Abutilon (Abutilon) - okuhlala kungapheli emndenini we-Malvaceae. Emvelweni yemvelo etholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, e-Asia, e-Afrika. IChina ibhekwa njengezwe. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Ezinye izinhlobo zemvelo zikhula zifike kumamitha angama-4 Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, abutilon bajabulisa ngokuqhakaza kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuye ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi.
Izimbali zingaba ngemibala ehlukene: obomvu, peach, salmon, violet, pink. Zibukeka njengezibani zemilingo futhi zakhiwa kuma-pedicel amade ekugcineni kwehlumela, ngenkathi ukukhula kwehlumela kungavumi. Lesi sitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi yi-maple yasendlini ngoba amaqabunga ayo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anamaqabunga ahlanganisiwe afana namahlamvu esihlahla.
| Ngesizini eyodwa, lesi sitshalo sinezela amahlandla kathathu ekukhuleni. | |
| Iqhakaza ekwindla, ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. | |
| Abutilone kulula ukuyikhulisa. | |
| Isitshalo se-perennial. |
Izici eziwusizo ze-abutilon
I-Abutilon isitshalo esinikeza injabulo. Isimo esidabukisayo siguqula saba yicala elinamandla le-vivacity; isiza ukwambula amathalente, idala umoya wothando nokuzwana. Ukucatshangelwa kwesihlahla esiqhakaza kudambisa imbandezelo. I-Kind Abutilon Theophrastus iyasiza. IFurunculosis iphathwa ujusi wayo, amanxeba ayaphola. Izintambo eziqinile zikhululwa emagatsheni e-abutilon. Ngenxa yalokhu ubizwa ngemoto ikhebula.
Ukunakekela Abutilone Ekhaya (Kafushane)
Abutilon ekhaya bangaqhakaza cishe unyaka. Naphezu kokubukeka okumangazayo, imephu yasendlini ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kepha kumele inakekelwe kahle.
| Ukushisa | Ebusika - okungenani u-12 ° C, isikhathi sonke - kungakapheli u-23 - 25 ° C. |
| Umswakama womoya | Umswakama ophezulu uy efiseleka; ukufafaza njalo kuyanconywa emoyeni owomile. |
| Isibani | Izindawo ezinhle. |
| Ukunisela | Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - kukhulu, ebusika - kusesilinganisweni. |
| Inhlabathi | Thenga i-substrate eqediwe (i-acidity level 6 pH); ungazipheka ngokwakho, uthathe isilinganiso esilinganayo se-humus, inhlabathi enamahlamvu nengxenye yesihlabathi. |
| Umanyolo nomanyolo | Esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo nezimbali - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-14 ngomanyolo wamaminerali noma wezinto eziphilayo. |
| Ukufakelwa | Amabhishi amasha - minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - njalo eminyakeni emi-3 (entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu). |
| Ukuzala | Izilimo nembewu. |
Kunezici zokukhula kwe-abutilon. Entwasahlobo, ukukhula kwalo kuyasebenza. Amanye amahlumela akhula ngokungahleliwe, enza ukuqina futhi andise ukubukeka, athatha amandla esitshalweni. Ngakho-ke, ngasekupheleni kobusika abutilon unqume, ushiye uhhafu wokuphakama, ususe amahlumela angenamandla. Uma kuqala ukukhula ngamandla, aboshelwa kusekela.
Ukunakekelwa kwabakwa-Abutilon ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe
Ikhaya Abutilon - isihlahla esidabuka endaweni eshisayo. Ukusuka ekunakekelweni kuncike ebuhleni kanye nobude bezimbali, ubude besitshalo. Ekhaya, kunzima ukudala izimo ezihambelana nalezo imephu yasendlini ngofuzo kusengaphambili, kepha udinga ukusondela kubo ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-Abutilon Landing
Ukutshala i-abutilon kudlala indima enkulu ekwakhekeni kwesihlahla esihle esiqinile. Ukuthatha isinqumo sokukhulisa abutilon ekhaya, bakhetha indawo ngaphambi kwayo. Okukhethwa kukho okuhle kuyingxenye evunyiwe futhi evunyelwe kahle yegumbi: isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ehlobo, ungayifaka kuvulandi noma uyikhiphe ngaphandle. Umoya omusha nemisebe yelanga kuzosiza isihlahla ukuthi sikhule ngokushesha futhi sikhule.
