I-Clerodendrum (umuthi wekusasa) yisitshalo sangemvelo esivela emndenini wakwaVerbenov. Izwe elisendaweni eshisayo yase-Asia, i-Afrika kanye neNingizimu Melika.
Kweminye imithombo, i-clerodendrum ibizwa nge- "volcamery", ehumusha ngokuthi "uthando olungenacala."
Incazelo
IClerodendron imele izitshalo ezinqobayo nezihlala ziluhlaza. Iziqu zide, zihlotshiswe kakhulu, ubude zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-4. Ngokunikwa izihlahlana ezahlukahlukene, isiqu saso singu-lianoid noma sifana nesihlahla.
Amagxolo mancane futhi abushelelezi, umbala uluhlaza okhanyayo noma obomvu onsundu. Amahlamvu aphikisayo anama-petioles amafushane emerald noma umbala omnyama oluhlaza. Amaqabunga abunjwe ngenhliziyo, nge-ovoid noma nge-oval, emaphethelweni aqoshwe. Ubude - kufika ku-20 cm, ukuvezwa okuhambisana nemithambo kumakwe ngokucacile.
Izimbali zangaphandle zifana nezinsimbi eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescences-sc sc noma ama-panicles, akhiwe kuma-axils amaqabunga noma amahlumela. Ukwakheka kwezimbali kuyinkimbinkimbi, zinama-corollas ayi-2: eyokuqala ingu-25 cm ubukhulu, kanti eyesibili incane kancane. Izitimela ezinde nezincane zibekwa maphakathi ne-corolla.
Ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla kwenzeka kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, kunephunga elibuthakathaka elikhipha izimbali hhayi kuphela kodwa namahlamvu. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-clerodendrum lunephunga elilodwa. Imbali ingeyezinhlobo ezivumbile.
Izinhlobo Zokukhula Kwasekhaya
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-clerodendrum, ezingatshalwa ezindlini:
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Wase-Uganda | Indawo ehlala empumalanga ye-Afrika. Ubude bamahlumela bufika kumamitha ayi-3. Izimbali zinama-petals ayi-5, okusikhumbuza izimvemvane, umbala - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobububende. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, kuqhakaza kusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba. |
| Quadricular | Inombala ongajwayelekile wamahlamvu: luhlaza ngaphezulu, burgundy ngezansi, imiphetho ikhonjwa. Izimbali ziqoqwe ngesixha, ngesimo semilenze ende, umbala - omhlophe we-lilac. |
| Bunge (Clerodendrum bungei) | Ububanzi - China. Shrub ngokuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-3, amahlumela aqondile futhi aqweqwe. Amaqabunga anolukhuni ekuthinteni, emaphethelweni abanjwa ngamathe. Izimbali zinama-inflorescence ayindilinga, umbala - opinki. |
| Thompson (UNkk Thompson) | Izinhlobonhlobo zomabhalane zalithola igama lakhe ukuhlonipha isithunywa sevangeli esivela e-Afrika okuthiwa nguThompson. Lesi sitshalo sinezimo eziguquguqukayo futhi ezinde; sivele ngokuqhakaza okuningi kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Izimbali zisesimweni samapheshana amise okwenkezo enombala opinki nomhlophe. I-Foliage iluhlaza noma iphuzi-luhlaza, ubude - kufika ku-12 cm. |
| Ukuqhakaza | Isitshalo sinamahlumela agobekayo, izimbali zenzeka kakhulu onyakeni. Amaqabunga abunjiwe yinhliziyo, imiphetho ihlangene. Ububanzi bezimbali bungama-2-3 cm, umbala ubomvu. |
| UWollicha (umgubuzeli weveli likamakhelwane uhlunguzela uJasmine) | Indawo yokusabalalisa - eNdiya. Isihlahla sokuhlobisa sobukhulu obuhlanganisiwe. Amagatsha elenga phansi. Amagqabi wesimo se-lanceolate, kukhona imiphetho ye-wavy, kuze kube yi-15 cm ubude.I-inflorescences yesimo se-racemose, ilenga, iqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezixutshisayo nezinamakha, ezinobubanzi obungu-2-3 cm. |
| I-Inerme (ingenabala, ixubekile) | Shrub nge amahlumela aqonde, okuthi lapho kungekho izihlahla afinyelele kumamitha ayi-3. Amagqabi acwebezelayo. Ama-umbrella inflorescence aqoqwa kusuka kumacembe amhlophe anama-corollas ansomi. |
| IsiPhilippines | I-Shrub efinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2, amaqabunga makhulu, acwebile, imiphetho igcwele. Izimbali ezinobukhulu obukhulu, ngombala wepinki noma okhilimu, ziyefana ngokubonakala kumaroses, futhi zinobubanzi obungafika ku-8 cm. Ama-inflorescence e-Philippine clerodendrum yi-thyroid. Izimbali zenzeka kakhulu onyakeni. |
