IClematis imele ama-buttercups, ajwayelekile impela endaweni eshisayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-perennials e-herbaceous nezinhlobo zazo ezi-hybrid zitshalwa kumasayithi.
Ama-curls ama-curly ahlobisa kakhulu ahlukaniswa ngemibala eminingi. Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi bayizihlobo ze-nondescript buttercup. Uhlobo ngalunye lubhaliswe neRoyal Horticultural Society.
Incazelo
Izitshalo ezivela esigabeni sokugcina azinconywa ukuthi ziphindiselwe ezinye. Lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwabo. Ukuvela kwamaqabunga kuyahlukahluka kuye ngobuningi. Elula liqukethe ipuleti elilodwa, okuvame ukuba nobunzima liba ngaphezu kokuthathu.
AmaClematis angaba nezithunzi eziningi, phakathi kwazo kupinki ophuzi, ophuzi, magenta, omhlophe, isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-velvet eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lolu hlu alunqunyelwe kwimibala ekhonjisiwe.
Ubukhulu bawo bungafinyelela kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-20 cm. Iphunga le-clematis lifana nama-alimondi, i-primrose ne-jasmine. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zingama-achenes. Bahlukaniswa futhi nokuhlobisa. Amakhanda esiliva ahlobisa ingadi kuze kube sekwindla.
Izitshalo zikhula emahlathini, emahlathini, emaqeleni, emaweni. I-clematis yasendle (elinye igama le-clematis) ingatholakala osebeni lomfula kanye nomhlabathi we-saline. Ububanzi obunjalo obukhulu buchazwa ngokuzithoba kwabo.
IClematis iyamelana nokushisa okuphansi nesomiso.
Lapho ukutshala izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, abalimi kufanele banake isimo senhlabathi. Iziqu ezakhiwe njengama-Liana zivame ukukhuphuka nokukhwela. Ubude bawo ngokuvamile abudluli kumamitha ayi-5.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweClematis
Izinhlobo ze-clematis zihlukaniswe, kugxilwe ku:
| Isikhathi sezimbali. | Kunamaqembu ama-3 esewonke. Esokuqala sifaka izitshalo eziqhakaza entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Elesibili liqukethe imivini, lapho ama-corollas avela khona kabili phakathi nehlobo. Ukubonakala kwama-inflorescence kuleli cala kuhlukile. Okwesithathu kuqukethe izinhlobo ezijabulisa ngama-corollas akhanyayo ngoJulayi nango-Agasti. |
| Ukuma, ubukhazikhazi nosayizi wezimbali. | I-Clematis iyahlukahluka emthunzini (ukusuka kuphuzi nokugcwele) kanye nendlela yokubeka ibala (ithoni ezimbili, ithafa). AmaCorollas angafana nezinsimbi, amasoso nezinkanyezi. Abalimi bahlwanyela ama-clematis ama-clematis alula futhi aphindwe kabili kuleziza. |
| Isidingo sokuthena. | Ukususwa ngesikhathi kwezingxenye ezingadingekile kubandakanya ukufakwa kwezimbali eziningi, ukumiswa kwamagatsha nokwakhiwa kwamahlumela amasha. |
Ama-Lomonosas makhulu futhi anezihlotshana ezincane.
Izinhlobo Clematis
Isitshalo asithathi isikhala esiningi. Ukusekelwa, kusetshenziswa imishini eyengeziwe engadini. Ukulungiswa kwabo kungahluka.
Obelisks, izindonga, izitebhisi, izihlalo ezinkulu zomzimba kanye nemicengezi yenziwa ngokhuni nensimbi. Ukulima, ama-grids asetshenziswa, ahlukaniswe ngamaseli abunjwe yisikwele.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu:
| Buka | Incazelo | Izimbali / izinhlobo |
| Qondisa | Ukuphakama - kuze kufike ku-1.5 m, ngeziqu eziqonde, kuhlobisa ingadi kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. Kuyasinikeza inzalo yakho, kunesidingo sokusekelwa. | Ububanzi obuncane be-corollas emhlophe - ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-1.5 cm. |
| Iqabunga lonke | Ukuphakama - kusuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-1 m, izithelo zesiliva ziyehluka ngesimo esiyindilinga. Iziqu eziqonde ngqo ziboshelwe kumadivayisi aphansi. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo. | I-violet eyodwa, amacembe agobile ngaphandle.
