Isithwathwa esineqhwa siyisihlahla esinqumayo somndeni we-honeysuckle. Indawo ahlala kuyo iseNyakatho Melika, kanti inhlobo eyodwa ikhula eChina. Igama lesayensi yi-symphoricarpos, futhi abantu balibiza ngokuthi iqhwa noma i-wolf berry. Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa amapaki okubekelwa phansi komhlaba. Isici sayo esiyingqayizivele amajikijolo amakhulu amhlophe aqoqwe esixukwini esiminyene. Zivuthiwe ekwindla futhi ziphikelela ebusika bonke. I-snow-berry inobuthi, ngakho-ke kwenqatshelwe ukuyidla, kepha ama-pheasants, ama-waxwings, i-hazel grouse nezinye izinyoni zidla amajikijolo ebusika ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo.
Izici ze-Botanical
Isithwathwa esineqhwa sihlahla esidonsa ngokungenamkhawulo esinobude obungamasentimitha angama-20 ukuya kwangama-200. Amahlumela amancane agobekayo aqala akhule aqonde, futhi athambekele kuyo yonke le minyaka, akha isihlahla esikhulayo. Iziqu zimbozwe ngamagxolo abushelelezi ansundu. Zihlotshiswe kakhulu futhi zakha amathanga aminyene.
I-petioles ephikisayo yefomu le-oval noma le-ovoid likhula emagatsheni. Zinemiphetho eqinile noma emile kancane. Ubude bephepha bungamasentimitha ayi-1.5-6. Ingaphezulu lephepha elingenalutho liluhlaza, kanti ingemuva linokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
NgoJulayi-Agasti, ama-inflorescence e-racemose akhula emagatsheni amancane, afihlwe emigodini yamaqabunga kulo lonke ubude besiqu. Izimbali ezincane ezinombala opinki zicindezelwe kakhulu ndawonye. Ngemuva kokuvunguza, kuvela futhi amajikijolo asondelene obubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-1. Ambozwe ngesikhumba esikhanyayo sombala omhlophe, omnyama noma opinki. Ngaphakathi epulpiti elinomnandi kunezinhlamvu ezingama-1-3.
Izinhlobo ze-Snowman
Izitshalo azifani kakhulu; isiyonke, izinhlobo eziyi-15 ezibhalisiwe kuhlobo lweqhwa leqhwa. Ake sibheke eminye yayo:
I-Snow White. Izinhlobonhlobo zivame kakhulu emasikweni futhi bezilokhu zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komhlaba kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Shrub kuze kufike ku-1.5 m ukuphakama, ngenxa yamagatsha aguqukayo, akha umqhele oyindilinga. Iziqu zimbozwe ngamaqabunga ama-ovoid alula afinyelela ku-6 cm. NgoJulayi, kuvela ama-inflorescence ezinhlanga anezimbali ezincane ezipinki. Ziqhakaza kakhulu futhi zikhipha iphunga loju, zidonsela izinambuzane. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, amaqabunga angavuthiwe futhi amajikijolo okuqala akhona esihlahleni. Izithelo eziningi ezimhlophe eziyindilinga ziqhubeka kulo lonke ubusika, zifana neziqalo zeqhwa.
I-rose-rose pink (ejwayelekile, eyindilinga). Isihlahla esinde esinezimpande ezincane ezimboze simbozwe ngamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Ekumonweni kwabo, amabhulashi amancane wezimbali ezipinki aqhakaza eduze kuka-Agasti. Ngemuva kokuvundiswa, amajikijolo amakhulu avela ku-red-red noma umbala wamakhorali uvuthwe. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, amagatsha angenalutho anamajikijolo anika ingadi ikhethelo elikhethekile. Izitshalo azilwisani nesithwathwa futhi zithanda izifunda eziseningizimu.
