Umsuka nezici zeGuzmania

IGuzmania (gusmania) ingulube yotshani njalo, isihlobo esiseduze sikaphayinaphu. Njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, saqala ukukhula kungekudala. Kutholakala ngemvelo emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo aseNdiya, eNingizimu Melika. Igama ngemuva kokutholwa - uSpaniard Anastasio Guzman. Isici saso isikhathi eside sokuqhakaza izimbali - sifinyelela ezinyangeni eziningana, emva kwalokho isitshalo sife, sishiya izingane.

Incazelo

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo - kuze kufike ku-80 cm, amaqabunga amade akha irosette ene-cm engu-20-25 cm. I-inflorescence isenkabeni, iqondile, ikhanya.

Isici sokuqhakaza ngombala okhanyayo wamabhulokhi, okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izimbali zona ngokwazo azizimbi. Lesi sitshalo yi-epiphyte, hhayi i-parasite.

Okubalulekile: ujusi wezitshalo ungadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba nemithi yomzimba, ngakho-ke abantu abanomkhuba wokuphendula ongezwani nawo akufanele baqale i-guzmania.

Izinhlobo zeGuzmania

Hlukanisa izinhlobo ezingama-200, ezinye zazo zikhulile ekhaya. Izelwe ezingaphezu kuka-10 nzalo.

Buka	Isici
UDonella Smith	amaqabunga: luhlaza, kufinyelela ku-60 cm ubude, ngezikali eziphaphathekile; inflorescence: iphiramidi engu-10 cm ukuphakama, ibomvu ekhanyayo; isikhathi sokuqhakaza: Ephreli-Meyi.
Kubomvu Igazi (Khulu)	amaqabunga: akhula irosette ngesimo esifana nengilazi; lapho izimbali ziba bomvu; akukho peduncle; isikhathi sokuqhakaza: kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti.
UMose	ishiya aze afike ku-70 cm, enemivimbo ngapha nangapha kweqabunga; i-peduncle pink egqamile, amabhulokhi abomvu; isikhathi sezimbali: Julayi-Agasti.
Umhlanga	ishiya kuze kube ngu-50 cm ubude ngemivimbo emnyama ngaphandle; i-peduncle ifushane ebomvu noma i-orange.
Omncane	yangaphandle iyafana nomhlanga (kusuka kwisisekelo sayo), kepha kuncane kakhulu; isikhathi sokuqhakaza: Februwari-Agasti; izinhlobo ezidumile - iRondo, i-Amaretto, iMadrasah.
I-Tempo	kanye nezinhlobo zokuzalela; kuhluke kumncane ngosayizi omkhulu.
IsiNicaraguan	amasayizi amancane; amahlamvu angaphandle apendwe nsundu; amabhlogo aphuzi kalamula; Ukuqhakaza kufushane, kepha kukhulu.
UConifera	i-peduncle ngommese okhanyayo (i-bump orange-red kwi-peduncle); etholakala endaweni yemvelo.
I-one-eared	Isiqu sezimbali eduze kwe-apex kancane siguqula umbala usuka kokuluhlaza kuya kobomvu; oqanjwe ngenxa yokubukeka efana nendlebe yommbila.
UZana	amaqabunga abomvu aphuzi aluhlaza anemithambo ebomvu; omabhulashini aphuzi.
I-Optima	ummeleli omkhulu, ukhula aze afike kumitha eyi-1; etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Hilda	ukuphakama kwezitshalo zabantu abadala kuze kufike ku-65 cm; brices ulamula ophuzi; izimbali zihlala izinyanga ezi-4.
Ostara	izinhlobo zokuzalela; ukuphakama kufike ku-50 cm; amaqabunga aluhlaza emerald agqamile; izimbali zihlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kuka-6.

IGuzmania Mix ukubekwa esitsheni esisodwa sezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.

Izici Zokuqukethwe

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya akudingi amakhono akhethekile.

Ipharamitha	Intwasahlobo - ihlobo	Ukuwa - ubusika
Indawo / Isibani	Isibani esihlakazekile. Ngenkathi lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, ungasihumushela ngokuphelele kokufakelwa.	Imisebe yelanga eqondile.
Ukushisa	+ 23 ... + 27 ° С
Ukunisela	Inhlabathi akufanele yome nsuku zonke. Thela irosette eyenziwe ngamahlamvu. Kuvunyelwe kuphela amanzi ahlanganisiwe noma ahlanziwe afudumele + 20 ° C.
Umanyolo	Kanye ngenyanga.	Kanye ezinyangeni ezingama-2-3.
Umswakama womoya	Ukufafaza kathathu ngosuku.	Fafaza nsuku zonke ekuseni.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-peduncle namaqabunga amadala okufa kumele anqunywe.

Kubalulekile: Amanzi kwi-bract anciphisa isikhathi sezimbali.

