I-Mimulus - Isitshalo se-Ornamental, esithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi, futhi saziwa ngokuthi imbali ye-jastik. I-Mimulus ikhulile kusuka ezinhlathini ezivulekile zemifino futhi njengembali yangaphakathi.
Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezimbili ze-mimulus - ingwe kanye nokushona kwelanga ebusika. Eyokuqala ibhekwa yizimbali ezimnandi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimhlophe, ezimbozwe ngamachashaza emaphethelweni, afana nengwenya yengwe.
Ebusika i-sunset izimbali zigcwele amabala amnandi asemakhasini amnyama endaweni elula.
Uyazi? Umlando wegama lesi sitshalo unezinguquko eziningana. Ngokomunye wabo, i-etymology yegama elithi Mimulus ihlotshaniswa negama lesiLatini elithi mime - magician, mime. Omunye uhlanganisa igama negama lesiLatini imimo - monkey. Ngenxa yale nguqulo, singasho ukuthi i-halo ye-mimulus ifana nesimo sombukiso we-monkey. AmaMelika abuye abize lezi zitshalo zezimbali zezinambuzane - izimbali ze-monkey. Kodwa-ke, ezweni lakithi, ngoba i-petal ephansi iqhume phambili futhi imbali ephakeme ibuyele emuva, bayayibiza ngokuthi gubastik.
Ukwandisa i-mimulyusa ngokusebenzisa izithombo
I-Mimulus - isitshalo esingapheli, nokho, kuvame ukutshala emgwaqeni ophakathi nonyaka. Imbewu ye-mimulyus encane kakhulu, cishe njengothuli. Ngogesi owodwa ungabala izinhlamvu ezincane eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhombisa. Kungenzeka kube mnyama noma kukhanya.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu mimulyusa kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili - ngokusebenzisa izithombo noma ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Lapho ukuhlwanyela imbewu izithombo
Ukutshala izithombo ze-mimulyus zenziwa amangqamuzana akhethekile wezithombo, ezifakwa efasiteleni, emgodini noma endaweni yokushisa evuthayo.
Lapho uqala ukuhlwanyela i-mimulyus ezitshalweni, kuncike esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu: ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu, kuphephile ukuqala ukuhlwanyela ngasekupheleni kukaFebruwari, ezindaweni ezibandayo, kungcono ukuyeka ukuhlwanyela isiponji kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMashi noma kuze kube sekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ngoba uma sekuyisikhathi sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kunzima ukumpande.
Sakhetha inhlabathi
I-Mimulus ikhula kahle enhlabathini ecebile kumanyolo ophilayo, ngakho inhlabathi yezithombo kufanele ikhethwe izakhi ezine-acid ephansi noma engathathi hlangothi (izinga le-pH lisuka ku-5.5 kuya ku-5.8). Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi yonke indawo esitolo, kodwa kufanele ifakwe isanti, ngoba isitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi evulekile, kanye ne-peat, humus noma enye into ephilayo.
Inhlabathi ekahle yezolimo izitshalo zisetshenziswa ingxube ye-turf ne-leaf soil, i-peat, isihlabathi nesi-humus ku-1: 2: 1: 1: 3. Kunoma yikuphi, umhlabathi esitsheni sezitshalo kufanele ube buthakathaka, umswakama futhi uphefumule. Futhi ungakhohlwa ngohlaka oluhle lwamanzi.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu encane mimulyus
Isayizi encane yembewu ye-mimulus inquma ubuchwepheshe bokulima.
Kubalulekile! Ungagubi imbewu kakhulu; lokhu kungathinta kakhulu ukuhluma.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu emakhasethi alungisiwe, zimboze ngeglasi noma ifilimu ukuze umhlaba ungabe usomile. Ngenxa yalokhu ungasebenzisa nezinkomishi ezilahla kalula, uma kunesidingo, ngaphambi kokunqunywa ekuphakameni okufunayo.