| I-Schmidt (amaketanga enkazimulo) | Izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa ezinama-inflorescence afinyelela ku-50 cm, aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezine-cap ebomvu. Ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi, iqhakaza ehlobo nasebusika. |
| Wallica Albarginata | I-Shrub, ukuphakama okungama-30-40 cm. Izimbali - Imibala emhlophe, eqoqwe ngama-inflorescences amafomu e -hlanga. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala. |
| Okuhle kakhulu (iJavanese, ekhethekile) | Isitshalo esihlala sikhona, lapho sikhule ngaphakathi endlini, sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1. Kuvela isikhathi sezimbali eside - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya kuLwezi. Amahlamvu amise okwenhliziyo, abekwe maqondana amahlumela. Izimbali zincanyana, zibomvu okhanyayo. |
| Inkanyezi | Umuthi omkhulu onamaqabunga amakhulu noma isihlahlana esifinyelela kuhafu wemitha ukuphakama. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda, izimbali zincanyana, zibomvu. |
| Amanothi omculo | Ihlukaniswa ngokuqhakaza okungajwayelekile; ama-stamens alenga kusuka kuzimbali ezimhlophe, afana "nezintambo". |
| I-Trichotomum Carnival | Shrub ngezimbali ezincane ezipinki ezifana nomfudumalo weqhwa. |
| Allspice noma izimpisi | Amahlamvu akhonjisiwe, aqinile ekuthinteni, ezifuyini ezinobuthi, unephunga elimnandi. |
| I-Tripartite | Isitshalo esinamahlamvu amakhulu. Inezimbali ezincane ezi-saturated ezimaphakathi nendawo enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezikhonkwane ezibunjiwe. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukunakekela i-clerodendrum ekhaya kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka:
| Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Ukuwa kobusika | |
| Izinga lomswakama | Phezulu, ngaphezulu kwama-70%. | |
| Ukukhanya | Imbali ekhanyayo idinga ukuvikelwa ekuchayweni ngokuqondile elangeni. | |
| Ukushisa | + 20-25 degrees. | + 12-14 degrees. |
| Ukunisela | Njalo | Ayijwayelekile |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14 | Isikhathi sokuphumula - Umanyolo kufanele ushiywe |
Indawo, ukukhanyisa, ukuthambisa
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-clerodendrum zithanda ukukhanyisa ukukhanya, futhi ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kungadala ukusha nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Indawo enhle yokubeka imbiza yezimbali ibhekwa njengewindi lasentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ungasifaka isitshalo efasiteleni eliseningizimu, kepha lapho-ke udinga ukusebenzisa ikhethini lokusabalalisa ukukhanya.
Imvamisa yokunisela ihlobene ngqo nenkathi yonyaka nesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, i-clerodendrum idinga ukuthambisa okuningi, kepha kuphela emva kokomiswa kokuqala komhlaba. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, imithamo yokunisela iyancishiswa. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula kobusika, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, into esemqoka ukuthi isigaxa sobumba sihlala sisendaweni emanzi.
Umswakama womoya kufanele futhi ulawulwe, kufanele uhlale uphezulu, ngoba ukoma kulimaza isitshalo. Uma kungekho umswakama, ukufafaza njalo kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amanzi okushisa egumbini.
Imbiza, inhlabathi, ukufakelwa
Isitshalo sikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile enezinga elibuthakathaka le-acidity. Inketho elula kakhulu ukuthenga ingxube yomhlaba wonke bese ufaka inani elincane lesihlabathi kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi ingenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuxhuma izingxenye ezilandelayo ngobukhulu obuhlukile:
- Peat;
- ishidi nobumba lomhlaba;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezifo nezinambuzane, inhlabathi kumele ihlanzwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzokwanela ukufudumeza ngehhavini noma nge-microwave.