|
| I-Tangut | Ama-Creepers (ubude abudluli kumamitha ayi-4), izithelo zihlobisa, kusekelwa kuyadingeka. | Okubunjiwe bell ophuzi. |
| I-Alpine | Ukuphakama - 3 m, amaqabunga amakhulu, abonakala ngokugoba okunesikhumba. I-Blossom iqala ngo-Agasti. |
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| Izimbali (Florida) | Ubude bungafinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu, iphunga elihlaba umxhwele. Izimbali ezibunjiweyo. Ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukungasabi ilanga. |
|
| Intaba (Montana) | Ukuphakama - ama-9 m, amaqabunga abukhali futhi amancane, aqoqwe ngoxhaxha. Iphunga elimnandi. |
|
| UViolet (Vititsella) | AmaCorollas alula, ubude bamahlumela buyi-3.5 m. Isikhathi sezimbali sisukela kuJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Amaqabunga ohlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi. |
|
| Ukushisa | Zihlukaniswa ukukhula okukhula masinyane, ubude bamahlumela abudluli kumamitha ayi-5. Amaqabunga amaqabunga ayiqabile ahlobo oluhlaza oluhlaza. Iqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo. | Ama-corollas amancane amhlophe aqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. |
I-Hybrid Clematis
Imivini inamathela ngeziqu namaqabunga. Ama-corollas amancane amancane ahlangana kuma-inflorescences.
Kwi-clematis yokuhlobisa, kwakheka izithelo eziyindilinga ezinama-pubescent. Amaqabunga amaqabunga ahlukahluka ku-juiciness nesimo esithandekayo.
Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukusekelwa okuqinile. Lokhu kungenxa yesisindo esikhangayo se-clematis yabantu abadala. Ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa, atshalwa ezindaweni ezivikelwe emoyeni.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-clematis e-hybrid enesithombe nencazelo
Izinhlobo ezibonakala ngokuhlobisa okukhulu kakhulu:
| Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| Inyoni empunga | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuqondiswe phansi. Isikhathi sezimbali sihlala izinyanga ezintathu. |
| I-Ville de lyon | Amahlumela ansundu amnyama, ama-red carmine red, ama-anthers aphuzi aphuzi. Ububanzi bezimbali buvela ku-9 kuya ku-12 cm. Isikhathi sokuvula sincike ekutheni ukuthenwa kwenzeka nini. |
| Nelly Moser | Izimbali ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo eziphinki zayo ezihlotshiswe ngomucu obomvu. Ama-corollas amise okwezinkanyezi angafinyelela ku-16 cm ubukhulu. |
| Kuhle | Izimbali ezimhlophe, ububanzi bayo buqala ku-16 kuye ku-20 cm. Ama-Anthers ahluke ngama-anthers omnyama omnyama. |
| UJacqueman | Ama-anthers aphuzi, amathuna ansomi. |
| Blue ilangabi | Izimbali ezivulekile, ezibonakaliswa umbala wethoni ezimbili. Uhlobisa ingadi kuze kube maphakathi nekwindla. Ububanzi abudluli ku-15 cm. |
| Comtess de Buschaux | Ama-corollas amakhulu apinki amakhulu. Inamacembe ayi-6, abonakala ngemiphetho ye-wavy. Umthungi ophuzi ophuzi. |
| Taiga | Izimbali ze-Terry lemon-nsomi. Zingaba lula futhi zibe yinkimbinkimbi. |
| IsiManchurian | Ukuphakama - 3 m. Izimbali ezimhlophe ziqukethe amacembe ama-3-7. |
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Mikhulu, iphakathi nendawo futhi incane. Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zembewu, abalimi abanolwazi banethuba lokudala izinhlobo ezintsha ze-hybrid.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa sincike ngqo kusayizi. Ezincane kakhulu zibekwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe ngaphambilini entwasahlobo (Mashi-Ephreli). Izitshalo ezinkulu zitshalwa ekwindla sekwedlule noma ezinyangeni zokuqala zobusika.
Ukungenisa konke okuhilelekile ngoJanuwari. Ukulinganisa isikhathi sokuqhuma kwamahlumela, imbewu ithwetshelwa izinsuku eziyishumi.
Lapho ulungiselela i-substrate kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-peat, umhlaba nesihlabathi. Zonke izithako zithathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ingxube ephumayo inoswakama.
Esigabeni esilandelayo, sakaza imbewu. Ungqimba kufanele lube mncane futhi lufane. Zimbozwe ngesihlabathi, esibe sesihlanganiswa kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho kusala ukumboza isitsha ngengilazi.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Amahlumela asafufusa adinga ukukhanyiswa. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ukukhetha kweClematis kwenziwa ngemuva kokutholakala kwamapheshana okuqala.
Phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele kube nesikhathi sokuphumula esilingana no-15 cm. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwesikhathi, isisindo sezimpande sikhula ngokushesha.