Indlela yokunakekela amahlumela okuqala
Uma imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokunembile, amahlumela okuqala angabonakala kungakapheli isonto. Ebusini lokushisa ekamelweni elipholile (kufika ku-18 ° C), imbewu izovela kancane kancane. Amanzi umhlaba ngalesi sikhathi awukwazi - imbewu ye-mimulus iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ingonakaliswa ngisho nokucindezelwa kwamanzi kancane. Ukugcina umhlaba unomswakama, kudinga ukuhlaziywa ukufutha.
Uma izimpande zokuqala zivela, ukulawula umswakama wenhlabathi kudinga ukuqiniswa - ngakolunye uhlangothi, amahlumela amancane adinga inhlabathi ethambile futhi engomisiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungcola ngokweqile kungaholela ekutsheni ukubola nokudala isifo esingenangqondo sefungal okuthiwa "umlenze omnyama".
Ngemuva kokuba izithombo zifake izithombo, izitsha zihanjiswe endaweni epholile (10 degrees) ukuze izithombo zingaqhubeki ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kudingekile ukunciphisa ubukhulu bokunisela, inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu ingonakalisa izithombo. Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwezitshalo ze-mimulyus ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kuhle ngokwanele.
Izithombo ze-Dive ezitsheni ezihlukene
Emasontweni amabili emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, lapho izithombo zenzelwe amaqabunga amaqiniso 2-3, kufanele kube swoop phansi. Imbewu encane ye spongy ayivumeli ukuba itshalwe ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke izithombo zigcwele kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izitshalo azikwazi ukukhula ngendlela evamile futhi ziphazamisane.
Isikhathi esikhethwe kahle sokukhetha - ukubukeka kwezimpande zokuqala zezithombo kusuka ekuvuleni okuphansi kwesitsha. Ngesikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela nokuhluma okujwayelekile kule ndawo, izithombo zidinga ukuhlala endlini ezinyangeni ezilodwa nesigamu, hhayi emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa isitsha esincane kakhulu futhi omningi omakhelwane bayoba nethonya elibi ekukhuleni.
Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi izitshalo kufanele zifakelwe zibe iziqukathi ezinkulu ukuze izithombo zibe nesikhala esanele sokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Iphepha elilodwa lesikhathi, i-peat noma amapulasitiki epulasitiki ka-150-200 g afanelekile ukufakelwa kabusha.
Esigodini ngasinye esinjalo ungakwazi ukutshala ngokucophelela izitshalo ezine.
Ngaphambi kokukhipha, izithombo kufanele ziphuze kahle futhi zishiye amahora ambalwa ukuze umhlaba unomsoco ngokwanele. I-pod ngayinye kufanele ibe i-spatula encane, ipensela noma induku ye-sushi, kodwa kungcono nakakhulu ukuthi ubuso bebubanzi. Awukwazi ukuthatha ihlumela ngonyawo, ungakwazi ukusekela kuphela amaqabunga endle.
Ukudonsa isithombo, udinga ngokucophelela phonsa umgogodla wakhe oyinhlokoukugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande. Khona-ke isithombo sinamathele emzimbeni olungiselelwe emhlabathini webhodlela elisha ngaphansi kwezinga lokukhula. Le ndlela iqhubekela phambili inqubo yokuqothula futhi ihlinzekela ukufakelwa okukhulu okulandelayo.
Ukutshala kwe-mimulyus ekhulile embila embhede
Imbewu ye-mimulyus inomusa kakhulu futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa inenzuzo eyodwa engenakuphikiswa: ngokutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa kwezithombo, lesi sitshalo siphuthuma kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, izitshalo ezincane ziqala ukuqhakaza ekupheleni konyaka ka-spring, kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi sokutshala izithombo embhede wembali.
Lapho ukutshala izithombo
Uma intwasahlobo yayifudumele, kanti ukuhlwanyela kwembewu yezithombo kwakwenziwa kakhulu kakhulu, izithombo ze-mimulyusa zingatshalwa ensimini engemuva ngaphandle kokukhethwa kuqala. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezijwayelekile, izithombo ezifakwe emanzini afakwa emhlabathini embhedeni wembali ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, isitshalo kufanele sikhule kakade futhi sibe namandla. Isikhathi esihle sezithombo ngaphambi kokutshala amaviki ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8.
