Akuzenzekeli ukuthi iCherry Orchard ibe ngesinye sezithombe ezihlaba umxhwele futhi eziqondakalayo kakhulu ezincwadini zaseRussia. Leli siko liyinto ejwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Njengomntwana, sonke sasiphatha ujamu we-cherry kusuka embizeni, futhi ematafuleni ethu amaholide kwakuhlala kuyindawo yemijeke enephutha nge-compote ye-cherry. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ucabange ngengadi ngaphandle kwalesi siko esithandekayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuze kube manje, abafuyi bezitshalo bahlukanise inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zama-cherries. Futhi namhlanje sizokhuluma ngoRobin - uhlobo lwakudala lwe-cherry ejwayelekile e-USSR.
Izincazelo ezahlukahlukene Robin
Ukukhiqizwa nokuhlolwa kwezinhlobo zeMalinovka cherry kwaqala ku-VSTISP ngonyaka we-1978, futhi kwafakwa kwiRegional State of Izinhloboee ngo-1989 esifundeni saseCentral, Middle Volga (Samara Region, Republic of Mordovia) kanye nase-Ural (Republic of Bashkortostan).
Ama-Raspberry cherries ayisihlahla esiphakathi nendawo esiphakathi kwamamitha ayi-4,5 ukuphakama. I-Crohn ye-medium kwabantu, eyindilinga. Amacembe acwebezelayo nangonqenqemeni oluqinile.
Amajikijolo abomvu, abomvu ngombala omnyama ngombala, azungezayo, aphakathi ngosayizi, afika eminyakeni emi-3-4. Imbewu zinkulu, kepha zihlukaniswe kalula epulpiti, elinambithelo omnandi, omnandi nomuncu. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, siba sekupheleni kukaJulayi - ukuqala kuka-Agasti. Amajikijolo akhiwa kuphela kumagatsha wonyaka. URobin uqala ukuthela izithelo eneminyaka engu-3-5.
IRobin yizinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe, kepha lokhu akusho neze ukuthi ikhula kumahektha kuphela futhi kuvunwa ngamathani ngezinhloso zezimboni. Isimo sobuchwepheshe sisho ukuthi izithelo zale cherry zilungele ukwenza ama-compote, ama-preservation, ama-jams kanye nama-jellies.
Ilungele izithelo nezithelo ezihlotshisiwe
Ukuphazamiseka okuyinhloko kwezinhlobonhlobo ukuzala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kude neRobin kubalulekile ukutshala ama-cherries anoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lokuphalaza. Kulesi simo kuphela lapho kuzovela amajikijolo okulindelwe isikhathi eside esikhundleni sezimbali. Abavuni abahamba phambili bezinhlobo zikaRobin: iVladimirskaya, iLyubskaya neShubinka.
Ukuzenzisa (noma i-auto-sterility) kuyinto ejwayelekile phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zomndeni wama-apula. Amapulangwe, ama-cherries, amapheya kanye nezihlahla ze-apula kuvame ukutholakala kukho. Uma impova yezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo ifinyelela ku-pestle yalokhu okuhlukahlukene, ukuvundiswa akwenzeki futhi amajikijolo akufanele alindelwe. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ukuthi uma ngabe izici zezinhlobonhlobo zingakhonjiswanga njengezokuzala, khona-ke mhlawumbe kungezenzalo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zibekezelela noma iqhwa elinzima ngaphansi kwama-degrees angama-25, yize ezinye izimbali zimboza iqhwa emazingeni okushisa anjalo ngokweqile, kodwa lokhu akulethi ukulimaza okuningi esitshalweni.
Ukumelana nezifo kwehlukile: ku-coccomycosis - ngaphansi kwesilinganiso, kuya ku-moniliosis - kubuthakathaka.
