I-Orchid Cumbria: incazelo, izinhlobo, izici zokunakekelwa

ICumbria igama elijwayelekile lama-orchid nzalo akhiqizwa ngokukhethekile abafuyi abatholakali endle. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza izimbali ezinhle zemithunzi ehlukahlukene, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okuhle, bavame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi lezakhiwo zokuhlala namahhovisi.

Incazelo nezici ze-cumbria

ICumbria inegama lesibili - i-asterisk, ngenxa yesimo sezimbali. Izici ezihlukile zama-orchid:

ama-pseudobulbs wesimo esiyindilinga noma oblong, afinyelela ku-8 cm;
amapuleti eshidi ancishisiwe;
uhlobo lokudubula lokukhula;
enye yezimbazo zakamuva ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu bese iba eyinhloko, ngenxa yalokho eyesibili iguqukayo noma ifa;
kumazinga wamanga, amaqabunga amnyama amabili noma amathathu amnyama ane-vein enkabeni, afinyelela ku-0.5 m;
izimbali zama-shades ahlukene afakwe ngaphakathi ububanzi obungu-50 mm-10 cm.

Izinhlobo zeCumbria Orchids

Izinhlobo zeCumbria orchid, ezidumile:

Buka	Izinhlobo zezinambuzane	Izimbali / inkathi yezimbali
I-Veilstekeara	Cochlioda, Miltonia, Odontoglossum.	Kwi-peduncle eyodwa, kutholakala ama-buds amakhulu angama-5 kuye kwangama-20. Beza ngombala opinki, obomvu, ophuzi. Ukuphela kukaFebhuwari - ukuqala kukaMashi, kuthatha amasonto ayisishiyagalombili.
Burrageara	I-Oncidium, Cochlioda, Miltonia, Odontoglossum.	Amathoni abomvu futhi aphuzi. Bakhipha iphunga elimnandi elisikhumbuza iphunga le-rose. Kuqala ngoJanuwari.
Beallara	Brassia, Cochlioda, Miltonia, Odontoglossum.	I-Beige noma i-pinkish-white-purple enamachashazi namabala amathoni amnyama. Ukusuka kuJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
IColmanara	I-Oncidium, iMiltonia, i-Odontoglossum.	Amathoni ahlukile obomvu nphuzi. Kuhlala kusuka ngasekupheleni kobusika kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
I-Degarmoara	Brassia, Miltonia, Odontoglossum.	Zikhula zize zibe ngu-10 cm, zibe nobunjwa obuhlukahlukene nemithunzi. Kuqala ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
I-Odontocidium	Hlanganisa i-Oncidium, i-Odontoglossum.	Emigudwini yezinyawo ephakeme, kufinyelela izimbali ezingama-50 zobukhulu obuphakathi, obomvu, owolintshi kanye no-shades ophuzi. Kukhona amabala amnyama namaphethini ebusweni bezithambo. Nganoma iyiphi inyanga.
I-Odontiode	Cochlioda, Odontoglossum.	Amathoni aphuzi futhi abomvu. Noma iyiphi inyanga yonyaka.

Izimo ezifanele zokugcina i-cumbria

Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ekhaya ngesikhathi sonyaka:

Ukuhlwaya	Intwasahlobo / ihlobo	Ukuwa / ubusika
Ukushisa	Okunhle - + 22 ... +26 ° С. Umehluko osukwini nobusuku awudluli ngaphezu kuka +6 ° C.	+ 16 ... +18 ° С.
Ukukhanyisa / Indawo	I-Orchid itholakala emafasiteleni asempumalanga, entshonalanga, nasenyakatho-mpumalanga, iboshwe ngumbethe welanga lasemini. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungonakalisiwe.	Ibekwe kuma-windowsill asempumalanga, asentshonalanga, naseningizimu, evikelwe emisebeni ye-ultraviolet. Uma ama-orchid eziqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Ama-phytolamp kanye namalambu ajwayelekile asetshenziswa.
Umswakama womoya	I-Optimum - 25-30%, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali - 35-40%. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu kuka +22 ° C, afafazwa kabili ngosuku ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe.

Ukufakelwa

Kungcono ukuthenga i-substrate yokutshala esitolo, kepha ungakupheka ngokwakho, ukwakheka kwayo: i-fern rhizome, i-moss, namalahle, i-coniferous noma i-oak bark ngamanani alinganayo.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi igcwele amanzi athambile, ahleliweyo. Ngomoya owomile, i-peat ingezwe ebhodweni, izogcina uketshezi. Ngomswakama ophezulu, izingcezu ezincane ze-pumice zithululelwa emhlabathini.

