabunga amancane anamathiphu akhombe. Kanye nemithambo eseqabwini lamaqabunga, ukubonakala kobuthakathaka obuthakathaka kubonakala ngokucacile.

Izimbali azikashadi, zikhulu ngokwanele, kuze kube ngu-5 cm ubukhulu. Akhiwe ezinhlamvwini zamacembe. Okuqukethe ama-petals ayi-5. Umbala, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ungasukela kokumhlophe okumsulwa kuze kube nsomi onsomi. Izimbali ezinhle zikamabhuleki zihlala emilenzeni emide, emide, enikeza lesi sitshalo ukukhanga okhethekile nentelezi.