ICampanula luhlobo lwezitshalo ezikhulayo zomndeni wakwaBellflower. ICampanul isho insimbi. Ngokwenye inganekwane, insimbi yesonto yabizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokufana kwayo nembali yesitshalo. Izwe lakubo yisifunda iMedithera. Le mbali ikhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele, esitholakala emahlathini, ezintabeni ezingaphansi nasezindaweni ezivulekile zaseYurophu, ezintabeni zase-Asia nasezintabeni ezinamadwala zaseNyakatho Melika.
Kunenkolelo yokuthi isitshalo esinemibala emibili siyisihluthulelo senhlala-kahle yomndeni. Ezinsukwini zakudala kwanikezwa abasanda kushada. Olunye uphawu - uma intombazane ikhulisa i-campanula, khona-ke maduze nje izoshada futhi izothola uthando lweqiniso. Amahlumela alo aluhlaza okhanyayo angakhula afike kuma-50 cm ubude, aqine ngaphansi kwethonya lesisindo sawo.
Incazelo yeBell
ICampanula isiko elikhulayo elathola amagama athi “umakoti nomkhwenyana imbali”, “insimbi yasendlini”, “inkanyezi edubula” yezimbali zikanokusho zeqhwa noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inokufana okuthile nge-eustoma, insimbi yensimbi, "ulimi lwenkobe", i-lily rubrum, i-salvia, i-nemesia, i-monarda, ukukhanya, i-lavater, i-canna nesiqu.
Amahlumela akha “umcamelo” obude obungamasentimitha angama-20. Amaqabunga aqhakazile ngombala futhi ayindilinga ngesimo, esifana nenhliziyo enomphetho onamaphara. Izimbali zibukeka njengezinsimbi ukufika ku-5 cm.Njengoba ziningi zazo, cishe zimboza amahlamvu ngokuphelele. Amacembe amahlanu amahle enza i-silhouette ye-asterisk; bona-ke, bakha ama-inflorescences e-gamut kusuka kumhlophe ("omakoti"), aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ("umkhwenyana" noma "abathandi") kanye namabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya ku-lilac, pink ne-lilac.
Lapho ukuhlobisa, inhlanganisela yezimbali ezahlukahlukene, inhlanganisela yazo eyingqayizivele, kuhlobisa amatafula nezindonga. ICampanula ibukeka ngobuhle emabhokisini noma obhasikidi.
Ukuze wakhe ama-buds amasha, izinsimbi ezindala kufanele zisuswe ngokuhlelekile.
Intengo yekampanul isuka kuma-ruble ayi-1000 kuya kwangama-1000.
Ngemuva kokusika, imbali ivezwa njengezimbali, noma ifakwe emanzini afudumele +38 ° C, aqukethe i-5% sucrose.
Insimbi idume kakhulu emapulazini ezimbali azimele kangangokuba igama lesi sitshalo lisetshenziswa abakhiqizi bemishini yasendlini, ngokwesibonelo, indawo yokugeza yaseCzech "Campanula Ravak".
Izinhlobo ze-Bell
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-campanula zi-munye-futhi zisetshenziswa. Ama-perennials athambekele ekuwohlokeni. Kulokhu, imbali ivame ukukhula ngohlobo lonyaka. Zingaphezu kuka-300 izinhlobo zezilwane ezaziwayo, ezingaphezu kuka-150 zazo zitholakala eRussia nasemazweni e-CIS. 
Ukubukwa kwasekhaya
Engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia Federation kunezinhlobo eziyi-15 zezitshalo. Ingadi yangemuva yensimu engadini: i-nettle, wideleaf, milky nabanye. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ezenziwe ekhaya yizi-terry, mini-terry, flat-leaved, peach-leaved, peach-leaved, porthlag, Pozharsky, Carpathian (Carpathian) kanye neBlauranka. Ezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lweCarpathian kanye ne-peachhlamvu zingatshalwa engadini. 
Ukubukwa kwengadi
Izinhlobo ezinjenge-glanomerate campanula ("bell bell"), cirillo, dashboard and isofilla mix ngandlela thile azijwayelekile.