I-Cumbria inzima ukubekezelela ukufakelwa, ngakho-ke awudingi ukukwenza kanye kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemine.

Izimpawu zokuthi imbiza entsha iyadingeka:

uhlelo lwezimpande luminyene esidala, izinqubo ziphumela ngaphandle;
umugqa ongaphansi ubolile, ubumba, ubolile;
imbali ithengwe muva nje futhi ayiniki ama-buds.

Isinyathelo Sokudluliselwa:

Thenga imbiza ye-ceramics kancane kuneyangaphambili, ngoba i-orchid ayithandi isikhala esikhululekile. Kufanele ibe nezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
Ngaphansi kwakubeka ungqimba lodrako 2 cm, isembozo esingaphezulu esinamagxolo ahlanganayo.
Cwilisa ngokucophelela izimpande emhlabathini ngentonga, uthele i-orchid ebhodweni elisha.
Nge-rhizome ekhuliswe ngokuqinile, izinqubo zigobile ngaphandle.
Gwalisa umugqa ongaphansi, ungazingcwabi ama.
Musa ukunisela izinsuku ezinhlanu, ukuze inhlabathi yomile.

Ukunisela nokondla

Kungcono ukunisela ngokucwiliswa: i-orchid ibekwe imizuzu engama-30 esitsheni samanzi. Ngemuva kokususwa, uketshezi osele uvunyelwe ukugaya.

Ngokunisela okungaphezulu, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungasigcwalisi isitshalo ukuze izimpande zingaqali ukubola. Kwenziwe kungqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi yomiswa. Sebenzisa amanzi athambileko we-acidity ephakathi, kungcono ukuncibilika noma imvula, kusuka ekunikezelweni kwamanzi okudingayo ukuhlunga, ukuvikela.

Esikhathini sokukhula, ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziswa kabili njalo emavikini amabili. Umanyolo, izingxube ezikhethekile zama-orchid ziyatholakala. Ukugxilwa kwabo kufanele kube yingxenye njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwiphakheji. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa ku-substrate emanzi.

Izici zezimbali

Ngokuvamile kuqhuma ekwindla nasebusika. Kodwa-ke, uma zonke izimo zokuthuthukiswa kwama-orchid zenziwe (izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukukhanyisa), izimbali zingaba unyaka wonke.

I-peduncle ngayinye iqhakaza amasonto angama-4-8 (kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo). Njengoba kunama-angapo, i-orchid inika izimbali unyaka wonke. Umjikelezo wokuphila wezitshalo unikezwa ngama-pseudobulbs. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ama-fat aqatha, ujusi uthele kuwo, ifomu le-pedicels kusuka kuma-sinuses amaqabunga. Ngemuva kwama-pseudobulbs omile. Ngokushesha, amahlumela aqala ukwakha ezisekelweni zawo futhi, lokhu kungukuqala komjikelezo omusha wempilo.

Ezimeni zakudala, kunconywa ukuvusa izimbali ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ebusuku ngo-6 ° C. Izitshalo ezincane azidingi ukwenza lokhu. Okokuqala, kudingeka athole amandla, abe namandla.

Udinga futhi ukuyeka ukuchelela ngesikhathi kusungulwa isibani. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwabo, inisa inhlabathi ukuze iqale kabusha, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uphinde ume. Lokhu kusheshisa ukubonakala kwama-peduncle.

Ukunakekela ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali

Lapho isitshalo siphela, ama-pedicel omisiwe asikiwe, ukuthambisa kuyamiswa. Ngokumiswa kwenhlabathi okuqinile, ukunisela kusuka kufafaza kuvunyelwe. Lapho amahlumela amasha efika ku-3 cm, ukuchelela kuyaqala kabusha.

Ukuzala

Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla:

Amabhuleki ahlukaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe. Yenza lokhu ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi isiqu.
Izindawo zokusikeka ziphathwa ngefulawa yamalahle.
U-Delenki ubekwe emabhodweni ukuze iphuzu lokukhula libe phakathi.
Ama-bulbs angavaliwe awabambeki kahle emhlabathini, ngakho-ke ahlelwe ngezinduku ezincane.
Ukuze amahlumela afeze ukunakekelwa okufanayo ngezinhlobo ezivuthiwe.