Ukutshala izinhlobo zama-cherin ama-robin
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-cherries yintwasahlobo. Kepha kungcono ukuthenga isipompo ekwindla bese usimba endaweni, usimboze ngamagatsha e-fir spruce ebusika. Inketho enhle yokutshala ama-cherries ajwayelekile yisithombo eneminyaka emibili engama-60 cm ukuphakama.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo enhle yama-cherries. Gwema indawo ezinamanzi, ezinomswakama; ama-cherries akhetha izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle enomhlabathi ongathathi hlangothi. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele alale eduze kwamanzi, futhi ukujula kweqhwa ebusika akufanele kudlule imitha eyodwa. Uma isiza sakho sinenhlabathi enama-acid, kufanele sikhiqizwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, fafaza i-0,5 kg yelimu endaweni yesikwele esingu-1. m. futhi bambe phezu kovalo lwefosholo. Esikhundleni se-lime, ufulawa we-dolomite nawo ungasetshenziswa. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukumboza inhlabathi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umanyolo we-organic. Kungcono ukufeza i-liming ekwindla - ngo-Okthoba, futhi ukufaka ama-organics entwasahlobo - ngo-Ephreli. Futhi ngesikhathi sokulungiselela yenza umanyolo we-organic. Umquba noma umquba wengezwa ngesilinganiso sama-8-10 kg nge-1 sq.m. ugaye ekujuleni kwe-bayonet.
Izithombo zeCherry nazo zingasuswa "zivuseleleke" ngokuzifaka kusisombululo sethsisi sokukhula kwezimpande, ngokwesibonelo, kuKornevin. Umuthi ujutshwe ngesilinganiso sezipuni ezi-1 ilitha elilodwa lamanzi. Uhlelo lwezimpande lwezinto zokutshala lubekwa kulesi sixazululo amahora angama 12-16 ngaphambi kokutshala. Inqubo elula enjalo izonyusa izinga lokusinda lesithombo.
Manje yisikhathi sokulungiselela imigodi yokufika. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngamamitha amathathu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi iRobin idinga impova. Ukuze uthole lokhu, kuyadingeka ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana zamakheli ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokufanelekile, izinhlobo ezine kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha. Iphethini yokufikisa: 2,5 x 3 m.
- Simba umgodi obukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-80 nobukhulu obungama-50-60 cm. Sibeka eceleni ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi ngokwahlukana, kufanele luhlanganiswe ne-organic, umanyolo wamaminerali nomlotha.
- Maphakathi nomgodi, sizofaka isikhonkwane esingaba ngu-80 cm ukuphakama ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
- Siqala ukugcwalisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi, ezolala phansi ngesigaxa, lapho kulula ukubeka nokusabalalisa izimpande zesithombo. Khumbula ukushaya inhlabathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi intamo yezimpande isezingeni lomhlabathi noma amasentimitha ambalwa ukuphakama. I-Cherry ayikubekezeleli ukujula ngokweqile.
- Lapho ufaka inhlabathi, bamba isiqu somuntu omncane oqinisile.
- Sichitha uRobin osanda kutshalwa ngebhakede lamanzi (cishe amalitha ayi-10) bese sibopha esikhonkwaneni.
- I-Mulch isiyingi se-mulch Peat.
Ividiyo: Imithetho yokutshala ama-cherry
Nakekela cherries ezinhlobonhlobo Robin
Ngaphambi kokuqala izithelo, ukunakekela ama-cherries kulula kakhulu. Uma utshale i-seedling ngesikhathi sokutshala, khona-ke umanyolo awusadingeki. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuqeda ukhula, unisele i-cherry ngesimo sezulu esishisayo futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukhulula inhlabathi. NgoSepthemba, bamba inhlabathi isiyingi esisondelene nesiqu, kepha hhayi ngokujula kuka-10 cm, izimpande zamakhherubi zisondele ebusweni. Ungashiyi imfucuza ngaphansi kwesihlahla ebusika, lokhu kuyindawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane, kubandakanya ama-pathogen we cococycosis.
Lapho i-cherry iqala ukuqhakaza futhi ithela izithelo, ukuyinakekela kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe.
- Isimo sezulu esishisayo, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezimbali, okuqhakaza izimbali noma izithelo, ama-cherries adinga umswakama owengeziwe, ngakho-ke awunisele okungenani ngamabhakede amathathu amanzi. Ukunisela kokugcina ukushaja kwamanzi kwenziwa ekwindla ekupheleni kukaSepthemba ngesimo sezulu esomile. Ngaphansi kwe-cherry udinga ukuthulula amabhakede ayishumi amanzi.
- Gcoba ngomanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic okungenani kathathu ngesizini. Galela okwesithathu ekwindla ngesikhathi sokumba.
- Faka umhlabathi kude ne-1.5 m ukusuka esiqwini kanye eminyakeni emihlanu. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuchitheni amaqanda.