Izimbali
Izimbali abutilon - Izehlakalo zinemibalabala futhi zinde. Iqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli futhi iphela ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ifomu lezimbali zokuqala ezikhanyayo ngamagatsha. Ziqukethe amacembe ama-5 aqoqwe ezansi, angaba ngemibala ehlukene. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bufika ku-7 cm.
Ukushisa
Ukukhulisa i-abutilon enempilo futhi eqinile, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kudinga okuhle. Kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele: I-Subcooling iyingozi njengokushisa ngokweqile. Ngenkathi efudumele, igumbi lapho kukhula khona ama-abutilon kufanele libe ngu-+ 22 - 27 ° C, ebusika nasekwindla - okungenani + 15 ° C. Uma ezizwa engakhululekile, uzokhombisa ukungagculiseki: ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu azoqala ukoma, ngamazinga okushisa aphansi kuzodonsa amahlamvu.
Amaconsi okushisa angazelelwe kufanele agwenywe.
Ukufafaza
Abutilon abakhethi kakhulu ngomswakama womoya. Kepha ngesikhathi sokushisa nangezinsuku ezishisayo, lapho umoya woma, ngezikhathi ezithile ukufafaza amaqabunga. Ukuze ugweme ukushiswa kwabo, lokhu akwenziwa ngokukhanya.
Isibani
Abutilon badinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle ukuze bakhe amahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza. Uyazithanda izindawo ezikhanyayo, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga kubangela ukushiswa kwamaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukukhetha ukukhanya okukhanyisiwe.. Umuthi ubekwa eduze kwamafasitela abheke eningizimu. Ekwindla nasebusika, lapho isikhathi semini sinciphile, kufakwa ukukhanya okwengeziwe.
Ukunisela
Abutilon uthanda umswakama, kepha ukuntuleka komswakama nokufaka amanzi enhlabathini kuyingozi kuye. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela ekuchithekeni kwamaqabunga, ukwehla kokukhula, kanti ukweqisa kuholela ekuweni kwe-efihlekile, ukomiswa kwamaqabunga, ukubola kwezimpande. Ehlobo, i-abutilone iniselwa kaningi (kufika izikhathi ezi-3 ngesonto).
Ukuze inhlabathi ihlale inomswakama isikhathi eside, iyathukululwa futhi ihlanganiswe ngesigaxa sikakhukhunathi, amagxolo aqhekekile. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo kuyadingeka - kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10.
Amanzi anamanzi ahlala endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni.
Usayizi webhodwe
Uma umuthi ukhule kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kuthathwa isitsha esincane ukuze sihlwanyelwe. I-Abutilone yathuthuka ngokushesha. Njengoba ikhula, yandisa usayizi wembiza. Isidingo sokushintsha umthamo sizokhonjiswa ngokuvela kwezimpande kusuka kwizimbobo zokudonsa, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimbali nokuncipha kokukhula.
Ukuze ungalethi isihlahlana esimweni esibucayi, ububanzi bokubumba buye bukhuphuke kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho sebunele i-abutilon - 13 - 15 cm.Idayimitha yesitsha esisha ngasinye kufanele libe ngu-2 cm likhulu kuneyangaphambili. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-abutilon ziphila ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8; ama-centenarians atshalwe kumashubhu.
Ground for Abutilon
Okuthukile, kucebile nge-humus inhlabathi ye-abutilon - ukhiye ekukhuleni kwesihlahla esihle esiqinile. Inhlabathi isheshe iphele ngoba imephu yasendlini isebenzisa umsoco ngaso leso sikhathi. Ukusiza lesi sitshalo ukuthi siphinde sigcwalise ukutholakala kwawo, inhlabathi ivuselelwa kabili ngonyaka, kucatshangelwa ukuthi inhlabathi inamandla kangakanani.
Ukukhula kwesihlahla kwenzeka ngokushesha emhlabathini ongathathi hlangothi noma one-acidic (pH cishe ngo-6), ongalungiswa ekhaya ngokungeza i-biohumus, vermiculite, nesihlabathi ingxube ye-peat.