Izinhlobo zegumbi campanula
| Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| Iqabunga elilinganayo | Ikhula ibe ngu-30 cm. Amahlumela amancanyana, athambekele ekuqotheni. Inketho enhle yokutshala ebhodweni le-cache. Amacembe aluhlaza, ayindilinga. Izimbali zikhulu, ubisi ne-turquoise, ububanzi bazo zingamasentimitha angama-4. Izinhlobo ezidumile ziyi-maya ("umkhwenyana" onezimbali ezingama-turquoise) ne-alba ("umakoti" ngezimbali ngombala kaJanuwari iqhwa). Izinhlobo zeNapoli ne-Atlanta zinezici ezifanayo. |
| I-Pozharsky | Ikhula emadwaleni amatshe nasemadwaleni acwebezelayo aseBalkan. Ukuphakama kungaba ngamasentimitha angama-20. Izimbali zingamhlophe qhwa, umhlophe noma iplamu. |
| Iqabunga lepheya | Ifana nesihlahla se-peach. Ukuphakama okusondele - 50-60 cm. Isikhathi sezimbali - kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba. Ububanzi bezimbali bufika ku-3 cm. Izinsimbi zimhlophe ngokugqamile noma ngombala omfushane. |
| I-Portenschlage ("thola mi") | Okungenasici ngamahlamvu enzelwe inhliziyo. Izinsimbi zinsomi emnyama. |
| UTerry | Kubukeka njengesihlahla esimbozwe ngezinsimbi ezinemibala ehlukahlukene (kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kofi). Iziqu zinde, ziyavumelana nezimo. Amacembe amaningi |
| I-Mini Terry | Ifinyelela ku-15 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali ze-Terry ezine-shades of white and turquoise. Ama-bicolors alandelayo avelele: i-bali emhlophe nebala elimhlophe. |
| I-Carpathian (Carpathics) | Ifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude nokuphakama. Amaqabunga angama-ovoid, akha i-rosette eyisisekelo. Ububanzi bezintsimbi zobisi, imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuyimfusa kungafinyelela cm 5. Izimbali ziqala ehlobo futhi zihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Izinhlobo: iparele elimhlophe neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| I-Blauranka | Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zifinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Kutshalwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Izimbali ziyi-turquoise elula. |
Izinhlobo ze-Garden Bell
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Iqabunga leNettle | Isimbali sangemuva. Cishe imitha eyi-1 ukuphakama. Inempande egxotshwe ukhula, isiqu esinoboya, unxantathu ovoid wamaqabunga, izimbali ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zingaphindeka kabili. I-inflorescence yezimbali ezimbili noma ezintathu. Mhlawumbe sikhula emthunzini. |
| Ubisi luqhakaza | Isitshalo esibonisa isithombe, esiphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-90. Izimbali zimhlophe, zingama-lilac amancane, angabi ngaphezu kuka-3 cm ububanzi, ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence, asesiqwini esinezimbali. |
| Iqabunga lepheya | Emhlabathini ovulekile kufinyelela ku-90 cm. Ububanzi bezimbali bufika ku-3 cm. Izinsimbi zimhlophe ngokugqamile, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lesi sitshalo sisohlwini lweNcwadi ebomvu. |
| I-Broadleaf | Ukuphakama - ngenhla 1 imitha. Izimbali zibukeka njengemisele enkulu emhlophe noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eqoqwe ngesimo sendlebe. Kwangabe kukhula ezindaweni ezinomthunzi. |
| Carpathian Hlunga - Gnome | Phansi - cm 30- 40. Izimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-5 cm, amathunzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namhlophe. |
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Bell
Ukunakekelwa kweCampanul ekhaya kusekelwe emithethweni embalwa elula.
Indawo, ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa
Indawo enhle yezimbali yindawo enama-windowsill akhanyisiwe, evikelwe ukukhanya kwelanga, kufanelekile ukukhetha amawindi abheke entshonalanga nasempumalanga.
Ebusika, ukukhanyisa okufakwayo kuyasiza. Insimbi ifinyelela emthonjeni wokukhanya.
