I-Orchid iyimbali evela emndenini we-Orchid. Lesi sitshalo sijabulisa kakhulu, kepha inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinhlobo zitholakala endaweni yeziqhingi zeziqhingi zaseMalay nangaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwale mbali lunokuqina kwalo (ukwakheka okungajwayelekile noma umbala), okuheha ukunakwa kwabatshali bezimbali.
Izinhlobo nokunakekelwa
Ekhaya, ungakhula izinhlobo eziningi zama-orchid:
| Buka | Incazelo | Ukunakekelwa |
| I-Felonopsis | Iqhakaza ukuqhakaza kwayo okuhle, umbala - omhlophe, ophuzi okhanyayo, onsomi. Ikhula kahle ezimeni zezulu ezihlukile. | Khulisa umswakama nokudla. Gcina kuma-sill efasiteleni amnyama. |
| ICymbidium | Inezimbali ezincane zemibala elula ne-pastel. Ama-Budget akhiwa ebusika. | |
| Cattleya | Faka umbala opinki, uphuzi, onsomi okhanyayo. | Ukubeka egumbini elifudumele ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, nomswakama ophakathi. Lapho utshala emhlabathini, sebenzisa amanzi aphezulu kakhulu. Thela amanzi afudumele. |
| I-Dendrobium | Umbala - i-lavender. Izimbali zihlala amasonto angama-2-3. | Gcina emazingeni okushisa aphakathi nendawo, ngezikhathi ezithile faka umanyolo. Futha ngezikhathi ezithile, kulokhu imbali izoqhubeka ikhule ngisho nasekamelweni elinomoya owomile. |
| Miltonia | Ngaphandle, kufana nesitshalo se-pansy. | Beka ngemuva kwekamelo ngokufinyelela okuhle komoya ohlanzekile, vikela elangeni eliqondile. Moisten kaningi ngokulinganayo, ukuvikela ukomisa ukuphuma noma ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi. |
| Precious ludisia | Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-15 cm, amahlamvu amaqabunga, onsomi noma umbala we-olive. Izimbali zimhlophe futhi ziphuzi. | Ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu ngu- + 18 ... + 24 ° C. Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselwe. |
| Cumbria | Umbala wamaphalishi upinki okhanyayo. | Kufakwe inani lezinhlobo ezi-hybrid. Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhanya nokushisa. Ukuchelela ngokulinganisela kuyadingeka. |
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Orchid ngemuva kokuthenga
Imbali esanda kutholwa ibekwa endaweni yokuhlukaniswa izinsuku eziyishumi nane ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isitshalo siphilile ngokuphelele.
Lapho unakekela i-orchid ekhaya, cabanga ngobukhona be-moss ebhodweni. Igcina umswakama futhi ivumela imbali ukuyenza ngaphandle kokunisela isikhathi eside.
Kodwa ngisho esitolo, abathengisi bangagcwalisa izimbali. Unalokhu engqondweni, abalimi abaqeqeshiwe batusa, ngemuva kokuthenga, ngokunikela ngezimbali, ukuthutha isitshalo ezweni elisha, bese ufaka indawo yokuhlala yedwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-orchid yasekhaya izinyanga
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Orchid kuyahlukahluka ngesizini:
| Isikhathi | Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa | Ukushisa | Izinga lomswakama |
| Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Dinga ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukukubeka empumalanga noma entshonalanga ewindini. | + 23 ... - + 25 ° ะก. | Umswakama - 60-70%. Ukugcina i-microclimate enhle yesitshalo kuzokuvumela ukufafaza njalo ngesifutho. |
| Autumn ubusika | Kudingeka ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Kwi-orchid eyodwa, isibani esikhanyayo esinamandla angama-40 W sizokwanela, into esemqoka ukuyifaka ukuze kukhanye inani elanele emaqabungeni nasezimbali. | + 10 ... - + 12 ° C. |
Inhlabathi, umanyolo, izidingo zokufakelwa
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-orchid lunezidingo zalo zenhlabathi, ngakho-ke inguqulo yendawo yonke yadalwa, izingxenye ezilandelayo zengezwa emhlabathini:
- i-polystyrene nezinhlayiya zobumba ezandisiwe;
- moss
- uphayini we-okini ne-oki;
- ikhasi lembewu;
- amalahle;
- isisekelo.