Ukutshala izithombo zezitshalo
I-mimulus ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini engavamile neyandulelwa ngaphambili ne-humus kanye ne-peat endaweni engeyona ilanga kakhulu, njengoba lesi sitshalo singashisa futhi sife ngaphansi kwemisebe ekhanyayo. Izitshalo zokutshala akudingeki ukuba inqwaba, ibanga eliphakathi kwezimo ezihlukile akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-20 cm.
Izindaba ezinhle kulabo abanesithakazelo ukuthi kudala isikhathi esingakanani emva kokutshala izimbali ezimibalalayo: Uma ukhula isitshalo ngendlela yokutshala, ungayithanda imbali phakathi kukaMeyi.
Ezinye izindlela zokutshala nokuzala i-mimulyus
Indlela evamile yokukhiqiza i-mimulyusa ikhula izithombo, kodwa ezinye izinketho zingenzeka.
Uyazi? Uma izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-mimulus zikhulile emakhaleni, zilula pereopolyat. Imbewu eqoqwe kusuka ezintshalweni ezinjalo ingase ijabulise ngemibala engalindelekile ngonyaka ozayo.
Ukutshala imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma ungafuni ukubumba ngezithombo, ungahlwanyela isiponji ngqo embhedeni wembali. Uhlangothi olungalungile lendlela kule ndawo yokuqala emva kokuqala kwezimbali, ekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ngoJuni, lapho izithombo ezitshalisiwe sezivele ziqhakaza, ungaqala ukuhlwanyela imvelo endaweni evulekile.
Ku-mimulus ehlwanyela ngqo embhedeni wensimu, inkathi yezimbali ihlehliselwa ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ngisho nokuqala kwekwindla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlwanyela okuhlwanyelwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngokuvamile kubuthakathaka, ngokuhlwanyela ekuqaleni amahlumela kungaqhwaza, ngokuhlwanyela kwesikhathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kungashisa ilanga elishisayo, ngakho-ke le ndlela ayibhekwa njengeyasebenza.
Ukufudumala kokutshala i-mimulyusa emazweni avulekile kumele kufinyeleleke ngokushisa kwama-degree angu-15, mhlawumbe, ngisho nomoya ufudumele ngisho nangaphezulu. Izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe kumele zivele zimbozwe ngokushesha.
Ukuhlwanyela ukujula, njengasendabeni yezithombo, akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu. Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, lapho sezivele zinamandla kakhulu, izitshalo kumele zihlelwe ububanzi, lapho izithombo zitshalwe khona emhlabathini ovulekile (20-30 cm phakathi kwama-specimens).
Cuttings
Izindlela zokutshala izitshalo zokukhiqiza zibhekwa ngokuphumelelayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngakho, entwasahlobo lesi sitshalo singasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, kanti ehlobo - ngosizo lwe-cuttings eluhlaza.
Le ndlela ibuye ikhetheke ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ze-mimulus eziwusizo, ngoba imbewu etholakala esitshalweni somama akulondolozi njalo izimfanelo ezizalisayo.
Kusukela kumuthi omdala, ngemva kokuphela, ukusika kunqunywe, okumele kube okungenani ama-internodes amabili. Isiqu esinjalo singatshala esihlabathini noma inhlanganisela ye-agroperlite-peat, ehlanganiswe nefilimu ukuze igweme ukuma. Emasontweni amathathu nje kuphela, isiqu esinjalo sithatha izimpande, emva kwalokho singafakwa ngokucophelela endaweni enomphela.
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwe-mimulyus kwi-flowerbed
Uma ukhathalela imithi, ukukhanya okuhle akubalulekile kakhulu (lesi sitshalo singaneliseka nge-penumbra), njengokwakheka, ukuchelela nokufaka umanyolo.
Ukunamathisela phezulu - kuyadingeka?