Lapho uhlukanisa isihlahla, lobe ngayinye kufanele ibe nenombolo efanayo yama-pseudobulbs. Isonto ngemuva kokutshala, i-orchid ayidingi kuniselwa, ivundiswe, inyakaziswe. Imbewu yesitshalo ayisatshalaliswa.

Amaphutha ekunakekelweni kwe-cumbria kanye nokuqedwa kwawo

Ngokunakekelwa okunganele, i-cumbria ingadala izinkinga. Kungenzeka kube namaphutha nezixazululo:

Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle	Iphutha	Ukuxazulula izinkinga
Esikhundleni se-peduncle, kukhula i-pseudobulb.	Umswakama owengeziwe	Misa ukunisela izinsuku eziningana kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele.
Amabhule ayabola.	isitshalo sibekwa phansi emhlabathini; amanzi afika kuma-pseudobulbs.	nquma ama-bulb abolile, faka i-orchid ukuze izinhlamvu zibekwe ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi; lapho unisela, qiniseka ukuthi amanzi awangeni kuma-pseudobulbs.
Amaqabunga aphuzi.	ukukhanya okuningi; ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet.	hambisa ibhodwe endaweni emnyama; umthunzi isitshalo.
Lapho kuvela amabala aluhlaza avele khona.	shisa; ukuhlulwa yizifo nezinambuzane.	vikela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet; phatha ngamalungiselelo ezinambuzane (Aktara, Karbofos, njll).
ICumbria ikhula "ileli".	lokhu kujwayelekile kwezinye izinhlobo; izimpande ziminyene.	dinga ukuxhaswa, ungasebenzisa induku encane; faka i-orchid esitsheni esikhulu.
Ama bulinkle noma abe mnyama.	ukuntuleka kwamanzi; ukubola kwezimpande.	nisela isitshalo kaningi; susa imbali ebhodweni, uhlole izimpande, uma zibola, ususe amahlumela athintekile, ufaka i-orchid.
Ukuhlanganiswa okumhlophe qhwa esihlahleni nasehlamvu	ukutheleleka ngefungal; ukwakheka kosawoti enhlabathini ngenxa yamanzi alukhuni.	phatha ngamalungiselelo akhethekile (iTopazi, iSkor nabanye); ukufakelwa, yeka ukufaka umanyolo, uthele amanzi abilisiwe.
Amaqabunga athola umbala oluhlaza ogqamile.	Ukukhanya okuncane.	Hlela kabusha endaweni ekhanyayo.
Amacembe acwebezanayo aqoqana ngophakathi, angahle aphuzi.	Umswakama ophansi.	Fafaza kakhulu ngamanzi athambile, beka ibhasikidi elinoketshezi olupholile eduze kwalo. Inani lokunisela alikhuphuki, uhlelo lwempande luzoqala ukubola.
I-rhizome iba mnyama, lapho icindezelwa, kuphume uketshezi kuyo.	ukhunta; ukukhanya okungalungile; umswakama ngokweqile; inhlabathi eminyene kakhulu.	susa izimpande ezibolile; gcoba indawo yokusika ngamalahle achotshoziwe; yenza ukufakelwa.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Inambuzane	Izimpawu	Ukwelashwa	Ukuvimbela
Isikhala sesicabucabu	Kuvela iwebhu encane ngaphansi kwepuleti leqabunga. Ezindaweni lapho izinambuzane zincela ujusi, amachashazi amancane akha. Imifino ibuna bese iwa.	ukuxubha amaqabunga athintekile ngesisombululo sensipho; ukwelashwa nge-Fitoverm kuze kube izikhathi ezi-4 zokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-7; ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa Actellic; ngomonakalo omkhulu, ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi ngama-insecticides (Confidor, Bison nabanye); ususa izinambuzane ngezandla noma ngesicoci se-vacuum; ukufakelwa.	Gcina umswakama odingekayo.
Isihlangu	Amachashaza ansundu avela ku-orchid. Imifino iphenduka iphuzi futhi i-wilt.		Ukucubungula isitshalo ngensangu ecijwe emanzini anosawoti.
Ama-aphid	Isitshalo siyayeka ukukhula.		phatha i-orchid ngamanzi anosokisi noma wamawolintshi; faka amakhasi we-citrus ngaphansi; Ngemuva kokufafaza, susa uketshezi osele emaqabungeni.