- Ungakhohlwa ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi unyaka nonyaka ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa ngokhuni, ukuthambisa, izinaliti noma i-spanbond.
- Ngentwasahlobo noma ukuwa, ukunquma, ususe amahlumela ngokweqile, amahlumela agulayo nawaphukile.
Cherry top ukugqoka
Isikhathi sokuqala kunconyelwa ukondla i-cherry entwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ngamanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic. Sanelisa isidingo sesitshalo se-nitrogen nge-urea noma i-ammonium nitrate. I-Urea noma i-nitrate ihlanjululwe esilinganisweni sama-20-30 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Izindleko zesihlahla esisodwa ngamabhakede amabili. Umanyolo wethulwa kumbuthano oseduze.
Umquba ngumanyolo odume kakhulu we-organic. Iphinde ingeniswe embuthanweni we-trunk ngesilinganiso se-4-5 kg ngesikwele esisodwa. Sebenzisa umquba obolile kuphela. Umphumela womquba omusha lapho usetshenziswa entwasahlobo uzabonakala kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo.
Ngentwasahlobo, imidwebo yenkukhu nayo ingasetshenziswa njengezinto eziphilayo. Ilitha lihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 15. Ukusetshenziswa kwekhambi kwengxenye yebhakede kwisikwele esisodwa. m. Qaphela: isixazululo esigxile kakhulu sokuphonsa inkukhu silimaza izimpande zamakheli.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, iRobin izophinda idinge ukunikezwa kwe-nitrogen nengxenyana yento yezinto eziphilayo.
Ukugqokisa i-Autumn top kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ukuze kubuyiswe ukuphakelwa kwezinto zomkhondo emhlabathini. Umanyolo owaziwa kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi ngumlotha ojwayelekile wezinkuni oqukethe inani elidingekayo le-potassium ne-phosphorus. I-Ash yenziwa ngesilinganiso se-1 kg nge-1 sq. u-Ash usakazeke ebusweni benhlabathi, bese wembiwa.
Ividiyo: usika kanjani i-cherry
Izifo nezinambuzane Robins nezixazululo
Izifo eziningi zamaRobins zingumbala wemvelo. Okuvame kakhulu kubo kwethulwa etafuleni.
Ithebula: Amarobhori Akulukudla Okudala
| Lesi sifo | Pathogen | Izimpawu | Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa |
| I-Coccomycosis | Ama-fungus Coccomyces hiemalis | Amabala abomvu amnyama emaqabungeni, eshintsha umbala waba nsundu. Ukuhlanganiswa okumpunga okumpunga ngaphansi kweqabunga. Ukuqala kukaqabunga kweqabunga likaJune kusuka emacembe anezifo kubangela ukuvimbela kwama-cherries Isitshalo sibuthakathaka kakhulu kangangokuba asinawo amandla anele ebusika, futhi siyabanda. | Gwema izindawo ezimanzi lapho utshala ama-cherries. Susa amaqabunga awile ekwindla. Phatha umuthi ngokuzikhandla ngesisombululo se-urea ngaphambi kokuwa kwamaqabunga nama-fungicides ngemuva. Ukwelashwa, sebenzisa isixazululo esingu-3% we-Bordeaux fluid entwasahlobo, ekugcineni kwamalungiselelo wokuqhakaza izimbali iTypsin-M, i-Oksikhom, i-Ordan, nangemva kokuqhakaza izithelo nge-chloride yethusi. |
| I-Moniliosis | I-Monillia fungus | Ukuvela kwesihlahla "esishisiwe". Kushiya ubala. Ama-berry rots bese ewa. Amagxolo ambozwe izindawo ezingwevu. Ukufa kwamagatsha amancane amancane, bese kuba isihlahla sonke. | Ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo wakudala we-fungicidal ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga kanye nentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokudumba kwezinso: i-sulfate yethusi ne-1% isisombululo se-Bordeaux ingxube. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukuthenwa okuphuthumayo kwamagatsha anegciwane, ukuwashisa kungasebenzi. Futhi, umuthi uphathwa ngamalungiselelo we-fungicidal (Skor, Oleuprit, Kaptan, Kuprozan) ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenwa futhi futhi emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi. |