Umanyolo

Sebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile kuphela. Lapho uthenga, qiniseka ukubheka ukungabikho kwe-boron ne-zethusi. Umthamo usikwa uhhafu usuka kulokho okunconyelwe emiyalweni. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa ngokunisela.

Ukudluliselwa nokuzala: ukukhethwa kwembiza, inhlabathi

Isitshalo sidinga ukufaka okunye esikhundleni sokusakazeka kuphela futhi esimweni esingajwayelekile kakhulu (isifo, sibuyisela imbiza).

Ukudlulisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

kuhle ukuchitha umhlaba;
hamba amahora ambalwa;
khipha ngesineke isitsha epanini, uzama ukungabhubhisi inhlama yobumba;
beka ungqimba lwamanzi (kuyathandwa udaka olwandayo);
zibeke ngokweqiniso i-guzmania, ufafaze nomhlaba;
ukukha amanzi.

Isikhathi esifanele ukuphela kwenkathi yezimbali. Kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi ehlanganiswe ngomumo, ikakhulukazi izitshalo ze-bromeliad.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ihlanzwe.

Njengoba izimpande ze-guzmania zincane, ibhodwe kufanele futhi likhethwe ngosayizi omncane (ububanzi 10-12 cm), kepha liqinile.

Mhlawumbe ikakhulukazi ukwenza kube nzima kakhulu. Ububanzi bebhodwe kufanele bukhulu kancane kunohlelo lwezimpande. Kungcono ukuthatha i-ceramic ngezimbobo ezinhle zokudonsa amanzi. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zeGuzmania

Ukuzala

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, "izingane" zidonsa kusuka kusisekelo sazo. Njengoba zikhula, isitshalo esidala siyafa. Lapho kwenziwa uhlelo lwezimpande ezitshalweni ezincane (okungenani 1 cm), zihlukaniswa ngommese obukhali kusuka kusitshalo somama futhi zitshalelwe ebhodweni elihlukile. Amaphuzu okusika kufanele aphathwe nge-var. Ukwakha izinga lentuthu lomswakama, amboze nge-polyethylene.

IGuzmania nayo isakazeka kusetshenziswa imbewu. Inqubo

imbewu okufanele ibulawe amagciwane, njengoba isime ikhambi le-potanganum permanganate;
fafaza ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, cindezela ngobumnene;
fafaza ngamanzi;
amboze ngesikhwama sepulasitiki ukudala "abamba ukushisa";
qapha izinga lomswakama kanye lokushisa (hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 25 ° С);
ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, lapho amahlumela ekhula, susa ifilimu;
etshalwe emva kokuntywila.

I-guzmania encane ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ukubanakekela kuyafana nesitshalo esidala. Awukwazi ukubatshala esitshalweni somama (kwanele ukususa ngokucophelela okudala), kulokhu, izimbali zizoba ngonyaka.

Izifo, izilokazane namaphutha ekunakekelweni

Njengomthetho, zonke izifo zale mbali ziyimiphumela yokunakekelwa okungafanele noma umphumela wokulimala kwezinambuzane.

Izimpawu zangaphandle	Isizathu	Isixazululo
Ukuphonswa okunamathelayo, amaqabunga aphuzi.	Isihlangu.	Ukucubungula ikhambi le-insipho-utshwala. Sika ingxenye elimele.
Iwebhu yesigcawu.	Thikha	Khulisa umswakama, ungene egumbini, uma kulimala kakhulu, phatha ngesinambuzane.
Imibala emhlophe.	I-Mealybug.	Susa ngomshini, izingxenye ezonakele nazo zingancishiswa.
Amabhuluki amancane ayindilinga emacembe.	Isifo sokukhunta.	Isitshalo esinegciwane kufanele sibhujiswe (singalashwa).
Aluqhakaza.	Akukho ukukhanya nokushisa okwanele, okungenzeka umswakama ngokweqile.	Buyekeza ukunakekelwa.
Amathiphu ansundu.	Amanzi awenele.	Khulisa ukuthambisa.
Umnyama wamaqabunga.	Ukuntuleka kokukhanya.	Shintsha indawo.
Amaqabunga aqhakaza.	Ukukhanya okungaphezulu.	Shintsha ukubekwa noma umise isitshalo.
Amaqabunga anonile.	Amanzi amile.	Omile, yekisa okwesikhashana ukuthambisa.
Akukhuli.	Umhlabathi ompofu noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya.	Okuphakelayo, shintsha indawo.
Amacembe asomile.	Umoya omile.	Khulisa ukufafaza.

Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze

Kunezimpawu nezinkolelo-ze eziningana ngalesi sitshalo. Phakathi kwabantu bomdabu baseNingizimu Melika, kubhekwa njengophawu lwamandla owesilisa. Lokhu kunesizathu sesayensi, ngoba i-guzmania ikhiqiza i-aphrodisiac yemvelo. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi le mbali iletha ukuthula nobumbano endlini nasemndenini. Futhi kuwuphawu lwengcebo nokuchuma.