Kungcono ukuthatha imbiza yobumba njengesitsha, ngoba kuvumela umoya ukuthi udlule futhi uqinisekise ukugcinwa kwezinga elifanele lomswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-ceramics aqinile futhi asindayo, obamba iqhaza elibalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezihlahlana ezinkulu. Lapho udlulisa isitshalo, kunconywa ukukhetha ibhodwe elingaba ngu-2 cm ububanzi nobubanzi kunesitsha esidala.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa indlela yokudlulisela.
- Isigaxa sobumba sikhishwe ngokuphelele ethangini, ukuze kube lula ukusula, ungathinta ezindongeni zembiza. Kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukufriza izimpande ngaphansi kwamanzi ampompo.
- Isendlalelo sokudonswa kwamanzi okungama-2-3 cm sibekwa phansi phansi kwembiza entsha: kusetshenziswe udaka olwandisiwe, izinti zezitini, amatshe amancane. Kuthululelwa umhlaba omncane kuwo, bese kufakwa isitshalo esidlulisiwe enkabeni yethangi, kuthi emva kwalokho kuthunyelwe izimbotshana ngokucophelela.
- Ngemuva kokugcwalisa, umhlaba uyaniselwa, emva kokushiswa kwawo, inhlabathi eyengeziwe ingeziwe.
- Ngemuva kokufaka esikhundleni sesitshalo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-phytohormones, lokhu kuzothuthukisa inqubo yokubamba kwezimpawu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuqhakaza kwe-clerodendrum kwenzeka kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba futhi ngalesi sikhathi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukwethulwa kwezakhi zomzimba. Kunconywe ukuthi kuguqulwe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomquba - amaminerali ne-organic humic.
Phakathi kwamaminerali, i-Agricola ithathwa njengesebenza kahle. Umanyolo wekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu ufaka iFlorGumat. Kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezimpande kanye ne-foliar.
Izihlahla
Entwasahlobo, amahlumela ezitshalo afinyezwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude, amagatsha omisiwe nawanesifo ayasuswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwenqubo yokulungisa, kwenziwa izinto ezilandelayo:
- Iziqongo ezikhulayo zicindezela ukunikeza imbali imbali.
- Ukwenza i-clerodendrum ngesimo somuthi, wonke amagatsha ayasuswa, kuphela ihlumela elinamandla kakhulu elisele, elinqunywe ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-0.6. Amagatsha akhiwe ngaphansi komqhele asuswa ekuhlolweni.
- Ama-Lianas awadingi izihlahla ezibalulekile, kepha entwasahlobo, usadinga ukufingqa imikhawulo yamagatsha bese uncipha izitshalo.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala ngokuqala kwekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele wenqabe ukufaka umquba. Kunconywa ukususa wonke amagatsha namaqabunga omisiwe, bese ubeka imbiza endaweni epholile.
Ukuzala
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-clerodendrum kungenzeka ngezimbewu nokusika.
Izimbumbulu zidinga ukwenziwa entwasahlobo. Imiyalo elandelayo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo izosiza ukusabalalisa isitshalo ngendlela efanele:
- Ukusika kuvunwa. Amagatsha anezinhlamvu ahlukaniswe izingxenye zaba nama-3-4ode. Onke amaqabunga aphansi ayasuswa, kuzokwanela ukushiya ezimbalwa ngaphezulu, uma zikhulu, khona-ke ukufushanisa kufanele kwenziwe. Lezi zenzo zizovimba ukulahleka kwenqwaba yomswakama.
- Ngaphansi kwezisiko ezikhethiwe kuhlungwa ngazo izimpande futhi kutshalwe endaweni yezimbali. Phansi kwetangi, ungqimba lwamanzi ngesimo samatshe amancane nobumba olwandisiwe lubekwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Izimbiza zigcwele ingxube yesihlabathi esihle ne-peat, zithathwe ngamanani alinganayo, zibekwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa.
- Zonke izinsuku bahlola isimo sabo, uma kunesidingo, bafafazwa nge-substrate.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, isitshalo kumele siqale ukuba lukhuni, ngoba kulokhu isikhathi somoya omncane sanda nsuku zonke.