| Kleasterosporiosis | I-Clasterosporium fungus | Amaqabunga nezithelo ze-cherry zimbozwe ngamabala amancane we-hue elibomvu. Inyama ngaphansi kwamabala iyeka ukukhula. Amajikijolo athola ukwakheka okubi futhi akhubeke. Ngenkambo yesifo esibi kakhulu, amabala e-cortex embozwe izindawo, okubangela i-cadmetiography. | Ukuvimbela, phatha ama-cherries ngesisombululo esingu-5% se-sulfate yethusi entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Nquma amahlumela angenwe yileli fungus bese uwashisa ngaphandle kwengadi. Ungakhohlwa ukucubungula ukusikeka kwamagatsha nge-garden var. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngemithi efanayo neye-coccomycosis. |
| Anthracnose | I-anthracnose fungus | Bomvu amabhubhu kuzithelo ezikhula zibolile kumajikijolo. Ngokutheleleka ngobuningi, lesi sifo sizokushiya ngaphandle kwesitshalo. | Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, feza ukwenziwa mhlophe kwemithi, ususe amaqabunga awileyo, bambe umhlaba emibuthanweni eseduze. Ukwelashwa, sebenzisa i-polyram yezidakamizwa. |
| Ukugqwala | I-Thekopsora padi fungus | Amacembe e-Cherry aba ukugqwala. | Izitshalo ezingama-Coniferous zingumnikazi oyinhloko we-fungus yokugqwala, ngakho-ke gwema ukusondela kwama-cherries kubo. Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, baphinde bashise imfucumfucu bese befafaza umuthi nge-sulfate yethusi. Ukwelashwa kuyefana nange-Moniliosis. |
Izifo zamaFungal Robins
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu iyamangaza - amajikijolo
- Isibonakaliso esicacile - amaqabunga ahlotshisiwe
- Isifo se-fungal esiyingozi
- Umphumela wezinkuni ezishisiwe
Kuyingozi kuRobin nakuzo zonke izinhlayiya ezaziwayo ezidla ubhedu.
Cherry aphid
I-classic pest pest ayidluleli ukunakwa kwayo no-cherry
Eduze kwaphakade nezidleke zezintuthwane, ezincela amaswidi ngokulangazela kusuka kumaqabunga aluhlaza e-cherry. Indlela yabomdabu yokulwa nama-aphid iwukufafaza imifino ngezikhathi ezithile ngesixazululo sensipho-kagwayi. Ungahlala futhi uthenge amakhemikhali asebenzayo esitolo. Isibonelo: UFufanon, Akarin, Actellik, Bankol.
Cherry Weevil
Le parasite izokushiya kalula ngaphandle kwesitshalo se-berry.
Ukuvuka entwasahlobo, ama-weevil aqala ukumunca ngentshiseko ijusi kusuka kuma-cherries. Kepha ukulimala okuyinhloko kwesilimo abasibangela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda amajikijolo asanda kuboshwa, zigwaze imbobo kwithambo uqobo. Owesifazane oyedwa ubekela amaqanda angaphezu kwekhulu. Ngemuva kokuqunjelwa, izibungu ziqala ukudla uginindela omnandi we-fetus. Ukuzala kabusha kwama-weevil engadini kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kwesivuno. Ukuze ulwe nezinsimbi, gaya isiqu eduze kwesiqu, ucoce iziqu, uthathe izimbali ezithelelekile. Kwezinambuzane ezilwa izindlovu, uRovikurt no-Actellik bazibonakalise kahle.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
UCherry Robin uncomekayo, uma bengakahlangananga lutho futhi nginalo, ke ikhwalithi yamajikijolo ngamaphuzu ayi-5! Ngeluleka wonke umuntu, akekho noyedwa umuntu angamthola, futhi eminyakeni engu-4 edlule ngamthatha eTimiryazevka.
I-Rx-driver
//forum.auto.ru/garden/28635/#post-28647
UCherry Robin. Qala ukuthela izithelo ngokushesha, konke kuhamba kahle.
IVyachelav
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2650&start=60
I-Robin iyinhlobonhlobo enhle kakhulu, evikela isithwathwa, ehlukahlukene kakhulu lapho kukhethwa ama-cherries asekhaya. Okuwukuphela kwendlela okuyiyo yokuzala, okungaxazululwa kalula ngokutshala amanye ama-cherries aseduze kwawo.