I-Snowman Chenot. I-hybrid yezinhlobo ezimbili zangaphambili isihlahla esiphansi esinamajikijolo apinki. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kalula ama-frost anzima, futhi iziqu ezondile, eziguqukayo zimbozwe ngamaqabunga akhonjwe ngesimo seqanda ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zomuntu oneqhwa elinjalo nguHancock. Ikhula ibe yi-1 m ukuphakama, kepha amagatsha aqhakaza akha imicamelo enobubanzi obungaba ngu-1.5 m. Amahlumela ambozwe kakhulu ngamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza namajikijolo amhlophe qhwa.
I-Snowman Dorenboza. Uhlobo luqanjwe ngegama lommeli waseDashi futhi luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zokuhlobisa ezivame kakhulu kusiko namuhla. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- I-Snow Berry Magic Berry - kumahlumela agobekayo phakathi kwamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza kuneziqu zamajikijolo amakhulu okusajingijolo;
- I-Amethyst - isihlahlana esifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakeme simbozwe ngamaqabunga e-oval aluhlaza omnyama futhi sisetha izithelo ezimhlophe ezinombala omhlophe;
- Umama weparele - izihlahla ezinamahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza achashiswe ngamajikijolo amakhulu amhlophe ngesigaxa esimnyama;
- I-White Hedge - amagatsha amancane aqondile anamahlamvu aluhlaza ambozwe ngokusakazwa kwamajikijolo amhlophe amhlophe.
Izindlela zokuzala
Umuntu obamba iqhwa uzala ngaphandle kobunzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela zokusika, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla, ukugawulwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwamahlumela wezimpande nokutshala imbewu.
Ngokusakazeka kwembewu, kuzodingeka wenze imizamo eminingi. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ngokuphelele imbewu epulpini bese uyomile. Izitshalo zenziwa ekwindla emabhokisini enhlabathi engadini. Imbewu encane ihlanganiswe kahle nesihlabathi, khona-ke kuzoba lula ukuyisabalalisa ebusweni. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu bese sifakwa kohlaza obandayo. Inhlabathi kumele ifafazwe njalo kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza. Entwasahlobo, kuvela amahlumela, adonswa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile.
Sekukonke, izinqubo eziningi zezimpande zakheka eduze kwesihlahla ngesikhathi sonyaka. Lokhu kujwayelekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lweqhwa. Entwasahlobo, izinqubo zidluliselwa. Ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungandisi kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuncipha okhalweni. Ngisho nezihlahla zabantu abadala ziyakubekezelela ukufakelwa kalula.
Ukwehlisa okhalweni, ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla nakho kwenziwa njalo. Ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu, kubiwa izihlahla ezinkulu bese zihlukaniswa zibe izingxenye, zisika isiqu. Isahlukaniso ngasinye siphathwa ngomlotha ochotshoziwe futhi masinyane sitshalwe emgodini omusha wokufika.
Ukusuka kwezimpande, ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, igatsha eliguquguqukayo ligobe emhlabathini futhi liqiniswa ngesigaxa. Fafaza ihlumela kusuka phezulu ngenhlabathi, kepha shiya ephezulu mahhala. Izendlalelo zezimpande zizomila ngaphambi kokuwa. Inganqunywa ama-secateurs bese ibekwa endaweni entsha.
Lapho kuxhunyelelwa, kusetshenziswa amahlumela aluhlaza okotshani nobude obungamasentimitha ayi-10,5 (20). Iziqu ezincane zisikwa ekugcineni kokuqhakaza futhi zigxile ebhodweni lezimbali. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, isithombo esinamandla singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Izimbambo ezinesithunzi zisikwa ekwindla futhi zigcinwe egumbini elingaphansi kuze kube sentwasahlobo. NgoMashi-Ephreli, batshaliwe, njengezithombo eziluhlaza okotshani, ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi wegadi, kuthi emva kokukhula kwezimpawu badluliselwe engadini.