Ukwenza isitshalo sibukeke sicocekile, kunconywa ukusiguqula ngendlela efanayo isonto ngalinye (ngokwewashi noma nge-counterclockwise). Ukujikeleza okungu-180 ° isitshalo akubekezeleli kahle. Kungcono ukukhetha izindawo ezinokukhanya okufananayo.
Izinga lokushisa lomoya ngenkathi efudumele kufanele libe kububanzi + 17 ... +22 ° С, libekezelela ubusika bekampanula ngo + 5 ... +10 ° С.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kuyichaphazela kabi impilo yesitshalo - kuqala ukoma.
Ukutshala, ukukhetha kwezimbiza zezimbali, inhlabathi
Inhlabathi yokutshala ilungiswa kusuka eshidini nenhlabathi yeturf, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Ukwakheka kukwehluka kwenhlabathi okulenga, ukuphefumula kanye ne-alkaline kancane. Uma kunesidingo, umugqa ongaphansi wokutshala ungathengwa esitolo.
Indawo yezimbali yesitshalo kufanele ibe banzi, ibe nkulu ngosayizi, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande luvame ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ngemuva kokutshala, kunconywa ukufafaza.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Insimbi isiko elithanda umswakama. Kodwa-ke, noma kunjalo, ayikubekezeleli umswakama okweqile (ukufaka amanzi) kanye nokomisa inhlabathi.
Isitshalo sifafazwa njalo. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, ingashiywa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili.
Ukomisa ukuqina isilinganiso. Kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo senhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokunisela ngakunye, kufanele kusulwe okuncane, futhi amanzi akufanele aqongelele epanini, konke okuchithekayo kuthululelwa.
Esikhathini esifudumele, esiniselwa kanye ngosuku, ebusika - imvamisa incishiswa kube izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Kunconywe ukusebenzisa amanzi athambileko, azinzile + 22 ... +24 ° С.
Umanyolo nokufaka umquba
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziswa kusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekuqhakazeni kuyeka kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-15. Kusetshenziswa inkimbinkimbi yamanyolo wezimbali.
Kuyadingeka ukondla lesi sitshalo esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukuqhakaza izimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwamahlamvu. Kunconywa ukugxila engxenyeni ye-potassium. Esigabeni sokuphumula, ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwe ku-contraindication.
Izihlahla kanye transplanting
Ukudluliselwa kuvunyelwe entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ezimeni lapho ikampanul iyekile ukulingana nosayizi webhodwe langaphambili. Ukuze kulondolozwe uhlelo lwezimpande, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa ngesigaxa esikhulu somhlaba sifakwe ebhodweni elikhudlwana elinomhlabathi olungiselelwe kanye nobubanzi bokudonsa komhlaba ngaphansi kwalo.
Entwasahlobo, izingxenye zomile zesitshalo ziyasikwa. Ukwenza ngcono ukushibilika, izihloko amahlumela kwesinye isikhathi ziyabhalwa.
Izeluleko zokunakekela insimbi engadini
Cabanga ngemithetho eyisisekelo okufanele icatshangwe lapho kugcina izitshalo endaweni evulekile:
- Into esemqoka yezinsimbi zensimu ilula, futhi kuphela ezinye zazo ezingakhula emthunzini okhethiwe.
- Ukubekwa okungadingekile kwamanzi omhlaba, ukudonsa okuhle kuyadingeka.
- Ukunisela ehlobo kubalulekile, kodwa njalo (kuze kube kabili ngosuku). Ekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe. Amanzi kumele abe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
- Kubalulekile ukukhulula umhlaba uzungeze imbali ukuze unikeze umoya-mpilo ezimpandeni ukuze izimbali zibe ziningi.
- Ngo-Okthoba, udinga ukusika isitshalo bese umboza indawo yezimpande nge-mulch ukusivikela esiqandisini.
Ukusakazwa kweCampanula
Imbali isakazeka ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Imbewu
Le yindlela elula. Ukuhluma kwembewu kugcinwa unyaka wonke. Ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kube ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ezindebe noma emapulethini enomhlabathi omanzi oselungiselelwe, emva kwalokho imbewu kufanele ifafazwe ngenhlabathi.