- Ngaleso sikhashana, njengoba i-clerodendrum ingenza ngaphandle kwe-greenhouse, ungayidlulisela endaweni ehlala njalo. Ukutshala kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngoba lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezingasho lutho.
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe imbewu, kwenziwa lokhu okulandelayo:
- imbewu itshalwe ezitsheni ezincane ezigcwaliswe ngengxube yenhlayiya engaphansi kanye ne-peat ethathwe ngokulinganayo;
- Izimo zokugcina ukushisa ziyakhiwa bese amabhodwe efakwa endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle; kuyadingeka ukungena umoya nsuku zonke;
- izitshalo ezinamandla zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Amaphutha ekushiya nokulungiswa kwabo
Lapho unakekela i-clerodendrum, kungenzeka amaphutha athile adinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha:
| Izimpawu | Izizathu | Ukulungisa |
| Ukuwa kwamahlamvu nezimbali. | Umswakama ophansi, ukukhanya okungalungile. | Imodi yokunisela ilawulwa, i-clerodendrum ibekwe eduze nokukhanya, umswakama womoya uyanda. |
| Ukubuka okuphuzi emacembe. | Burns | Vimbela ukuboniswa kwesitshalo elangeni ngqo. |
| Amahlamvu amancane. | Ukuba sezimweni zokushisa ezingafanele. | Nika ukuthula ebusika. |
| Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza. | Ukukhanya okungekuhle, izinga lokushisa eliphansi impela, ukuntuleka kokuphumula ebusika, ukuntuleka kwezinto zokulandela umkhondo. | Lesi sitshalo sakhiwe kabusha eduze nefasitela, izinga lokushisa lilawulwa, lapho kuqala umanyolo wenkathi yentwasahlobo. Isikhathi sokuphumula siqinisekisiwe. |
Izifo, izilokazane nokulawula kwazo
Ngenqubo yokukhula, i-clerodendrum ingathintwa izifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane ezidinga ukukhonjwa ngendlela yesikhathi ukuze zisindise isitshalo ekufeni:
| Izimpawu | Izizathu | Ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga |
| Uyazi | Kuyadingeka ukunisela kanye nokufafaza lesi sitshalo kusetshenziswa kuphela amanzi athambile, ngaphambili. | |
| Ukweyisa kwesitshalo. | Ukubola kwezimpande. | I-Clerodendrum isuswa ebhodweni, uhlelo lwezimpande luyageza, izindawo ezonakele ziyasuswa. Izimpande zifafazwa ngamalahle afudumele. Ngemuva kwalokho itshalwe enhlabathini entsha bese imodi yokunisela ilawulwa. |
| Ukuguqulwa kwamahlumela, i-plaque kumahlamvu. | Isicabucabu mite noma i-whitefly. | Lesi sitshalo sigezwa ngamanzi, bese sifafazwa ngesibulala-zinambuzane (2 ml yeFitoverma sifakwe kwilitha lamanzi). Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa. |
| Kusonteka amacembe ngaphakathi. | Ama-aphid. | Amahlamvu owonakele kakhulu ayasuswa, okusele kuyahlanzwa futhi kufafazwe nganoma yisiphi isiphithiphithi sezinambuzane. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, lesi sitshalo siphinda siphathwe kabusha. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: I-Clerodendrum - isihlahla senjabulo
IClerodendrum inomphumela omuhle esimeni somuntu, ithuthukisa isimo esejwayelekile, inika umoya omuhle odongeni lwendlu futhi inikeze uthando.
Kukhona inganekwane yokuthi eRoma lasendulo kwakukhona inkolo ekhethekile yalesi sitshalo, yanikezelwa kunkulunkulukazi wothando uVenus. Ilungu ngalinye laleli hlelo lihlangene nomlingani wakhe weqiniso.
Kepha futhi kunenkolelo yokuthi i-clerodendrum iletha usizi, inciphisa impumelelo emsebenzini nasendimeni yomuntu siqu. Ochwepheshe bakwaFeng Shui baphikisana nalombono ngokweqiniso, bethi noma yisiphi imbali iletha injabulo endlini. Intengo yama-ruble ayi-150-200 akusona isizathu sokwenqaba lokhu.