Ukutshala nokunakekela izitshalo
I-Snowman ingakhula kahle ngokulinganayo elangeni elivulekile nasendaweni enomthunzi. Itshalwe kubumba olumanzi noma enhlabathini enesihlabathi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emithambekeni nasezigodini, izimpande zezitshalo ziqinisa inhlabathi futhi zivikele ukugwilika komhlaba. Ukuthola uthango oluqinile oluhlaza, abafuyi beqhwa batshalwa emseleni ngebanga elingama-20-25 cm. Amabhasi angashadile adinga indawo engu-1,1-1,5 m yesikhala.
Bemba umgodi wokutshala ujule ngo-60-65 cm. Yenza lokhu kusengaphambili ukuze inhlabathi ihlale. Izinto zokwakha amanzi (isihlabathi, amatshe) zithululelwa phansi. Ngokwengeziwe, ufulawa we-dolomite, i-peat, humus noma umquba ufakwa emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziniselwa nge-superphosphate. Intamo yezimpande ibekwa kancane ngaphezu komhlaba ukuze kuthi lapho isinciphile inhlabathi igcwale nangaphansi.
Izinsuku zokuqala zezithombo zidinga ukuniselwa nsuku zonke, esikhathini esizayo ukuthambisa njalo akubalulekile. Ngokufika kwezulu ngezikhathi ezithile, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwabo. Kuphela kwisomiso esinzima, cishe amabhakede amabili amanzi athululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Inhlabathi eduzane nesitshalo ihlanganiswe nge-peat kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-5. Kubalulekile futhi ukhula lomhlabathi njalo ukhiphe nokhula.
Imvamisa yokufaka izicubu akudingekile. Kwanele ukumba umhlaba ngentwasahlobo ne-superphosphate. Ungakwazi ukunisela izitshalo ngesixazululo sikasawoti we-potassium.
Ukuze i-snowman ibonakale ihlanzekile, izihlahla kudingeka njalo. Ngenhlanhla, izitshalo ziyakubekezelela kahle. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwama-buds, ukuhlanzwa kwendle kwenziwa, iziqu ezaphukile nezineqhwa, kanye namagatsha awomile futhi alimala, ayasuswa. Ukukhula kunconywa ukuthi kuncishiswe ngekota. Amakati amadala aneminyaka engu-8-10 ubudala adinga ukuvuselelwa. Ngaphandle kwawo, amahlamvu mancane kakhulu, futhi ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuba yize. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, izihlahla zigawulwa zibe ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-40-60. Ngemuva kokunquma, amagatsha aqinile, anempilo ayokhula kusuka efihlekile kokulala.
Isitshalo singamelana neqhwa liye ku-34 ° C, ngakho-ke asidingi indawo yokukhosela. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa azimelani kangako. Zingambozwa ngamaqabunga ekwindla, neqhwa elinde ebusika. Noma yingxenye yamahlumela, kwanele ukuwasika entwasahlobo. Amahlumela amasha asheshe afihla amabala ezimpandla.
Izinambuzane nezifo zivame ukuthinta umuntu oneqhwa. Ujusi wayo uxosha izinambuzane eziningi. Isitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sihlushwa izifo fungal ezikhula izithelo, amaqabunga neziqu. Isizathu salokhu ukuchelela ngokweqile, amathikithi amaningi kanye nokuqina. Ukubhekana nezifo ezingemnandi kusiza ukwelashwa ngesixazululo sikasawoti obaliwe, iBordeaux ewuketshezi noma insipho yokuwasha. Ungaphendukela futhi ngosizo lwama-fungicides amakhemikhali.
Amabhasi ekunakekelweni komhlaba
Imvamisa, umhlwanyeli weqhwa otshalwe emaqenjini aminyene ngokwakhiwa kwesiza. Kwenza uthango oluhlaza eliphansi oluhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izihlahla zimbozwe kakhulu ngamakha apinki amnandi adonsela izinyosi. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo yisitshalo esihle sikaju. Amabhishi angashadile abukeka kahle phakathi kwetshani eliluhlaza. Zingasebenza futhi njengesizinda sensimu emfushane engaphansi engaphansi.