Zonke izinto zithathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo. Banomthelela ekukhuliseni inhlabathi futhi bandise ukuhamba komoya-mpilo ezimpandeni.
Kepha ekukhuleni kwekhwalithi kwama-orchid, izithako ezethuliwe azinakuhlanganiswa ngaphandle kokucabanga, zidinga ukucutshungulwa ngokucophelela. Ziyagezwa, bese imbobo ibekwa emanzini ahlanzekile amahora angama-24 ukuqeda izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithasiselo (ikhasi lembewu, oki ne-pine bark) ebekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu omisiwe kuhhavini. Izenzo ezinjalo zizodambisa isikhunta esevele sakhiwe ohlelweni lwe-orchid.
Ama-orchid asemhlabeni, ukwakha umugqa ongaphansi komhlaba, ungathatha izimpande ezigawulwe kahle kanye namagxolo enhlabathi enamaqabunga e-fern nenamaqabunga, konke ngokulinganayo. Inhlabathi ayidingeki kuhlobo lwe-epiphytic orchid; Izimbali zitshalwa engxenyeni yamagxolo kanye nesistimu yezimpande echobozekile ye-fern, kanye nanoma iyiphi indawo engaphansi komhlaba.
Ngemuva kokunquma emhlabathini, ungakhohlwa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo. Kwama-orchid angaphakathi, izinketho zomanyolo ojwayelekile azilungile. Lezi zimbali kufanele zivundiswe ngamaminerali ancibilikayo aqukethe i-iron, phosphorus ne-nitrogen (Superphosphate). Izakhi ezinjalo zithinta kahle ukukhula kwesitshalo futhi ziqinise ukungagcineki kwawo.
Umanyolo we-organic nawo uyasetshenziswa, isibonelo, izikhumba zebhanana. Kodwa inani lokufaka okunjalo okunzima ukubala, futhi okweqile kungadala ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuze ukhule ama-orchid, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amabhodwe anezimbobo ukuze ingxenye yezimpande iphumele ngaphandle ngaphandle. Obhasikidi beplastiki noma beqalo bayasetshenziswa.
Ukufakelwa kuthatha indawo ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwale mbali, kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngeminyaka emibili yama-orchid asemhlabeni nawo wonke ama-5-6 ama-epiphytes. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukubhujiswa kwezakhi ezikhona emhlabathini kwenzeka, okuholela ezinkingeni ngokuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbali ingakhula ngaphandle kwembiza, khona-ke uhlelo lwezimpande luzophuma. Lokhu kubangela ukuntuleka kosawoti ngisho esimeni sokuvuselelwa kwenhlabathi nsuku zonke.
Lapho ukufakelwa, isitshalo sisuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni bese sixhawula isistimu yezimpande enhlabathini enamathela. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqhakaza izimbali, akunconywa ukwenza inqubo enjalo, yize kungekho monakalo othize esitshalweni. Ngemuva kokuba imbali idluliselwe ebhodweni elikhulu elinomhlabathi omusha nomswakama.
Ukuzala
Ukusakazeka kwama-orchid kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningi:
- Imifino - ilungele izitshalo zabantu abadala bazo zonke izinhlobo. Imbali iyakhishwa ebhodweni, bese inyakaziswa emhlabathini. Ngemuva kwalokho amabha engadi ahlukanisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Izilayi ezifafazwe ngamalahle futhi zifakwe ezitsheni ezihlukile. Umhlaba ufafazwa nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho ifomu lokuqala lehluma.
- Ukubekwa. Kwakheka amahlumela amade noma angama-cylindrical. Ezinye iziqu zigoqiwe futhi zibekwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa eyenziwe ngamathini epulasitiki. Izinso zokulala zithambile bese zilinda ukuthi zibambe. Ukudutshulwa okungeziwe kufudunyezwa, emva kwamasonto ambalwa kuzokwakha amahlamvu amasha. Ngemuva kwalokho izindlebe zihlukaniswa ngehlumela eliyinhloko futhi zidlulela ebhodweni.
- Izinqubo ezincane. Uhlangothi lwecob luhlukaniswe futhi luphathwe namalahle. Ngokunisela osezingeni eliphakeme, inqubo kungekudala izokwakha izimpande.