Izithombo ezincane ze-gubastik zidinga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka phina - Lokhu kuzonikeza isitshalo nge-branching enhle. Imifino ye-mimulus ikhulile kusukela izithombo zivele ngokushesha emva kokufika (amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu amasha - kanti isitshalo siqala ukuqhuma), ngakho-ke akufanele ungaphuthelwa umzuzu wokugcoba ukuze ungadingi ukuphuza amahlumela amancane.
Isihlahla esakhiwe sibukeka sihle kakhulu, sinyene kakhulu futhi sakhula masinyane, futhi kukhona izimbali eziningi esihlahleni esinjalo kunomunye ongakaqedwa. Ukuze i-puff ibe ngcono kangcono ukwakha futhi iqhakaze kakhulu, kuyadingeka njalo trim omisa amahlumela.
Ukunisela nokudla
Ukuphuza imithi ye-mimulyus kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhuba njalo eshisayo, ukuvimbela ukuma emhlabathini. Yondla isitshalo ukuqala izithombo: Ngokushesha nje lapho isiponji sakha iqabunga lokuqala eliyiqiniso, kuyadingeka ukwengeza umanyolo we-nitrogen nama-potash emanzini okunisela.
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-mimulyus ayinconywa ukuba igcwaliswe nge-nitrogen, lapho isitshalo sikhula khona ukuphakama kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emazingeni aphezulu okushisa.
Ngemuva kokutshala ummilawu emhlabathini ovulekile, kusukela ngesonto lesithathu, kuyadingeka ukondla isiponji ngamaminerali amaminerali ezitshalweni zezimbali, uphinda inqubo 1.5 - izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.
Ukuze i-mimulyus ikhule kangcono, ingakhulelwa kanye noma kabili nge-magnesium sulfate.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngezinye izikhathi amaMimulyus ahlupheka kusuka emanzini kanye namashubhukodwa lokhu kuvela ekugxilweni komhlaba kabanzi. Uma indawo lapho isiponji ikhula khona ibe yimanzi kakhulu, lesi sitshalo kumele sihlanganiswe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-sawdust noma utshani kulolu njongo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho ngenhla "imilenze emnyama"okuyinto evela ekunkeleni ngokweqile, ngokuvamile i-mimulus ihlasela i-powdery isikhutha. Ukulwa nalesi sifo kuyadingeka ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ze-fungicidal.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mimulyus kumklamo wezwe
UMimulius uyisitshalo esihle kakhulu sokuhlobisa. Liyasetshenziswa kakhulu emapulazini embali, litshalwe eceleni kwemigwaqo, futhi lufakwe emaphandleni ase-alpine. I-sponge ingahlwanyelwa ukugcwalisa izindawo ezingenalutho kwisayithi. Izimbali ezikhanyayo nezimnandi mimulyus zibukeka zizodwa, ngaphandle "ukwesekwa" okwengeziwe. Noma kunjalo, i-gubastik ibukeka kahle ihaqwe izitshalo ezifana i-buttercups, ama-periwinkles, i-saxifrage, kanye ne-phlox, i-rusp, i-astilba, i-ageratum.
Abaqambi bemvelo bayathanda kakhulu imishini yokuthi iyisihlobiso esihle sezindawo ezimanzi, amachibi okufakelwa noma izindawo ezinomthunzi ensimini, lapho ezinye izimbali zizwa zingakhululekile.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezihlotshwe ngokukhethekile ze-mimulyus, iziqu zazo, ezimbozwe izimbali ezithokozayo, zilenga ngendlela efanayo ezimbizeni ezilenga. Lona umhlobiso wangempela hhayi kuphela wendawo evulekile, kodwa futhi nebhokisi evamile efulethini lomuzi.
Ekugcineni, izinhlobo ezithile zesiponji (obomvu nokubomvu) zikhula emanzini. Iziqukathi ezinalezi zitshalo ziyancishiselwa phansi phansi emgodini (hhayi ngaphansi kwe-cm 10), futhi izimbali ezinhle ziqhakaza phezulu.