Ukunisela kutuswa ukuba ungakhiqizi. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukufafaza ngokwanele. Kulokhu, izithasiselo zokwakheka kwezimpande zingasetshenziswa ukusiphula isitshalo esikhathini esifushane. Ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu, lesi sitshalo kufanele sitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izimbumbulu
Amahlumela obude be-10 cm anamaqabunga angama-2-3 ayanqunywa. Emahoreni angu-9 agcinwa kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (abanye abalimi batusa ukunciphisa lesi sikhathi sibe imizuzu engama-30), emva kwalokho bayifaka emanzini ahlanzekile bese belinda ukuthi izimpande zivele.
Ngokulandelayo, imbali itshalwa ebhodweni enomhlabathi olungiselelwe kusuka kusihlabathi nasephungathi. Izakhi zithathwa ngamanani alinganayo. Abasikiwe bangcwatshwa ngamasentimitha angama-2,5 kuya kwayi-81. Ukusheshisa ukubekelwa phansi, ikampanula imbozwe ngembiza yengilazi, inkomishi, iflask, isikhwama noma ifilimu. Kunconywa ukuthi ekuqaleni ukuthambisa akuqhutshwa, kukhawulwe ngokufafaza.
Isithombo esinezinyanga ezintathu ubudala singadluliselwa ebhodweni. Abanye abalimi batusa ukunciphisa lesi sikhathi sibe ngamaviki ama-4, lapho nje izithombo seziqala izimpande.
Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush
Lolu hlobo lokuzala lwenziwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo ibukeka kanjena:
- I-Rhizome ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi, ngayinye itshalwe ngokwahlukana.
- "Amanxeba" abulawa ngama-chaki ochotshoziwe, amalahle, isibabule se-colloidal noma isinamoni.
- Ngemuva kokufakelwa, izitshalo kufanele ziniselwe, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7, zivundiswe.
Izifo zaseCampanula nezinambuzane
| Izizathu | Izimpawu | Izincomo |
| Ukubola okumpunga | I-turgor yehlisiwe (amaqabunga aqala ukubuna). Kuvela amabala nemivimbo enamachaphaza amfushane namachashazi amnyama. | Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela, susa izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho sebenzisa ama-antifungal (fungicidal) agents, iFitosporin, ingxube yeBordeaux, iFitolavin. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Kuvela izitshalo eziluhlaza ezimnyama esihlahleni, iphunga elibi elimnandi livela emhlabathini. | Susa izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Fafaza izingxenye ezisikiwe ngamalahle. Ngemuva ukwelapha ngamalungiselelo fungicidal. |
| Izikhala zesicabucabu | Kushiya amaqabunga, ama-cobwebs avele ohlangothini lwasemuva. Kancane kancane bayoma. | Hlanza lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kweseshizi elifudumele, sula ngamanzi anensipho bese uphatha ngama-insecticides, anjengeSpark. Khulisa imvamisa yokunisela. |
| Isihlangu | Amaqabunga aba phuzi futhi aphuzi, abune bese awa. Kuvela kubo amashubhu ansundu nezinambuzane ezincane. | Sebenzisa isicoci se-vacuum, ithephu yokuhlikihla ukususa izinambuzane. Ngemuva kokwelapha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides. |
| Izingubo ezimhlophe | Kuvele izimvemvane ezincane ezimhlophe kuleso sitshalo. | |
| Ama-aphid | Izinambuzane ezincane ezinsundu ezimnyama zinamathela kumahlamvu amancane, amahlumela noma efihlekile. | Fafaza isitshalo ngensipho nangamanzi, ususe amaqabunga athintekile kanye namahlumela. Ngemuva kwalokho sebenzisa ama-insecticides noma amakhambi anephunga elinamandla (i-anyanisi husks, izicubu zikagwayi). |
| Ukukhanya okungaphezulu | Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi futhi alahlekelwe ukukhanya. | Hlela imbali kabusha endaweni enomthunzi. |
| Ukuntuleka kokukhanya | Iziqu zeluliwe futhi zamunwe. | Hlela kabusha isitshalo endaweni entsha ngokukhanya kwelanga okuningi. |
| Inhlabathi ebhloka amanzi | Amahlamvu aba okubabayo. | Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela. |