Umanyolo nomanyolo
Abutilon yehlisa intuthuko kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi, lapho kunesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukondliwa kunqatshiwe ngalesi sikhathi: ukukhuthaza ngokweqile kuzonciphisa isitshalo. Esigabeni sokuqhakaza nokukhula, kunalokho, umanyolo womanyolo kanye nokufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali kubalulekile. Zenziwa njalo emavikini ama-2 ngemuva kokunisela.
Lapho ama-abutilone enza ama-buds, iphosphorus ne-potassium kuyadingeka. Ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen, umuthi ukhula ngokushesha, kepha ungaqhakaza. Sebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ziqukethe izakhamzimba ngezilinganiso ezifanele futhi zigaya kalula.
Ukufakelwa
Kudingeka ukufakelwa kwemephu yasendlini. Kwenziwa, siphawula izibonakaliso ezinikezwa ngu-Abutilon:
- ukukhula kancane;
- izimbali ezincane;
- izimpande ziyavela kusuka kuzimbobo zokudonsa;
- ukuqhuma kwehle;
- amabala akhanyayo avela emaqabungeni ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo;
- ububanzi bomqhele bungaphezu kokwehla kwembiza.
Ukudlulisa (ukuphatha) abutilon kusuka kwelinye ibhodwe kuya kwelinye, kuvuselela umthamo, uma kunesidingo. Qala kabusha inhlabathi, susa amaqoqo aminyene wezimpande nezimpande ezonakele. Amaphuzu asikiwe afafazwa ngamalahle ahlanganisiwe. Amabhishi amasha atshalwa kanye ngonyaka, abadala emva kweminyaka emithathu. Kungcono ukukwenza lokhu ngesimo sezulu esinamafu, ukuze isitshalo sibekezeleleke ukufakelwa kalula.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Abutilon
Umuthi omusha ungatholakala usebenzisa imbewu noma ukusikwa.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Abutilon ngokusikwa
Imvamisa, lapho ineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, isiqu saso siba lukhuni, abutilon siba sikhanga kancane. Ukusakazwa ngokusika - Inketho enhle yokuvuselela isihlahla. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Izimbambo ezinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15 zinqunywa emagatsheni aqinile, zikhonkotha kusuka emaqabunga aphansi nezimbali. Faka, ulima kancane, emhlabathini oswakeme. Amanzi, mulch, amboze ngefilimu. Ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana ekuqongeleleni, yenza izimbobo eziningana. Izithombo zigcinwa zifudumele, ngamazinga okushisa angama-22- 25 ° .. Ifilimu likhishwa njalo ukuze kufakwe umoya omncane nokunisela. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izithombo zisika izimpande, zidluliselwa ebhodweni.
Ukukhula Kwe-Abutilon kusuka KuMbewu
Ukusakazwa kwembewu hhayi njalo elula: ngokushesha balahlekelwa ukuhluma kwabo. Kungcono ukutshala imbewu ngonyaka odlule. Entwasahlobo, kukhethwa imbewu enkulu, icutshungulwe kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ama-grooves enziwa emhlabathini kanti imbewu ibekwa kude ne-20 mm ukusuka komunye nomunye, ukujula ngo-5 mm. Isitsha esinezithombo simbozwe nge-polyethylene. Izimbobo zenziwa ngendlela yokuthi izithombo "ziphefumule". Ihlala emazingeni okushisa angama-20 - 23 ° C. Ifilimu lisuswa ukuze lincibilikise futhi lithambise inhlabathi. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Lapho kukhula amaqabunga ama-2, izithombo zingena ezimbizeni bese zibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo kude nokusalungiswa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-4-6, abutilon bazoqhakaza.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zisakazwa kuphela ngokusikwa ukuze kulondolozwe izici zezinto eziphilayo zesitshalo somzali.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-Abutilon
Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba, kepha ukunakekelwa kuso ngokungafanele kungadala izinkinga:
- Ama-abutilone alahla amaqabunga - Ukunisela okungafanele (ukumiswa kwamanzi noma ukuntuleka komswakama), ushintsho olungazelelwe ngokukhanyisa noma izinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa.