Esikhathini sekwindla, izithombo zidinga ukumbozwa. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ukujula komsele ophelile kungama-cm cm.
Ukutshala kweClematis emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuze ukhule i-clematis, udinga ukunquma indawo lapho izotshalwa khona. Kungcono ukukhetha indunduma.
Ukuhambisana nalesi simo kuzovikela uhlelo lwempande ekubambeni ngenxa yokusondela kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba.
IClematis yenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukutshala eduze kwezindonga. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umswakama omningi wenhlabathi awunakugwemeka.
Isikhathi sokufika emhlabeni
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala ngu-Agasti nangoSepthemba wokugcina. Umhlaba ufudumala kahle, ngakho-ke izithombo zinesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande. Ubunzima bokusebenzisa ubusika ngokuvamile abuveli.
Uma isitshalo sitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, siyoqhakaza ehlobo elizayo. Lapho uhlela uhlelo lomsebenzi, umlimi kufanele acabangele isimo esivamile sezithombo ze-clematis.
Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo
Isithombo esilungiselelwe kufanele sibe okungenani nesibambo esisodwa.
Umbhede ulungiswa kanjena:
- ukumba umgodi;
- ingxube yokudonsa ibekwe ezansi yayo;
- lungisa inhlabathi uma ingavundile. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe unyaka ngaphambi kokutshala;
- ukusungula okusekelwa okuphakeme kwayo kungaphezu kuka-2,5 m;
- inhlabathi elungiselelwe ithululelwa emgodini;
- isitshalo clematis;
- nisela isitshalo;
- mulch okumbiwa ngenhlanganisela Peat.
Phakathi kwama-clematis atshaliwe - okungenani imitha eyodwa.
Ukufika kwe-Autumn
Lapho utshala, gcina le mithetho elandelayo:
- inqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba;
- kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukwanda kwamanzi futhi ukoma ngokweqile kwenhlabathi;
- inhlabathi ingalungiswa kusuka ku-humus, ku-chalk, esihlabathini esiqhekekile, umlotha kanye ne-peat;
- uma umhlaba osendaweni ekhethiwe ubonakala ngokuqina kwe-acidity, kuzodingeka ukuthi ungathathi hlangothi. Ngokutshala, inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi ne-alkaline kufanele isetshenziswe;
- Isiqu kufanele sibe nesiqu esinezimpawu. Ukuba khona okugunyaziwe kokulanywa.
Ukutshala konke okunye kwenziwa ngokwe-algorithm echazwe esigabeni esedlule.
Ukunakekelwa kweClematis engadini
IClematis isitshalo esidinga ukuthambisa njalo, sikhulule, sigxilise inhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani lokhula liyancipha, umswakama uyagcinwa, futhi ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyasheshiswa.
UClematis, ongowezinhlobo eziphakeme (ezinde), kufanele aboshwe.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, amahlumela, abonakala ngokuvumelana nezimo, abanjiswa, okugcwele nomonakalo emahlumela aqhakaze. Ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, ikhava le-clematis lihlanganisa. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa "komoya".
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukufezekisa izimbali eziningi, kumanyolo kusetshenziswa ngokohlelo oluthile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele babe nokuvumelana okungamanzi. Ukulethwa okuncane okukodwa kuthululelwa ezindulini ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphuza.
Ukulungiselela ukwakheka, i-boric acid, isixazululo se-potassium permanganate, urea, i-mullein, i-ammonium nitrate, kanye nezinselo zezinkukhu zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinto eziphilayo zihlanganiswa nezxube zezimbiwa.
Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwesisindo esiluhlaza, okwesibili - ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, okwesithathu - ngemuva kokuphela kwayo.
Entwasahlobo, izitshalo ziphathwa ngobisi luk lime. Landzelela izinto ngesikhathi sokukhula. Nge-overdose yama-phosphates, kuvela izimpawu ze-chlorosis.
UClematis Usekela
Njengamadivayisi we-clematis, kusetshenziswa izakhiwo ezikhethekile. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lokusekelwa, ubukhulu bengxenye okufanele buqiniswe bungu-1,2 cm.
Ngokukhula kwesisindo se-clematis, lokhu kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi emva kwemvula. Kungakho umlimi, lapho ekhetha isakhiwo, edinga ukunaka inkomba yamandla.
Ukuthena kweClematis
Lesi sigaba siyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwabamele noma yiluphi uhlobo. Kuyadingeka ukufeza iziqubu ezi-3. Owokuqala - ngaphambi kokwehla, owesibili - ngoJulayi, owesithathu - ekwindla.