Ubunzima ekukhuleni kwama-orchid asekhaya
Lapho kukhula ama-orchid, kungaba nezinkinga eziningi:
| Inkinga | Isizathu | Isixazululo |
| Akukho okuqhakaza, isitshalo siyoma. | Ukusilela okukhanyayo, kukhulu kakhulu amandla okukhula, izinguquko zokushisa ngokuzumayo. | Uma isitshalo sitholakala ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwendlu noma ukukhanya kwemini kufushane, sebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent. Ebusuku, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu + 14 ... + 16 ° C. |
| Amahlamvu aphuzi aphuzi. | Ukubekwa phansi kwamanzi noma umswakama ophansi, ukubekwa kokusalungiswa endaweni emnyama. | Shintsha uhlelo lokuthambisa, wandise umswakama womoya. Lesi sitshalo sibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo lapho kungatholakali khona okusalungiswa. |
Izifo ze-Orchid nezinambuzane
Ama-orchid amelana nemiphumela yezifo nezilokazane, kepha izinkinga zisekhona. Ezimweni eziningi, bola amafomu esitshalweni. Imbangela yalesi simo umswakama ngokweqile enhlabathini nasezimbali. Ngakho-ke, uma ungalandeli uhlelo lokunisela, khona-ke lokhu kungakhipha ukubola kohlelo lwempande namahlamvu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology enjalo kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu. Indawo ethintekile kufanele isikwe ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali kanye nendawo yezicubu ezinempilo.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukwelapha i-slice ngesisombululo esikhethekile esinezinto ezibangelwa yi-bactericidal (Fitosporin). Umthamo ungabiliswa nje, akudingekile ukuthenga okusha.
Kwezinambuzane, i-spider mite kanye ne-mealybug ye-mealybug kuvame ukulimaza i-orchid. Uma kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa, ungasusa usebenzisa ikhambi lensipho elisula amahlamvu amahlandla amaningi. Lapho izitshalo zithinteka, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iFitoverm ne-Aktar.
Umhlali wasehlobo: izeluleko zokuzalela nokunakekela ama-orchid kubaqalayo
Ngokukhula kwama-orchid amahle futhi anempilo, abatshali bezimbali abahle batusa ukulandela imithetho embalwa:
- Udinga ukukhetha isitshalo ngobuhlakani bese uqala omncane. Abalimi abaqala phansi banconywa ukuthi banikeze izintandokazi ezikhulayo ezingabameleli abangenakho amandla (Felonopsis, Cymbidium). Ukujwayelana nalezi zimbali kufanele kuqale ngokutshala izitshalo ezilwa nezinambuzane nezifo. Ungatshala izinhlobo zamaMalay noma ama-butterchid orchid, ngoba ahlukaniswa isikhathi eside sezimbali nokukhululeka kokunakekelwa.
- Ama-orchid adinga ukukhanyiswa okuthambile, ayizitshalo ezithanda ukukhanya, kepha umphumela wokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile uyabhubhisa wona. Kungcono ukubeka lezi zimbali emafasiteleni asentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ngamafasitela akhiwe ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwendlu, kungabekwa ama-phalaenopsis kuphela, amelana kakhulu nokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga.
- Isicelo somswakama we-Smart. Isilinganiso esifanele sokunisela ama-orchid sibhekwa isikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Kunconywa ukwelashwa okuningilizi nokugeza. Ngemuva kokunisela, kuyadingeka ukuvumela amanzi amaningi ukuba akhwabane, akufanele kuvunyelwe ukugwedla ezungeze uhlelo lwezimpande.
- Ngomsoco omuhle, ukukhula okuhle kuqinisekisiwe. Onke ama-orchid adinga isilinganiso esikhulu somanyolo (iSuperphosphate, i-Master, i-Agrecol, uDkt Foley).
- Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kumele kube okunembe ngokwedlulele. Lapho uhambisa i-orchid kwelinye imbiza, konke kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimali izimpande ezintekenteke.
- Kunconywa ukulawula umbuso wokushisa ukuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza. Ama-Orchid angaqhakaza kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezipholile, ngakho-ke udinga ukubabekela izinga lokushisa ngabo + 14 ... + 16 ° C. Kuvunyelwe ukwehla noma ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ngama-degrees angama-1-2.
Ukulandela le mithetho, ungathola imbali enempilo ezojabulisa umnikazi wayo ngezimbali ezinhle kakhulu.