- Amaphethelo amaqabunga e-Abutilon omile futhi aqhekekile - umoya omile kakhulu egumbini. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza amaqabunga (ngaphandle kokuthinta izimbali); lahla amabhethri, eceleni kwembiza faka isitsha samanzi esivulekile.
- Amahlamvu e-Abutilon aphuzi - umoya owomile, igumbi liyashisa, ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Ukufafaza, ukudonsa umoya, ukugqoka okuphezulu.
- Amahlamvu aphuzi - ukukhanya okuncane. Isitshalo sihlelwe kabusha endaweni egqamile.
Ngokuqina komoya omningi, ukuchelela ngokweqile, i-abutilon ihlaselwa izinambuzane: ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, ama-mealybugs, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-whiteflies, ama-thrips. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides, izimo zesitshalo zishintshiwe.
Izinhlobo zama-abutilone asekhaya anesihloko nesithombe
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-abutilone ziyaziwa. Ekhaya, ezinye zazo zikhulile, zivumelaniswa nempilo yasekhaya. Zincane ngosayizi, ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside futhi azidingi zimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa.
Abutilon Megapotamicum, noma i-Abutilon Amazon
Isihlahla sikhula sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-1, 5. Iziqu ziba drooping obucayi. Ubude bamaqabunga e-oval eliphakeme anemiphetho eyenziwe nge-serature afinyelela ku-8 cm. Izimbali ezizodwa zilenga ezintanjeni ezinde. I-corolla ebomvu inesimo se-tubular-ribb.
Ama-petals anendawo ebomvu ezisekelweni aphuzi. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuqhakaza unyaka wonke. ENgilandi ibizwa ngokuthi "isibani saseChina esikhalayo."
I-Grapevine Abutilon (i-Abutilon Vitifolium)
Isihlahla somhluzi omude, sikhula sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile anemiphetho esekwe afinyelela ku-20 cm, anama-lobes ama-3 kuye kwangama-5. Ama-inflorescence apendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma owenziwe nge-lilac, kuvezwa amachashaza amnyama ezintabeni. Izimbali zihlelwe ngamaqembu. Amahlumela amade ambozwe nge-fluff. Iqhakaza kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
Abutilon Sellowianum
Ikhula ifike kumamitha ayi-2. Amahlumela angaqondile, amahlumela aqondile angama-pubescent. Amaqabunga aphakeme angenwe kathathu anombala obushelelezi kanye nomphetho we-serated. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi lilac onemibala epinki. Isikhathi sezimbali siba ngoJulayi - Disemba.
I-Spotted Abutilon, noma Paint Abutilon (Abutilon Pictum / Striatum)
Shrub nge amahlumela amafushane nezimo namaqabunga aluhlaza atholakala ngezithungo ezinde. Banobukeka obunjengobunhliziyo, amabala amhlophe nemiphetho emide. Izimbali zegolide ezinemibala emnyama epinki ekwakhekeni ifana nensimbi. Kwakhiwa kuma-axils amaqabunga. Izimbali ziwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.
I-Hybrid Abutilon (Abutilon Gybridum)
I-Abutilon itholakala ngokungemthetho ngokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo. Isihlahla esihlala sikhona esi-1.5 m ukuphakama. Amaphara angadwetshwa ngemibala ehlukene: opinki, omhlophe, owolintshi, obomvu, ophuzi, o-burgundy. Ama-streaks ahlala abonakala phezu kwawo - kumnyama noma kukhanya. Ngokwesimo, izimbali zifana nezinsimbi. Amaqabunga ambozwe inqwaba yobuthakathaka, abe nama-lobes ama-3 kuye kwangama-5 nama-petioles amade.
I-Abutilon isitshalo esihle esingavuselela futhi sihlobise ingaphakathi. Iletha ukuthula nenjabulo endlini. Uyaphendula ekunakekelweni okuyisisekelo, futhi ngokunakekelwa okuhle ukulungele ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke.
Manje kufundwa:
- Jasmine - okhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya, isithombe
- Ikhaya le-Alocasia. Ukulima nokunakekela
- I-Coleus - ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo
- Oleander
- I-Chlorophytum - ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe
