IMango isitshalo esiyingqayizivele somndeni wakwaSumakhov, izwe lakubo lingamahlathi ashisayo aseNdiya. Lesi sihlahla esingenakungabazeki, ekhaya sifinyelela ukuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-1,5. Emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezifanelekileyo kufanele ikhule ibe ngamamitha angama-50.
Umbala wama-greens amnandi, aluhlaza ocebile ohlangothini lwangaphambili futhi udonsa ngemuva. Amaqabunga amancane anombala opinki, okwenza umuthi ubukeke nakakhulu. Izithelo zemango zinesisindo kusuka ku-250 g kuya ku-1 kg. Izithelo zigcwele amavithamini kanye namaminerali, umnikazi wokuqoshwa wokuqukethwe kwe-folic acid, i-magnesium, i-potassium, i-iron, i-phosphorus, amavithamini A, C, uE.
Uma ufuna ukukhulisa imango embewini, kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezifanele, esizobhala ngazo ngezansi.
Ungakhula kanjani imango ekhaya?
Isifiso sokukhulisa imango sikhawulela abalimi ekutsaleni izinto ezibonakalayo. Kutholakala ithambo kuphela. Kepha lokhu kwanele ukuthola isihlahla sokuqala esingajwayelekile eqoqweni lakho lasekhaya.
Ukukhetha kwezithelo
Isimo esikhulu ukukhethwa kwesithelo esinethambo elifanele, lapho ungakhulisa khona isitshalo sekhwalithi. Kufanele yanelise amapharamitha alandelayo:
- qhakaza, uqinile, ungonakalisi;
- ungabi nesikhumba esishelelayo noma esilukhuni;
- iphunga le-resin, ikakhulukazi umsila;
- umongo kufanele uhambeke kalula kude nethambo.
Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nokufanele
Itshe lihlanzwa ngokucophelela ukuze lingaboli ngenxa yepulpiti esele. Kuzithelo ezisetshenzisiwe, zingaqhekeka. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi ukuze ihlumela elivele livele lingonakali. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala imango nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuqala kwehlobo. Izindlela:
- Thatha lonke ithambo bese ulicwilisa ekugcineni kwalo okukhonjelwe phansi, cishe ¾, emhlabathini (izitshalo ezigelezayo zasendlini noma izikelemu ezihlanganiswa nezingxenyana ezincane zamatshe, udaka olwandisiwe). Dala uhlobo lwe-mini-greenhouse ngaphezulu kwalo, isibonelo, ibhodlela lepulasitiki elitshaliwe. Beka isitsha egumbini elinomswakama ophezulu. Amanzi njalo ekushiseni kwegumbi. Le ndlela inenkinga yokubuyela emuva: ngenxa yegobolondo elinzima, ihlumela lingabhoboza kuphela emva kwenyanga noma ngaphezulu.
- Ungasheshisa inqubo ngokuvula kancane ithambo ngommese kusuka ekugcineni okubukhali futhi ulifakwe emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24. Lapho-ke kudingeka ukuthi uyipakishe ngokweqile esikhwameni sepulasitiki, uthele amanzi amancane lapho. Beka ipuleti (noma noma iyiphi indawo eyisicaba) ezokunikeza ukufinyelela kokushisa, kodwa kungavumeli ukushiswa, bese ubeka kubhethri. Lapho umnyombo uvuleke ngokuphelele, uveze igciwane lesithombo ngomgogodla, vula isikhwama bese ungeza njalo amanzi ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama. Awukwazi ukweqisa, ngaphandle kwalokho igciwane lizokubola. Lapho izimila zidluliselwa emhlabathini.
- Uma igobolondo linzima futhi lapho imbewu ivulwa, igciwane lingalimala, lifake le yokugcina emanzini afudumele kancane, bese uyibeka efasiteleni elangeni. Ngemuva kokushintsha amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili. Futhi lapho ithambo lithamba, zama ukulivula.
- Ngokuvula okulula, ungawususa ngokucophelela umnyombo, uwumboze ngesicubu esenziwe ngamanzi afudumele bese ngaleli fomu lijula ​​emhlabathini. Njengokutshala ithambo elijwayelekile, kushiya ukuphela okufushane phezulu.
- Ungasusa umgogodla futhi, ugoge ngendwangu emanzi, ubeke endaweni efudumele esosweni ngamanzi, uqaphe njalo izinga layo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwesithombo, setshale emhlabathini okhanyayo kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-2-3. Gcina umswakama womhlaba ngokunisela njalo ihlumela elitshaliwe.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukunakekela isihlahla somango kulula kakhulu.
Indawo
Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi, ngakho-ke kufanele sibekwe endaweni enokhanya kahle. Ngokukhanya okunganele, imango izothambekela kakhulu ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane.
Ukukhetha kwebhodwe, inhlabathi
Isitshalo sinohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhetha ithangi elikhulu elijulile elinephansi elinamandla ngokuqinile. Lokhu ngeke kuvume ukuthi izimpande zibhoboze. Imbiza iyadingeka kusuka ezintweni zemvelo ukuze inhlabathi nezimpande zikwazi ukuphefumula, futhi umango ngokwawo ungakhipha umswakama ongadingekile.
Ingqimba yokudonsa (ubumba olwandisiwe) kufanele ihlale okungenani ingxenye yesithathu yethangi, ukuze kuthi ngesikhathi sokunisela kakhulu ukuvikela ukubola kwenhlabathi.
Ukukhula kahle kwe-rooting nokukhula kahle kwezitshalo kungenzeka ku-microclimate efudumele nenomswakama.
Ukutshala ithambo, ihlumela noma isitshalo esincane kufanele kwenziwe enhlabathini ekhanyayo, ngokusabela kwe-acid ephakathi. Ungathatha umxube ophelile we-cacti, ufake inhlabathi encane kuwo. Noma zilungiselele ngokwakho: ishidi lokuxuba, umhlaba wesoddy ngokulingana okulinganayo nesihlabathi (umfula kuphela noma ichibi). Lezi zokugcina zingathathelwa indawo amakhukhunathi kakhukhunathi, nge-sphagnum, vesiculitis.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ugcinwe ezingeni elanele. Kepha ngaphandle kokuzamazamisa umhlaba, njengoba ukubola kungavela. Ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba umswakama owengeziwe emaqabungeni ungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta nokubumba.
Ukuze ulondoloze i-acidity yenhlabathi esebenza kahle ngokhuni, kufanele kufakwe amaconsi ambalwa kalamula kalamula noma uviniga.
Ukuqinisekisa umswakama odingekayo, ungabeka u-coconut fiber noma ubumba olwandisiwe epanini lokuthosa. Izitshalo zozakwethu zizosiza nokugcina umswakama - okukhona eziseduzane zizokwakha umswakama omkhulu egumbini.
Uma unisela, udinga ukwengeza i-Epin, i-Ammonium nitrate, i-Ammonium sulfate, i-Potassium humate, cishe izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngenyanga.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Udinga ukuzenza njalo, kepha akukho ziqandisi, ngoba lokhu kungadala ukwenaba kwenhlabathi - okuzolimaza kabi izinga lokukhula.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba izihlahla ziqhakaze, engeza i-vermicompost (ungayifaka esikhundleni somanyolo wanoma yiluphi u-citrus kanye nezihlahla zesundu) - okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kuvusa ukukhula kwe-biomass eluhlaza;
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-organics - ukumiliselwa womquba, amaqabunga e-nettle, ama-dandelion. Uma kungenzeki ukubuyisela esikhundleni sakhe nganoma yimuphi umanyolo ofanele izihlahla zezithelo.
Ukufakelwa
Uma ekuqaleni ihlumela lalitshalwe ebhodweni elincane, khona-ke ukufakelwa kokuqala kungcono kakhulu kungakenzeki ngaphambi konyaka. Isitshalo asilubekezeleli kahle futhi singaphendula ngokulahla amaqabunga noma ngisho nokufa.
Inketho engcono ukukhetha ngokushesha imbiza enobukhulu obuhle lapho umango ungakhula khona iminyaka eminingana.
Ukwakheka komqhele
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, kufanelekile ukunamathisela phezulu njalo, kwakheka amahlumela aseceleni nokwakheka kwesihlahla okufudumele.
Ukuthena imango kumane kudingekile - kuzonciphisa ukukhula komqhele wayo, ukwakha isimo esifanele.
Ukusika kufanelekile amagatsha awonakalisiwe aqondiswe phansi futhi angqongqoza usayizi wesihlahla oshiwo Udinga ukuncipha cishe ukusuka endaweni yokukhula, ushiye iziqu kube ngu-2-3 mm, usuka esiqwini esikhulu. Umuthi uyakubekezelela ukwakheka kahle, kepha kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekwindla ngemuva kokuvunwa (uma umuthi uthela izithelo).
Ezokuphepha
Imango elikhula efulethini alinangozi eyanele; isihlahla akuyona into ebiyelana nayo.
Umhlali wasehlobo: kungenzeka ukuthi uthole imango ekhaya
Isitshalo esitshalwe embewini ngeke sivele siqhume futhi sithele izithelo, ikakhulukazi uma imbewu ithathwe emimangweni yokuhlukahluka ethengiwe esitolo, hhayi kwalezo ezikhula endle. Ungathola isitshalo esithela izithelo ngokugoma. Uma kungenzeka, lokhu kungenziwa ezindaweni zokufunda ezikhethekile:
- Ukugoma ngokuhluma. Ukuze uthole inoculation, sika izinso ngocezu lwamagxolo esihlahleni sithelo. Ummese kufanele ungabinayo ucwebe futhi ubukhali ukuze uvikele ukulimala okungadingekile esitshalweni. Esihlahleni sawo, yenza ukwakheka okufana nokwhlamvu T, ugobe kahle imiphetho yegxolo bese ufaka izinso elisikiwe. Khipha umoya ngokucophelela bese ulinda ukuthi ihlume.
- Ukugoma ngesibambo. Ngale ndlela, ingaphezulu lehlumela lingaxhunyelelwa ubude obungama-15 cm. Isihloko esingaphezulu sokuhola kanye nokusikwa kusikwa ekhoneni, kuhlanganiswe futhi kufakwe ngokuqinile ukuze ukuskena kwenzeke. Kungcono ukuqeda ngetheyiphu yokuxhunyelelwa, kepha ungasebenzisa i-tepi kagesi, udaka noma ucezwana lweteyiphu yokunamathela.
Kusukela esikhathini sokuxhunyelelwa kokuqhakaza izimbali zokuqala, kudlula iminyaka emi-2.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke emva kwezinsuku eziyi-100, kuzovela izithelo ezivuthiwe, zilungele ukuvunwa. Kepha kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isihlahla esikulungele ukuqhakaza ukuqhakaza nezithelo kumele sondliwe njalo sidliwe.