Ngesikhathi senqubo, ingxenye yehlumela iyasuswa. Isikimu siyashintshwa, kucatshangelwa izinhlobonhlobo ze-clematis, indawo yokukhula, inani lama-buds.
I-Clematis ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika, lesi sitshalo sisusa amaqabunga amaqabunga, siphatha intamo ngesakhiwo esine-sulfate yethusi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala esiyisisekelo ukutshala i-clematis.
Uhlu lungafakelwa ngokuphepheka kusuka kumacembe owomile, ibhokisi lezinkuni, uphahla oluzwayo. Lokhu okugcina kumele kufohlwe ngamatshe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzoshintsha.
Ukuzala kabusha kukaClematis
Ama-clematis amasha atholakala ngembewu, ukusikwa, ukubekwa kanye namahlumela amasha. Imbewu ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngezinhloso zokuzalela.
Lapho uthenga izithombo, kunconywa ukuthi unake:
- ukulimala kwemishini;
- isimo sezimpande;
- amahlumela athuthukile ngama-buds;
- isikhathi sokuthenga.
Amakhukhamba ama-clematis asatshalaliswa ngokuxhunyelelwa ezinhlotsheni eziqinile ebusika.
Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush
Inqubo yenziwa uma iminyaka ye-clematis ingeqi iminyaka engu-6. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubunzima obudalwa yisistimu yezimpande ezikhulayo abunakugwenywa.
Inqubo ilula:
- bhala umvini;
- Susa umhlaba;
- sika leyongxenye yesitshalo lapho kunezithombo zezimpande.
Ukwahlukaniswa kudingeka kwenziwe ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Uma isihlahla sikhulu kakhulu, kuzokwanela ukwehlukanisa kuphela ingxenye yesiko.
Ukubekwa
Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwabo kanye nokufakelwa akukho nzima. Usebenzisa le ndlela, ungathola izithombo ezingaphezu kuka-10.
Indlela isetshenziswa esikhathini sekwindla yesikhathi. Ngakho kusheshisa ukwakhiwa nokuqiniswa kwe-clematis.
Umgcini wegadi kufanele alandele i-algorithm:
- kukhona imifino ezungeze isitshalo, okuyi-10 cm;
- khetha amahlumela;
- susa amahlamvu;
- lungisa ama-internode;
- ukulala izingxenye zesitshalo esivundile.
Umphumela womsebenzi ngumbhede lapho iziqongo zesendlalelo esingu-20 cm zivele khona.
Izimbumbulu
Inqubo yenziwa nge luhlaza. Ama-biostimulants aqongelela kumahlumela we-clematis. Ukhuphula amathuba ezimpande, sebenzisa izinqubo ezimfishane ezifushane.
Ngemuva kokusika ngokuphelele, ihlukaniswe izinqubo, ngayinye yazo kufanele ibe ne-node eyodwa. Ukugxila okubalulekile kufanele kukhokhwe kuya ohlangothini wokusikiwe: ongenhla wenziwe waqonda, ongaphansi uyinqaba.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ushintsho lwe-pathological kufanele luvinjelwe. Ukugula okungenzeka:
| Izizathu | Izimpawu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Ubumba olumhlophe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo. | Ukufafaza isihlahla esithintekile ngeFundazol ne-Azocene. |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Amabala amnyama ansundu ku-stems. | |
| Wakhe | Ukubuna okusheshayo. | Ukusika izingxenye ezithintekile. Icubungula nesixazululo se-potassium permanganate, i-foundationazole, i-emulsion yethusi-yethusi. |
| I-mosaic ephuzi | Amacembe aphuzi. | Ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwezitshalo. |
| I-Fusarium | Ukuhlukaniswa nokugoqana kwamaqabunga. | Ukuvimbela: isikhunta. Akukho ukwelashwa, kususwa ngokuphelele. |
| Ukugqwala | Ama-Orange pads kumaqabunga amaqabunga, ukuguqulwa kwezingxenye ezilimele zesitshalo. | Isifutho seCopper Chloride. |
| Ascothychosis | Izindawo ze-Necrotic. | I-Copper sulfate. |
I-Clematis ivame ukufakwa kwi-landscaping. Izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo ziyathandwa. Azidingi indawo yokukhosela. Ukutshala nokunakekela kwangaphandle nakho akunzima.
Clematis zingatshalwa zombili ngokwehlukana kwezinye izitshalo engadini, futhi kanye nazo. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, lezi zitshalo zitshalwa engadini efanayo yezimbali ngama roses ekhuphukayo, inkazimulo yasekuseni ne kobe.
